-
to do
还是
doing
一个及物动词后接另一动词作宾语或者宾语补足语时,
有时只能用不定式,
p>
有时只能用
动名词或者现在分词,
有时用不
定式或动名词均可且含义相同,
有时用不定式或动名词均可
但含
义不同。具体情况大致如下:
一、习惯上只接动名词作宾语的
动词(
42
个)
admit
(承认)
,
advis
e
(建议)
,
allow
(允许)
,
anticipate
< br>(预料)
,
appreciate
(感激)
,
avoid
(避免)
p>
,
consider
(考虑)
,
defer
(延期)
,<
/p>
delay
(推迟)
,
< br>deny
(否认)
,
detes
t
(
讨厌)
,
discuss
(讨论)
,
disli
ke
(不喜欢)
,
dread
(担心)
,
enjoy
(喜爱)
,
escape
(逃脱)
p>
,
excuse
(原谅)
< br>,
fancy
(设想)
,
finish
(完成)
,
forbid
(禁止)
,
forg
ive
(原谅)
,
imagine <
/p>
(想像)
,
keep
(保
持)
,
loathe
(厌恶)
,
mention
(提及)
,
mind
(介意)
p>
,
miss
(没赶上)
,
pardon
(原谅)
,
permit
(允许)
,
practice
(练习)
,
pr
event
(阻止)
,
prohibi
t
(禁止)
,
propose
(建议)
,
recollect
(记
得)
,
report
p>
(报告)
,
resent
< br>(愤恨)
,
resist
(抵制
)
,
risk
(冒险)
,
stand
(容忍)
,
p>
stop
(停
止,阻止)
< br>,
suggest
(提议)
,<
/p>
understand
(理解)
The thief admitted having
stolen my car.
小偷供认偷了我的车子。
I advise waiting a few more days.
我建议再等几天。
We
don
’
t allow smoking in the
hall.
我们不允许有人在大厅里吸烟。
Imagine being on the
moon.
想像一下是在月球上。
We
shouldn’t keep thinking
about it.
我们不应该老想着这事。
Would you mind not going there?
你可否不去那儿呢
?
I finished doing my homework last
night.
我昨晚做完了作业。
He dislikes watching TV
.
他不喜欢看电视。
Are you
practicing playing the guitar now?
你在练习弹吉他吗?
The
neighbours reported seeing him leave the building
at noon.
邻居们反应说在中午看见他离
开了大楼。<
/p>
二、习惯上只接不定式作宾语的动词
afford
(付得起)
,
agree
(同意)
,
aim(
力求做到
), appea
r
(显得)
,
arrange
(安排)
,
ask
(要
求)
,
attempt
(试图)
,
care
(想
要)
,
choose
(决定)
,
claim
(声称)
,
condescend
(屈尊)
,<
/p>
consent
(
准许)
,
decide
(决定)
,<
/p>
demand
(要求)
,
determine
(决心)
,
endeavor
(竭力)
,
exp
ect
(期待)
,
fail
(未履行)
,
help
(
帮助)
,
hesitate
(犹豫)<
/p>
,
hope
(希望)
,
learn
(学会)
,
manage
(设法)
,
neglect
(疏忽)
,
offe
r
(主动提出)
,
plan
(计划)
,
prepare
(准备)
,
pretend
(假装)
,
proceed
(接着做)
,
promise
(答应)
,
prove
(证明)
,
refuse
(拒绝)
,
resolve
(解决)
,
seem
(觉得好像)
,
swear
(发誓)
,
tend
(往
往会)
,
threaten
(预示)<
/p>
,
undertake
(承诺)
,
volunteer
(自愿做)
,
vow
(发誓)
,
want
(想要)
,
wish
(希望)
I can’t afford to buy
this
house.
我买不起这栋房子。
I hope/wish to stay with you this
summer.
今年暑假,我希望和你住在一起。
He promised to meet me at the station.
他答应到车站接我。
Do you
agree to go shopping with me?
你同意和我一起去购物吗?
More
and more people choose not to marry.
越来越多的人情愿不结婚。
They
have decided to leave for Beijing the day after
tomorrow.
他们决定后天动身去北京。
Have you planned to buy a car?
你计划好了要买车吗?
Who
can volunteer to answer this question?
谁自愿来回答这道题?
I’
m learning to drive a car.
我在学开车。
We want to
have a rest.
我们想休息一下。
三、接动名词或不定式作宾语且意义相差不大的动词
like
(喜欢)
< br>,
love
(喜欢)
,
hate
(憎恨)
,
p
refer
(宁可)
,
begin
p>
(开始)
,
start
(
开始)
,
continue
p>
(继续)
,
can’t bear
(不能忍受)
,
bother
< br>(麻烦)
,
intend
(想要
)
,
cease
(停止)
He likes to sing
[singing].
他喜欢唱歌。
It has started to rain [raining].
开始下雨了。
You
needn’t bother to come up [coming up].
你不必费心过来了。
The
baby continued to cry [crying] all night.
这孩子哭了一整夜。
The old
man ceased breathing [to breathe].
老人停止了呼吸。
注:
(
1
)当
like, love, hate, prefer
与
would
或者
should
连用时,其后只能接不定式。例如:
我想现在就去。
误:
I
’
d
like going now.
正:
I
’
d
like to go now.
(
2
)当
begin, start
本身为进行时态或后接
know,
realize, understand
等静态动词时,其
后的动词只能用不定式。
他开始认识到他错了。
误:
He began realizing that he
was wrong.
正:
He began to
realize that he was wrong.
四、接动名词或者不定式作宾语但意义不同的动词
1
、
remember(
记得
)
,
forget(
忘记
)
,
regret(<
/p>
后悔
)
,
sto
p
(停止)
(
1
)后接不定式时指该不定式所表示的动作后发生。例如:
Remember to clean your room.
记得打扫房间。
(
还未打扫,先是
r
emember
,之后才
clean)
He forgot to pay me the money.
< br>他忘记要给我付钱了。
(
尚未付钱,
forgot
时还没
pay)
He stopped to listen, but heard
nothing.
他停下来听了听,
但什么声音也没有听到。
(先停后听)
(
2
)后接动名词时则指该动名词所表示的动作先发生。例如:
I remember cleaning the classroom.
p>
我记得打扫了教室。
(
已打扫过
)
He forgot paying me the money.
他忘记曾给我付过钱。
(
已付过钱了<
/p>
)
He stopped speaking.
他不讲话了。
(先说后停)
(
3
)
注意:
go on to do sth
和
go
on doing sth
也有类似差别:前者表示做完某事后接着做另
一事,后者表示继续做正在做的事。例如:
You
shouldn
’
t go on living this
way.
你不应该再这样生活下去了。
(go on
后接
doing
通常被认
为是现在分词而不是动名词
)
Go on to do the other exercises after
you have finished this one.
做完这个练习后
,
请接着做其
他的练习
2
、
try
后接不定式表示设法做某事,接动名词表示做某事试试
(
看有什
么效果
)
。例如:
I’ll try to come tomorrow.
我明天设法来。
Let’s try
knocking at the back door.
咱们敲敲后门试试。
3
、
mean
后接不定式表示打算
(
想要
)
做某事,接动名词表示意味着
(
做某事,接动
名词表示
意味着要
)
做某事。例如:<
/p>
He did not mean to hurt you.
他不是有意要伤害你。
This
illness will mean going to hospital.
得了这种病就意味着要住院。
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