英语作文：人口老龄化对经济发展的消极影响

（一）人口老龄化对经济发展的消极影响

人口的老龄化意味着劳动年龄人口比重的下降，

赡养比以及总的赡养费用的上升，老年人的社会保障

支出增加等等，这一切都 会对经济的发展产生不良的

影响。人口老龄化对经济发展的不利影响主要表现在

以下几个方面。

一是人口老龄化会减少劳动力的供给。

< br>人口的老龄化必然会导致

社会总的青壮年劳动力比例

的下 降，

造成了经济发展的劳动力匮乏和劳动力老龄

化，劳动力要素 是经济发展的重要投入因素，直接影

响到我国经济的持续稳定发展。

二是人口老龄化增加

了政府的财政负担。

人口的老龄化必然 带来大量的老

年人队伍，为了给老年人稳定的晚年生活，政府必须

将大量的财政收入应用于

养老、医疗卫生服务以及社

会服务， 严重的增加了国家的财政负担，减少了国家

对经济建设的投入

。 从西方经济的角度来看，一个国

家的国民收入通过初次分配和再次分配，最终形成消

费基金和积累基金。积累金越多，国家就可以拿出更

多的钱用于经济 建设投入，刺激经济的发展。人口老

龄化必然导致国家将大量的国民收入用于老年人社会

保障支出，减少了国家对经济建设的投入，不利于我

国经济长期 稳定的发展。

三是人口老龄化不利于储蓄

和税收的增加。

从经济学的角度来看，居民的可支配

The economic consequences of population

aging

negative effects

Population aging have negative effects on

economic development on such aspects.

Firstly, population aging cause the decline in

labor supply, which directly influence the

continuous and stable development.

Secondly, fiscal burden increases due to the

huge expenditure on pension, medical

services and social services.

Meanwhile, Population aging is not good for

savings and taxes.

The private

disposable

income

is equal to the private consumption

and investment expenditure. As for saving is

fundamental to investment, only when the

saving is adequate one will spend on

investment,

stimulating economic

growth and

sustainable development

.

In addition, the aging population will lead to

increased government spending, but the

proportion of taxpayers in the workforce

reduces. In order to increase tax revenue, the

government can only increase tax rate. This

will reduce the enthusiasm of the workers as

well as increase the burden on enterprises.

However it has positive effects. Elderly drive

the economy by the silver industry, which is

becoming an sunrise industry. Elderly are also

a kind of experienced labor force. Finally,

Elderly can help the young to raise their child,

enable them to focus more on their work and

boost their efficiency.