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来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-17 03:05
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2021年2月17日发(作者:kumei)


is one


of the pra


ctical form


of values.


The so-calle


d value


s refers to the


obje


ctive thi


ngs are


of no val


ue and the val


ue of fundame


ntal perspe


ctive. Different value


s, pe


opl


e's be


haviour, attitudes, ways are different.


People


-orie


nted focus


on


human val


ue a


nd realit


y, we


need t


he br


oadest masses as val


ues. A


dhere t


o pe


opl


e-oriente


d values, is to make the economy more devel


opment


, improve


democracy, cult


ural pr


osperity, a


nd live a


happier; i


s de


eply concer


ned that


huma


n devel


opme


nt and human value


s, dev


elopment of social a


nd


huma


n devel


opme


nt of rational


unifie


d, insisted i


n the material civ


ilization, politica


l civili


zation


and


spirit


ual civ


ilization in t


he overall a


dvancement of S


ocialist


civilizati


on t


o a hig


her level. Al


so wa


nt to se


e that per


son's value i


s not only meet your


needs, also is to me


et the needs


of other


s and the


community. A


dher


e to pe


opl


e-oriente


d, to strongly advocate every community member, serve others, beneficia


l to the


community of pe


ople. The


so


-call


ed


Outlook, attitude is


on the record, i


ncl


udi


ng who, how to


create a record of a


chieveme


nts, how t


o


evaluate performance, a


nd so on. What value


s, what ki


nd of Outlook. A


dhere to


people


-orie


nted


Outlook, is


on the premise


of respe


cting the i


nterests a


nd power of people, creati


ng a popular, warm hearts, steady


heart performa


nce


, creating


one


officer, the be


nefit of


s, a


nd overall


construction of well-off society a


nd


promoting t


he all


-round


development of people's performance. Achievement eval


uation in both e


conomic a


ccomplishments, take anot


her look at the effectivene


ss of social


progress; change


s in both ur


ban a


nd r


ural change;


bot


h hard e


nvironment to


strengthe


n and take anot


her look at the soft envir


onme


nt improvement


mome


ntum of deve


lopme


nt at prese


nt, de


pe


ndi


ng on t


he potential for sustaina


ble development. Leave pe


ople t


o talk about


hless a


nd l


eave pe


ople to talk a


bout


ook


4. people responde


d to the starti


ng point of the


questi


on, a


nd re


plie


d to questions point. Man i


s the sum of social relations


hips. We ca


nnot leave the


chi


chuanyongdu, housing, tourism and entertai


nment, e


ntertaini


ng, and even


certain


politi


cal, e


conomic,


cult


ural and social e


nvironme


nt, and so


on. Due to


human


nee


ds, all walk


s of life will come into


being.


People create for t


heir survival


, and continue enjoying t


he results of the constructi


on. Col


orful in t


he transformati


on of the


people


of the worl


d, community vitality in the creation of man. T


herefore, a


ny work we


do, the starting point is human,


what are people. Us


spee


d up devel


opme


nt, the


core of w


hich is to meet the


nee


ds of pe


opl


e, including survival ne


eds, emotional ne


eds a


nd


self- act


ualizati


on needs. It shoul


d be note


d that pe


opl


e are not ma


chi


nes,


not the


slave of an


obje


ct, not to be


controlled. Pe


ople


have their


own


personality, has its


own


personalit


y, ha


s its ow


n dig


nity. Person in


need


of care, you nee


d to under


stand, nee


d to meet. It is


said that i


n the


ety, people pla


nt


society, man i


s


an animal


on societ


y, retur


n


ow


, we are in a


new


histori


cal stage of all-r


ound constructi


on


of a well-off societ


y.


In perform duties, a


nd


carried


out work


of process i


n the, w


e to put pe


ople a


s a guide principl


es, and a test standard, efforts from masse


s most hope


do


of things


do up, from masse


s most care


of hot pr


oblem


grabbed, from masses most


co or


dinati


onDevelopment eve


nts, great se


archi


ngs.


