建筑英语--诺曼福斯特 德国法兰克福商业银行大厦浅析

建

题

目：德国法兰克福商业银行大厦浅析

学

院：外 国语学院

课程名称：建筑英语

班

级：英语

姓

名：李君

学

号：

筑

英

语

102

班

2010141077

2012< /p>

年

10

月

19< /p>

日

Analysis of Commerzbank Tower

------The ecological hi-tech architectural design

[Abstract]

This

paper

briefly

introduces

Foster

and

partners

?

Commerzbank

reinvents the skyscraper. Foster used Eco-Tech and Hi-Tech as well as new material

in his design which embodies the ideas of sustainable development. And he made the

great contribution in ecological and Hi-Tech architectural design.

[Key

Words]

Commerzbank

skyscraper,

ecologically

environment,

natural

ventilation, gardens in the sky

The

new

headquarters

for

Commerzbank

in

Frankfurt

is

the

world?s

tallest

ecological

high

-rise

tower.

The

design

addressed

sustainability

issues

such

as:

ambient

energy

used

as

much

as

possible to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels by an innovative fa?

ade and building system that

uses natural ventilation; maintaining health and happiness for the users by daylighting office space

and allowing them to enjoy the outdoors by operable windows and planted sky gardens; recycling

gray

water

for

cooling

and

sanitary

purposes;

and

community

and

connection

through

careful

scaling

of

relationships

with

street

and

surrounding

neighborhood.

The

consideration

of

these

issues reflected by the different building components will be discussed, analyzed and commented

on. The Commerzbank headquarters was the first skyscraper to seriously take sustainability into

consideration and to allow it to form the basis of the building?s design; the prototype?s success or

failure will influence how ?green? skyscrapers will be in the fu

ture.

Brief introduction

At fifty-

three storeys, the Commerzbank is the world?s first ecological office tower and the tallest

building in Europe. The outcome of a limited international competition, the project explores the

nature

of

the

office

environment,

developing

new

ideas

for

its

ecology

and

working

patterns.

Central to this concept is a reliance on natural systems of lighting and ventilation. Every office in

the

tower

is

daylit

and

has

openable

windows,

allowing

occupants

to

control

their

own

environment, and resulting in energy consumption levels equivalent to half those of conventional

office towers.

The

plan

of

the

building

is

triangular,

comprising

three

petals

-

the

office

floors

-

and

a

stem

formed

by

a

full-height

central

atrium.

Pairs

of

vertical

masts

enclose

services

and

circulation

cores in the corners of the plan and support eight-storey Vierendeel beams, which in turn support

clear-span office floors. Four-storey gardens are set at different levels on each side of the tower,

forming a spiral of landscaping around the building, and visually establishing a social focus for

village-like offices clusters. These gardens play an ecological role, bringing daylight and fresh air

into the central atrium, which acts as a natural ventilation chimney for the inward-facing offices.

The gardens are also places to relax during refreshment breaks, bringing richness and humanity to

the workplace, and from the outside they give the building a sense of transparency and lightness.

Depending on their orientation, planting is from one of three regions: North America, Asia or the

Mediterranean.

The

tower

has

a

distinctive

presence

on

the

Frankfurt

skyline

but

is

also

anchored

into

the

lower- scale

city

fabric,

with

restoration

and

sensitive

rebuilding

of

the

perimeter

structures

reinforcing the original scale of the block. These developments at street level provide shops, car

parking,

apartments

and

a

banking

hall,

and

forge

links

between

the

Commerzbank

and

the

broader community. At the heart of the scheme a public galleria with restaurants, cafs and spaces

for social and cultural events forms a popular new route cutting across the site. Interestingly, on

the day the Commerzbank opened, the Financial Times adopted it as the symbol of Frankfurt, just

as it features Big Ben and the Eiffel Tower as symbols of London and Paris.

Architect

Norman foster was born in Manchester, England in 1935.

His

remarkable

buildings

and

urban

projects

have

transformed

cityscapes,

renewed

transportation

systems

and

restored

city

centres all over the world..

Many

of

these

aesthetically

and

technologically

groundbreaking

projects

are

based

on

ecology

conscious

concepts, setting new standards for the interaction of buildings

with their environment. Among his recent projects are some of

the

most

remarkable

architectural

projects

of

the

last

years,

including

the

reconstruction

of

the

Reichstag

in

Berlin,

the

design of the great court at the British museum In London, the millennium bridge, and the new

Hong Kong international airport -

the world?s largest

airport terminal.

Architecture

1)

New high-rise generation

The floor plan of the new tower is an equilateral triangle with rounded corners and slightly convex

sides. The approximate width is 60 m. The floors of the building as well as the cores at the three

corners are organized around the central atrium. The inside atrium region has a height of 160 m

(43 storeys) with a length of 17 m. Each floor has three wings, two of which serve as office space;

the third forms part of one of the 4-storey-high gardens.

The tower makes an open and transparent impression thanks to the atrium, which is also triangular

in shape; natural light and the nine gardens give it its slender appearance. The gardens have an

area of 480 m2 and a height of 15 m, and are distributed in a spiral form along the building height.

A unique frame construction enhances this impression by spanning the gardens, which are more

than 34 m wide, without the use of columns.

2)

Design of the tower

The stepped top of the building makes a strong visual impact even from a distance. The guiding

principle, developed with the city of Frankfurt, was to create a striking symbol for the banking

district.

3)

Facade