中外福利制度英文演讲

美国社会福利制度简介

introduction to social welfare system american

发布于

: 2007/11/04 12:58 am

published: 2007/11/04 12:58 am

引用

quote

社会福利是日常生活不可或缺的一部分，美国的社会福 利制度相当全面完善。了解美国

的社会福利制度，有助于您在移民后合理地利用于自己有 利的福利措施，争取和保障自己应

有的权益。

social

welfare

is

an

indispensable

part

of

our

daily

life,

america

social

welfare

system

is

veryperfect.

to

understand

the

america

social

welfare

system,

help

you

after

the

migration

toexploit

for

their

favorable

welfare

measures,

strive

for

and

protect

their own rights.

美国现行的社会福利制度是从

1936

年社会安全法案

(social security act)

实行之后，

逐步完善起来的。社会安全法案包含如下几 类福利措施：

america current social welfare system is from the social security act

of 1936 (social securityact) after the introduction, gradually improve. the

social security act contains the followingbenefits:

1

、联邦社会保险

1, the social insurance

联邦 社会保险是为就职人士设立的，在职或曾经工作过的本人及其家属都可参加，主要

包括退 休金

(retirement

benefits)

、抚恤金

(survivor

’

s

benefits)

、伤残金

(disability

benefits)

和医疗福利

(medicare benefits)

等。

federal insurance office is set up for the people, working or have worked for

himself and his family can participate

in,

including

pension,

pension

(retirement

benefits)

(survivor

sbenefits)

(disability

benefits),

disability

benefits

and

health

benefits

(medicare

benefits).

只要是遭辞退失业的，不管有无积蓄都可申请。一般补 助期是

6

至

9

个月，按各州不同

情况可能会有所延长。

as long as the laid-off unemployed, regardless of whether the savings can

apply. generalgrant period is 6 to 9 months, according to the different states

that may be extended.

3

、公共援助金

(public assistance)

3, public assistance (public assistance)

专为低收入或无收入的失明 者、老人、残障者及无收入的家庭而设。由州政府按各自生

活条件发放，申请者将接受调 查以证明有申领资格。

by the state government according to their living conditions,

the applicant will be investigated to prove eligibility.

4

、孕妇与儿童福利

4, maternal and child welfare

为保护和增进孕妇及儿童的健康而设，并不分派现金，而是提供健康服务。

for

the

protection

and

promotion

of

maternal

and

child

health,

is

not

distributable cash, but to provide health services.

社会安全法案是全国性的，为保障所有人的权益而设立。除公共援助金外，大部分福利

措施是不论贫富人人皆得的。值得一提的是，社安局规定，领取社会安全金的人员不一定要

住在美国境内，以方便生活在海外的退休人士。

the social security act is a national, set up to protect the interests of all.

in

addition

to

public

assistance,

the

majority

of

welfare

measures

for

all

irrespective

of who have. it

is

worth mentioning that, the provisions of the

social

security board, to receive social

security payments for personnel do not live in the usa territory, in order to

facilitate the retirees living abroad.

除了社会安全法案所包括的上述福利政策之外，美国还 有很多涉及生活、工作各个方面

的社会福利，比较常见的有以下几类：

< br>

in

addition

to

the

welfare

policy,

including

the

social

security

act,

there

are

a lot

一、工作保险

one, job (

转载于

:

中外福利制度英文演讲

)security

1

、失业保险金

(unemployment insurance)

1, unemployment insurance (unemployment insurance)

失业保险金是一种保险制度。每月从受保人工资中扣除 部分来投保，受保人一旦失业即

可获赔，获赔金额一般是原工资的一半。

awarded is half of the original salary.

由雇主向州政 府或保险公司投保，工人因工受伤即可申领。具体赔偿金额和时期由雇主

所交的保费多少 而定，同时也能报销一定的医疗费用。工人赔偿金非美籍人士亦可申请，且

不会影响他日 转换身份或入籍。

3

、州立伤残保险金

（

state disability insurance

）

3, state disability insurance (state disability insurance)

全美只有加州、纽约州、新 泽西州、夏威夷和波多黎各设有此类保险金，专为因短期疾

病暂不能工作的人员而设。< /p>

换言之，

受保人在得病期间必须是受雇的，

复原后重新开始工作，

保险金就停止赔付。

the only california, new york, new jersey, hawaii and puerto rico have such

insurance,designed

for

short-term

illness

temporarily

unable

to

work

due

to

the

staff.

in

other

words,

the

insured

in

the

sick

must

be

employed,

and

begin

again

the

work of restoration, stop lossinsurance.

1

、粮食券

( food stamp)

1, food coupons (food stamp)

美国联邦农业部拨款给州政府发放粮食券，