心一考研英语核心词汇精讲班配套讲义

心

一

考

研

< br>英

语

核

心

词

汇

精

讲

班

配

套

讲

义

Revised final draft November 26, 2020

@

心

一

核心词汇

老

师

A

abandon

abide

bid

abide by

=bear/endure/tolerate/

put up with

come up with

＝

put forward=raise

catch up with

=keep up with

abnormal

ab-away from

norm

enormous

aboard

board

abound

in/with

abroad

broad

go abroad

absent

present- presence

absence

abstract

tractor

abundant

abundance

abuse

abuse drug

abuse one

’

s authority

abuse one

’

s wife

accelerate

access

-cess/-ceed/-cede=go/move

have access to+n/doing

succeed in, to

success-successful

succession

successive

proceed

to

process in process of

precede

preceding

precedent

exceed sb

’

s expectation

excess an excess of

excessive

recede

re- again/back

recession economic recession

concede = compromise

concession

accommodation

ac commod ate

commode

accomplish

polish

accomplishment

achieve- achievement

fulfill- fulfillment

accord

account

accountant

take sth into account

=take account of

=give thought to

=give consideration to

account for=make up

on this(that/no) account/on account of

hold sb to account

accumulate

accuse

curse

accuse sb.

of

sth.

blame sb. for sth.

charge sb. for sth.

sue sb. for sth.

prosecute sb. for sth.

accustomed

be accustomed to doing

= be used to doing

=be conditioned to doing

used to do

be used to do

achieve

accomplish-ment

achieve- ment

acknowledge

admit-put mit-mission

confess/profess fess-speak

permit

acquire

get/obtain/gain

-quire

inquire

require

actual

act--- action---actor/actress

actual---actually = in fact

=in effect=in practice=in truth

react---reaction + to

counteract---counteraction

transact---transaction

adapt

adopt

adopt sth./adopt sb

’

s advice

adopt sb./adopt an orphan

an adopted son

an adoptive parent

additional

add-addtion-additional

address

active ---activity

---activate

approach(near)/handle/tackle

(touch)

dispose of/deal with/cope with/

get a handle on

adequate

equal

－

equally

adjust

justice prejudice

adjust sth. adjust a telescope

adjust sb. adjust oneself to

adjust=adapt=accommodate

administer

minister

vicar/priest-pray/clergeman

bishop

adopt

advance

advantage

take advantage of

=make use of

adventure

ven-come

a joint venture

advertise

ver-

转

/true/truth

advisable

advice

advise

advisor

advisory

advocate

-vok / - voc

vocal cords advocate

evoke v.

evocation n.

evocative adj.

invoke v.

invocation n.

invocative adj.

provoke v.

=infuriate/annoy

provocation n. provocative adj.

convoke v.

convocation n. convocative adj.

affect

fec/fac/fic=make/do

Smoking is apt to affect one

’

s health.

have an effect on sb./sth

have an influence on sb./sth

affluent

live in affluent circumstances

favorable circumstances

adverse circumstances

aggravate

grave-tomb

gravity

aggravate an illness

aggressive

-gress

aggress

aggression

aggressive

progress

progression

progressive

degress

degression

degressive

digress

digression

digressive

agony

in agony

suffer ing=agony

＜

anguish

alien

a

lie

nation

alienate

alter

alternate: alternate kindness with severity

alternative: have no alternative but to do

altitude

attitude

latitude

longitude

ambition

ambitious

amuse

entertain

divert

analysis

analyze

paralysis

paralyze

paralysis by analysis

ancestor

precedent

forebear

forefather

predecessor

offspring

descendant

descend- descent

ascend- ascent

posterity

anniversary

ann/enn

annoy

appeal

Shakespeare

’

s works appealed to us a lot.

attract

…

to

…

appeal to the law/arm

=resort to/turn to

appeal to the judge for mercy

applause

plausible

appliance

ply/pli/ple

apply for a visa

apply to teaching practice

apply oneself to

=apply one

’

s energies to

=attach oneself to

=devote to

=dedicate to

=dedicate one

’

s energies to

=campaign to

application

applicant

appliance

applicable

appoint

assign/allocate

appraisal

appraise

assess

evaluate

estimate

appreciate

depreciate

I appreciate your help a lot.

to appreciate English poems

I appreciate your anxiety about your son

’

s illness.

approach

n. way/means

appropriate

proper

on an appropriate occasion

appropriation

approve

agree-disagress

approve of-disapprove of

assent/consent-dissent

-prov

prove

disprove

improve-improvement

artificial

artificial flowers/leather----natural

assemble

sam/sem/sim=same

to assemble pupils to a game

to assemble a machine

assess

asset

=belongings/possessions

means

资力，财力

assist

-sist

insist: insist on doing

persist: persist in doing

consist: consist of---The class consists of 100 students.

