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Close reading:
Unit 1
1 clutch:
vt.
to hold sth. or sb. tightly, esp.
because you are frightened, in pain, or
do not want to lose something
Synonyms
hold/
seize/ grip/ grasp/ grab/ snatch
Examples:
.Tom fell to the
ground,
clutching
his
stomach.
.A woman
clutching
a baby
stole an elderly woman’s purse.
clutch at
:
to try
hard to hold sth., esp. when you’re in
a dangerous situation
Example:
A drowning man will
clutch
at
a straw.
(to
try hard to find a sign of hope or a solution,
even when they are not likely to
exist
in a difficult or dangerous situation)
clutching his right
hand
:
present
participle used to modify verb (walked), showing
the manner in which the narrator walked
Examples from the text:
1). My mother stood at the window
watching
our progress, and I
turned towards
her from time to time,
hoping she would help
. (2)
2). “I’m not punishing you,” he said,
laughing
. (4)
3).
The bell rang,
announcing the passing
of the day and the end of work
. (17)
2 as:
“As”
introduces an adverbial clause of
reason.
Example:
As
you weren’t
there I left a message.
As
she’s been ill
perhaps she’ll need some help.
3 throw sb. into/out of a
place:
to force sb. to
enter/leave a place
Examples:
They’ll
throw me
out (of school)
if I fail
three exams.
Anyone who opposes the
regime is liable to be
thrown into
jail/prison.
lined
with
gardens/
planted
with
crops,
pears,
and
date
palms:
past
participle
phrase
used here to modify “a street” and “fields”
respectively.
What is the
language
spoken
in that
area?
They are problems
left
over by history.
4 Why school?:
elliptical question
Why do I have to go to school?
Father: We’ll go to Tianjin
this weekend.
Daughter: What
for?
(Why this weekend?/Why
Tianjin?)
What have I
done?:
rhetorical question
I don’t think I’ve done
anythin
g wrong to be punished like
this.
Rhetorical question
—one that expresses strong feeling or
opinion and doesn’t require an answer.
?
Don’t you want
to be useful like your brothers?
?
Can’t you see
I’m busy? (Don’t disturb me!)
?
What good is a
promise for an unemployed worker?
Features: question form, definite
answer
often used in argument and/or
persuasion
5 make… (out) of
sb./sth.: to make sb./sth. become…
The army
made
a man
of
him.
Hardships help
make
a man
of
a boy.
6 convince:
vt.
to make sb. feel certain that sth. is true
Examples:
I couldn’t
convince
him of his mistake.
I managed to
convince
them that the story
was true.
7
there is no good/use to be had in doing
sth. or it is no good/use doing sth.
It’s no good crying over
spilt milk.
There is no good
to be had in crying over spilt milk.
tearing
me
away
from
/
throwing
me
into:
verbal
noun
as
the
object
of
the
preposition
1).We had
difficulty in finding a parking lot.
2). There’s no point in
waiting.
tear
sb. away from
: make sb. leave a place
Can’t y
ou
tear
yourself away from
the TV for dinner?
8
vast and full:
adjective phrase
modifies
“the courtyard”
1).There’s
nothing wrong with the computer.
2). Can you recommend some books easy
for freshmen to read?
3). It was a
conference fruitful of results.
Features:
When used as an
attribute modifier, adjective phrases are often
placed
after the noun.
Cling
(1)
to hold tightly; to refuse to let
go
紧紧抓住或抱住
e.g. The little
girl
clung to
her
mother.
小女孩紧紧抱住她的妈妈。
(2)
become
attached to sth.; stick to
sth.
附着于某物
e.g.
The smell of smoke
clings
to
his clothes
for a long time.
烟味长久附着在他的衣服上不散。
(3)
be unwilling
to abandon sth.; refuse to give sth.
up
坚持；
拒绝放弃
e.g.
cling to
a
belief / an opinion / a theory
< br>坚持一种信仰
/
意见
/
理论
(4)
be
emotionally dependent on sb.
感情上依靠某人，
依恋，
依靠
e.g. Small children
cling
to
their
mothers.
小孩子都缠着母亲。
9 find +
obj
+
v-ing
1). When I
entered the room, I
found
him reading something aloud.
2). I
found
a tree lying across
the road.
This structure is very common
in verbs like “see, hear, feel, watch,
notice”.
3). If
she
catches
you
reading her diary, she’ll be furious.
4).The words immediately
set
us all
laughing.
10 come into
view: begin to be seen
As soon as we
turned the corner, the palace
came into
view
.
in curiosity:
“in” is used to show the feelings you
have when you
do sth. (in
表示
做某事时带有的感情
) eg.
She looked at the man
in
horror
.
The
young people waved their hands
in
excitement
.
I
did not know what to say.
Question word
+
to
do
” can often
be used
as the
object of
certain
verbs,
e.g.
Before so many books I didn't know
which to choose.
Would you
please tell me how to get to the National Library?
10 burst into:
to
begin, suddenly and/or
violently, to cry, laugh, sing, etc.
Aunt, who has been nervous and jumpy
lately, suddenly
burst into
tears
.
The
aircraft crashed into the hillside and
burst into flames
(
突然起火
)
.
11
followed
by:
a
past
participle
phrase
that
tells
us
how
the
lady
came
(or
in
what manner the lady came)
1). Guided by the teachers, all the
students are studying very hard.
2).
Given enough time, I’ll complete the job in
time.
3). Combined with
practice, theory may be learned easily.
to sort into: to put things
in a particular order or separate them into
groups.
将事物
分类，整理
Eg:
The teacher
sorted
the students
into
teams.
I’m
going to
sort
these clothes
into
those to be kept and
those to be thrown
away.
12 to form into: to make (people) into
(a group)
排列成，把…编排成
eg:
The teacher
formed
the
children
into
three lines.
The students
formed
themselves
into
four groups.
13
intricate:
a.
containing
many
detailed
parts
which
make
it
difficult
to
understand
Examples:
It is an
intricate
idea
and would need a lot of
intricate
work.
14 overlook:
vt.
a. to have a view of sth. from above
b. to fail to see or notice; pay no
attention to
My garden is
overlooked
by the neighbors.
I’ll
overlook
your mistake this time.
15
variety:
n.
number or range
of different things
The students come
from
a variety of
different
backgrounds.
The T-shirts are available
in
a wide variety of
colors.
16 revolve:
v.
a. to spin around or make sth. spin
around, on a central point
b. (fig.) to
think about
考虑
The
earth
revolve
s
round the sun.
He
revolved
the matter in his
head/mind.
to go on with
sth: to continue an activity, especially after a
pause or
break
继续做
某事
eg:
Let's
go on
with
it after the lunch break.
She started writing in the morning and
went on with
it
in the evening.
17 a matter
of sth. /of doing sth.: a situation that involves
sth. or depends on sth.
是…的问题
Learning
is
a matter of
seeing much, studying much and suffering much.
Some
people
like
pop
music
while
others
prefer
serious
music.
It’s
a
matter
of
taste.
fool around: to waste time
behaving in a silly
way
闲荡、混日子
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