The


16 se


ssion of the party's


scie


ntific


Outlook on


development, i


s the


new


Central


colle


ctive lea


dershi


p to t


he


development


of connotation,


devel


opme


nt esse


ntials, f


urther


dee


pen t


he essence of


development a


nd i


nnovation, is


our


party's rul


ing idea


a leap. At prese


divide


nds i


n the


practical work. Im


prove pre


sentation drafting level


, requir


ements we a


ccurate grasp led i


ntent, General le


d care


of work are to as understand, Ge


neral led


consider of problem are to in


-de


pth t


hinki


ng; requirements w


e highlig


ht pla


ce features,


put superi


or approa


ch


poli


cy and l


oca


l actual combi


ned


up,


put pre












高速公路收费站及收费广场



设计规范




JTJ


×××


-


××

< br>












odified


up,


not make nominal of formalism,


not do grandstanding of cosmetic, to seeki


ng of style, help masses share, is


people benefit. (C) the investe


e pe


ople i


s not


only a


n idea, it is a job re


quireme


nt. Philosophy thr


oug


h to the


people-orie


nted thought in t


he work


of the Office, must be cl


ear work


obje


ctives. Party Office in the


city this year remai


ns: A


dvanced civil strife, local brand. T


he County (City) Party Committee office


s and unit


s dire


ctly under the


Office to hold


high the


banner of first to excelle


nce


, pe


ople


-ori


ented re


quireme


nts, strengthen t


he constr


ucti


on a


nd manag


ement of the Office towards the w


ork


politi


cal parti


cipati


on ba


sed


on


conspira


cy to adhere to


people


-orie


nted, w


ill be ar


ound to


promote


plementi


ng the


scie


ntific concept


of devel


opme


nt has


be


come the party's im


portant


work. A


s the


Office of party Committee, w


orking


party shoul


d se


rvice


cente


r, initiative


to cl


aim


leader


shi


p of the


de


cision, the current focus


is to focus on pr


omoting compre


hensive,


coor


dinate


d and sustainable


devel


opment


with more


suggesti


ons, do more re


search, summarized t


he typi


cal.


One i


s drafted to raise the level


of your


presentati


on. Your


prese


ntation i


s the mai


n Office


of


s


basi


c carrier staff service, is important t


o measure


servi


ce levels. The quality of your presentation, mainly


de


pends


on


how m


uch we


drafted a document recogni


zed


by the le


adership, how many are li


steni


ng to the pe


opl


e in favour of the re


port,


how many pai


d


ust and masse


s of by thought


by wants to


com


bine


d up; requirements we


seeks t


o streamline


d clea


r, with sim


ple of lang


uage expre


ssion de


ep of thoug


ht, with short of le


ngth hosted ri


ch of connotati


on. Se


cond, t


he survey re


sults more. Investiga


tion of the


base, t


he roa


d to succe


ss is


somethi


ng, is


our for the


Party Committee's policy


decision a good idea, an important part of a good


staff. This year, to focus ar


ound industrial XING city, and farmers incre


ase, a


nd a


nd manpow


er devel


opment


, and


seeki


ng, major


probl


em and foster a


dvantag


e industry, a


nd a


djustme


nt agricultural structure, a


nd


carried


not satisfacti


on


of place m


nt, esta


blishing a


nd im


sentation of theme thr


is one


of the pra


ctical form


of values.


The so-calle


d value


s refers to the


obje


ctive thi


ngs are


of no val


ue and the val


ue of fundame


ntal perspe


ctive. Different value


s, pe


opl


e's be


haviour, attitudes, ways are different.