The class is made of 100 students.

resist: resist the temptation

associate

associate with sb.

associate A with B

assume

assume one

’

s office

duty/obligation/responsibility

-sum/sumpt

assume---assumption

presume ---presumption

resume--- resumption

consume--- consumption

assure

assure

ensure

insure

guarantee- promise

warrant: warranty ---a warranty of quality

astronaut

astro/aster

attach

attach a label to

attach much importance to

attach oneself to

attach--- detach

detached/neutral

attempt

attempt to do

endeavor to do

try to do

make efforts to do

tempt

temptation

contempt/scornful

attend

attend to: attend to an emergency matter/a sick man

attend a meeting/attend Harvard

-tend

tend: tend to do/tend the cattle

tendency=trend

attend

intend: intend to do/doing

intent

intention

intentional

extend

elongate/protract/prolong

extent

to some extent

extension

pretend: pretend to do

contend: contend against/with sb.

content

audience

authority

author

authority

authorities=government

authorize

authentic

automatic

ATM

Teller

C

calculate

campaign

camp

candidate

candle

cand-

candid

capable

cap/cep/ceive/cept/cat

be capable of

capacity

cargo

casual

cas/cad/cid=fall

causal- cause

cater

cater to

caution

care

warn

cautious

celebrate

celebrated

celebrity

celebrate

certificate

certain

certify

certification

certify

chief

CEO

circulate

circle

circumstance

environment

surroundings

circumstances

favorable ~

adverse ~

clarify

clear/blear

classical

classic

classify

class

collaborate

collaboration

cooperate-cooperation

combat

command

command--- demand

commend ---mend

mend

mend the hedge

comment

ment-

mental

commence=to begin/start/originate

comment

commit

communicate

mun-public

cross-cultural communication/exchange

community

compare

compare A to B

compare A with B

comparison

pair

contrast

compatible

part

be compatible with

compensate

pen/pens/pend

挂、花费

compensate for

compensation

expense

dispense

dependent

independent

competent

compete-competition- competitive

-competent

competition

competitive

complement

compliment

comply

comply (with)

-ply

imply

reply

supply

monopoly

compose

consist

comprehend

comprehension

comprehensive

apprehend

apprehension

apprehensive

comprehensive

compromise

concede

conceive -conception

deceive-deception

perceive-perception

receive-reception

concentrate

center/re on

focus on

concentrate on

concern

concerning

considering

regarding

respecting

confer

conference

defer-deference

infer-inference

refer-reference

confess

confident

confine

confine to

limit to

confirm

conflict

conform

conform to

comply with

abide by

confuse

confuse

diffuse

infuse

profuse

transfuse

congress

consent

sense

assent- dissent

consequence

follow

conservation

serv-keep

conservation

conservative

conservation organization

conservative organization

preservation

reservation

considerable

consider

consideration

considering

abundant

considerate

attentive

consist

consistent

consist

consistent

consolidate

solid

constant

constitution

stitu(t)-

constitute?

constitution?

institute

institution?

substitute(for)

substitution?

consume

contact

association

communication

tact, ta(n)g, teg-touch

integrate

integrated

integration

contemporary

contemporary

temporary

tempor-

temporal

contend

content

tent?

content?

contract

contradiction

dictionary?

diction?

predict?

contra- contrary---on the contrary

contradiction

dictate?

dictator

benefit?

benediction

verdict?

unpredictable?

controversy

ver-

versatile

conversation

reverse

diverse

controversy

universe

convenience

ven, vent

convenient

inconvenient

inconvenience

convene

convention

conventional

unconventional

reconvene

convention

convert

convert

avert

divert amuse entertain

cooperate

coordinate

coordinate?

ordinary

subordinate

cope

cope with/deal with/dispose of/get a handle on/

handle/tackle/address/ap proach

corrupt

rupt-break

rupture rapture---go into raptures

abrupt

bankrupt

crucial

crude

rude

crude oil

rudiment

rudimentary-basic

erudite

cultivate

cult

cultivate

culture

cultural communication/exchang

faculty

curb

cure

cure?

heal

accurate

curious

curiosity

secure?- security - securities

curiosity

deadly

dying

dead

deceive

decent

decent -respectable

cent

decent

indecent

D

innocent?

incentive

reticent?

decisive

decide to do

decline

cline-

incline

be inclined to do

have inclination to do=be willing to do sth

decrease

decrease

create

increase

dedicate

delicate

intricate

indicate

deduct

duct/duce

管子

/

引导

induction

deduction

defect

defect

infect

perfect

affect

effect

effective

efficient

definition

define

definition

definite

defy

deny

deliberate

liber-

deliberate

intention

intentional

democratic

democracy

demonstrate

show

deny

dependent

pend-

independent

dispensable

indispensable

expense

expenditure

expensive

depress

depress

depression

impress

impression

pressure

the press

compress

express

suppress

dismay

gloom

deject

deprive

deprive (of)

derive (from)

descendant

descend

ascend

deserve

observe

reserve

deserve

conserve?