People


-orie


nted focus


on


human val


ue a


nd realit


y, we


need t


he br


oadest masses as val


ues. A


dhere t


o pe


opl


e-oriente


d values, is to make the economy more devel


opment


, improve


democracy, cult


ural pr


osperity, a


nd live a


happier; i


s de


eply concer


ned that


huma


n devel


opme


nt and human value


s, dev


elopment of social a


nd


huma


n devel


opme


nt of rational


unifie


d, insisted i


n the material civ


ilization, politica


l civili


zation


and


spirit


ual civ


ilizatio


n in t


he overall a


dvancement of S


ocialist


civilizati


on t


o a hig


her level. Al


so wa


nt to se


e that per


son's value i


s not only meet your


needs, also is to me


et the needs


of other


s and the


community. A


dher


e to pe


opl


e-oriente


d, to strongly advocate every community mem


ber, serve others, beneficia


l to the


community of pe


ople. The


so


-call


ed


Outlook, attitude is


on the record, i


ncl


udi


ng who, how to


create a record of a


chieveme


nts, how t


o


evaluate performance, a


nd so on. What value


s, what ki


nd of Outlook. A


dhere to


people


-orie


nted


Outlook, is


on the premise


of respe


cting the i


nterests a


nd power of people, creati


ng a popular, warm hearts, steady


heart performa


nce


, creating


one


officer, the be


nefit of


s, a


nd overall


construction of well-off society a


nd


promoting t


he all


-round


development of people's performance. Achievement eval


uation in both e


conomic a


ccomplishments, take anot


her look at the effectivene


ss of social


progress; change


s in both ur


ban a


nd r


ural change;


bot


h hard e


nvironment to


strengthe


n and take anot


her look at the soft envir


onme


nt improvement mome


ntum of deve


lopme


nt at prese


nt, de


pe


ndi


ng on t


he potential for sustaina


ble development. Leave pe


ople t


o talk about


hless a


nd l


eave pe


ople to talk a


bout


ook


4. people responde


d to the starti


ng point of the


questi


on, a


nd re


plie


d to questions point. Man i


s the sum of social relations


hips. We ca


nnot leave the


chi


chuanyongdu, housing, tourism and entertai


nment, e


ntertaini


ng, and even


certain


politi


cal, e


conomic,


cult


ural and social e


nvironme


nt, and so


on. Due to


human


nee


ds, all walk


s of life will come into


being.


People cr


eate for t


heir survival


, and continue enjoying t


he results of the constructi


on. Col


orful in t


he transformati


on of the


people


of the worl


d, community vitality in the creation of man. T


herefore, a


ny work we


do, the starting point is human,


what are people. Us


spee


d up devel


opme


nt, the


core of w


hich is to meet the


nee


ds of pe


opl


e, including survival ne


eds, emotional ne


eds a


nd


self


-act

< p>
ualizati


on needs. It shoul


d be note


d that pe


opl


e are not ma


chi


nes,


not the


slave of an


obje


ct, not to be


controlled. Pe


ople


have their


own


personality, has its


own


personalit


y, ha


s its ow


n dig


nity. Person in


need


of care, you nee


d to under


stand, nee


d to


meet. It is


said that i


n the


ety, people pla


nt


society, man i


s


an animal


on societ


y, retur


n















交通行 业标准《高速公路收费站及收费广场设计规范》是依据交通部交公路发


(1998)82


号文


“关于下达


1998


年度公路建设标准、规范、定额等编制、修订工作计划的通知”精神


,


由交通部公


路科学研究所组织编写的。



编写组于


1999


< br>5


月提交了规范编写大纲和工作大纲,


1999



7


月交通部公路司在北京主持


召开了大纲审查会。根据会议纪要求和与会专家的意见,编写组于


1999



9


月完成规范编写大纲,


报部审查后据此开展了初稿的编制工作。



编写组在起草过程中


,


查阅了大量国内外的标准规范和设计资料


,


走访了国内设计、


科研


,



设单位和大专院校


,


调查了解了十几个省区近


20


条高速公路收费站及其 广场的实际应用情况


,



征求了有关 单位专家同行的意见。


2000


年上半年,

编写组组织力量调查了北京、山东、


山西、


江苏、


福建、浙江、广东等省区重点高连公路典型收费站的使用情况并进行了实地观测。在分析总结国内


现阶段收费站及广场设计使用经验的基础上


,



2000



6


月完成了规范征求意见稿


,


并在全国范围

< p>
征求意见。至


2000



9


月底,共计收到十几个单位的回函意见


80

< br>余条。


2000



8

< p>
月中旬在北京召


开了本规范的专家征求意见会


(< /p>


请见征求意见回函处理表


)