design

sign

design

resign

assign-appoint-allocate

signify

significant

significantly

desperate

sper-

prosperous

determine

termin-

decide

diffuse

diffuse

infuse

confuse

diffusion

profuse

transfuse

diminish

mini-

mini happy country

minister

administer

MBA

（

Master of Business Administration

）

minimize

miniature

minimum

diminish

minor

minority

major

majority

maximize

maximum

minimum

disable

disabled

the disabled

disastrous

disaster

catastrophe

discriminate

distinct

stin-

刺

instinct-intuition

extinct

extinction

extinguish

extinguisher

distinct

distinction

distinguish

distinguish

distinguish

distinct

distinction

extinct

extinguish

extinguisher

divorce

domestic

dome

domain

domestic

dominant

dominate

dominant

domain

dominate

dominate

dramatic

drama

drawback

duplicate

duplicate

implicit ---explicate

complicated

intricate

complex

durable

during

dure-

endure

ease

1 do sth. with great ease

stand at ease

2 relieve=alleviate

轻

高

E

ease sb

’

s pains/suffering

3 live in easy circumstances

Take it easy!

economical

economy

economic

economical

economically

frugal, thrifty

edition

edit---to edit a collection of poems

editor--- editress

editorial---the editorial office

the original edition

effective

effective--- effect

efficient--- efficiency

valid

a secretary

a argument

a ticket

efficient--- sufficient

insufficient

deficient

proficient

efficient

effort

make an effort to do

make an endeavor to do

make an attempt to do

take pains to do (No pains, no gains.)

spare no pains to do

eject

elaborate

labor

an elaborate dinner/excuse/plot

complicated

complex

involved

elaborate

intricate

elevate

elevator

lift

escalator

escalate--- escalate the war

raise

elevate

enhance

lift

escalate

heave

hoist

eliminate

1 get rid of

remove

dispose of

2 to eliminate one

’

s opponents in the first round

elite

lit

the scientific elite

embarrass

embarrassment

embarrassing

embarrassed

awkward

bar

barbarian

barren

embarrass

ass

crass

assassin

assassinate

emerge

merge

emerge from=arise from

emerge-emergence- emergent-emergency

an emergency airport/fund/room

emergency room

living room

drawing room

sitting room

guest room

rest room

hospitality room

emergency

emigrate

emigrant

migrate---migrant ---migrating birds

immigrate---immigrant

eminent

preeminent

distinct

outstanding

prominent

emit

permit

admit

omit

transmit

emit

submit subject

endeavor

endeavor to do

make an effort/attempt/endeavor to do

endure

during

durable---durable furniture/shoes

endure one

’

s wife

endure/stand/bear/put up with

tolerate

—

tolerate sb

’

s behavior

I can

’

t tolerate your selfishness.

enforce

enhance

enhance sth.

to enhance one

’

s influence/appearance/reputation

enlarge

en+adj. ---vt.

enlighten

enlightened---enlightened leaders

enormous

norm---normal

enormous expenditure

gigantic

Titanic is gigantic.

enroll

roll

poll

toll

enroll oneself in sth.

enroll oneself in a training program

entail

That will entail an early start.

retail

retailer

wholesale

wholesaler

entitle

entitle to do

be entitled to do

entitle to+n/doing

environment

surroundings

circumstances

I shall never submit, in/under any circumstances.

equal

equally

equal pay for equal work

equivalent

equivalent

erase

eraser

erase the pencil marks

rubber-rub- problem

erect

correct

upright

keep erect

erect a monument

rectify=correct

rectitude

erupt

rupt-break

break out

erupt---break out

bankrupt---go bankrupt

disrupt

interrupt

intermit

establish

stable

to establish the identity of sb.

estimate

assess--- possess/possession/possessions

evaluate

appraise

eternal

external---exterior=outside

internal---interior

eternal triangle

evacuate

vacu-

vacant

vacuum

evade

invade

evaluate

evaporate

evident

self- evident

evidence

plain

obvious

evident

apparent

distinct

evoke

evolve

evolution

involve

revolve--- revolution/innovation

revolve around the sun

resolve ---resolution

solve ---solution

exaggerate

exaggerate one

’

s difficulties

exceed

excess---an excess of

excessive

exceptional

exceptional athletes/children

outstanding

special---special foods/love/fund

specific

particular---particular details

a letter of particular importance

be particular about

exclusive

exclude---to exclude the possibility of doing

exclusive interview

include

inclusive

executive

exert

ert-

exert pressure/influence on sb./sth

exhibit

hibit-

exhibition

show/display/demonstrate/exhibit great courage

forbid sb. to do sth.

inhibit/prohibit/preclu de/prevent/

hamper/hinder/stop/ban/keep sb. from doing/n

protect sb from doing/n

inh

a

bit

inhabitant=resident

expand

shrink

extend

expend

expel

pel-

expel

propel

dispel

repel=reject=refuse

impel

compel

expire

-spire

expire

inspire

perspire

respire

conspire

expose

expose to

be exposed to

exposure to

I have been exposed to English for more than 10 years.