。依据专家和 回函意见,编写组进一步调


研和搜集了大量资料,调整和充实了相关章节的内容形成规范 送审稿,现特报部审查。



本规范名称在申报及部交公路发



1999



82


号文件上都暂定为


“高速公路收费广场设计规范”



但实际上一但谈论收费广场


,

< br>就必然涉及到收费站房、收费天棚、收费岛及站房区的布置、管线埋


设、照明等。



因此遵照大纲审查会专家的建议


,< /p>


将规范命名为“高速公路收费站及收费广场设计规


范”

< p>
,


并将上述内容全都列入标准范围


,


从而使收费区域的设计和征地融为一体


,


做到统一规划


,


避免交叉和遗漏


,


同时有利于设计和建设单位使用。



由 于本规范系初次制订,


定有许多不当和遗漏之处,


请各地在使用 过程中将发现的问题和建议


函告交通部公路司和起草单位交通部公路科学研究所,以利修 订时参考。



1


is one


of the pra


ctical form


of values.


The so- calle


d value


s refers to the


obje


ctive thi


ngs are


of no val


ue and the val


ue of fundame


ntal perspe


ctive. Different value


s, pe


opl


e's be


haviour, attitudes, ways are different.


People


-orie


nted focus


on


human val


ue a


nd realit


y, we


need t


he br


oadest masses as val


ues. A


dhere t


o pe


opl


e-oriente


d values, is to make the economy more devel


opment


, improve


democracy, cult


ural pr


osperity, a


nd live a


happier; i


s de


eply concer


ned that


huma


n devel


opme


nt and human value


s, dev


elopment of social a


nd


huma


n devel


opme


nt of rational


unifie


d, insisted i


n the material civ


ilization, politica


l civili


zation


and


spirit


ual civ


ilization in t


he overall a


dvancement of S


ocialist


civilizati


on t


o a hig


her level. Al


so wa


nt to se


e that per


son's value i


s not only meet your


needs, also is to me


et the needs


of other


s and the


community. A


dher


e to pe


opl


e-oriente


d, to strongly advocate every community member, serve others, beneficia


l to the


community of pe


ople. The


so-call


ed


Outlook, attitude is


on the record, i


ncl


udi


ng who, how to


create a record of a


chieveme


nts, how t


o


evaluate performance, a


nd so on. What value


s, what ki


nd of Outlook. A


dhere to


people


-orie


nted


Outlook, is


on the premise


of respe


cting the i


nterests a


nd power of people, creati


ng a popular, warm hearts, steady


heart performa


nce


, creating


or


one


officer, the be


nefit of


s, a


nd overall


construction of well-off society a


nd


promoting t


he all


-round


development of people's performance. Achievement eval


uation in both e


conomic a


ccomplishments, take anot


her look at the effectivene


ss of s


ocial


progress; change


s in both ur


ban a


nd r


ural change;


bot


h hard e


nvironment to


strengthe


n and take anot


her look at the soft


envir


onme


nt improvement mome


ntum of deve


lopme


nt at prese


nt, de


pe


ndi


ng on t


he potential for sustaina


ble development. Leave pe


ople t


o talk about


hless a


nd l


eave pe


ople to talk a


bout


ook


4. people responde


d to the starti


ng point of the


questi


on, a


nd re


plie


d to questions point. Man i


s the sum of social relationships. We ca


nnot leave the


chi


chuanyongdu, housing, tourism and entertai


nment, e


ntertaini


ng, and even


certain


politi


cal, e


conomic,


cult


ural and social e


nvironme


nt, and so


on. Due to


human


nee


ds, all walk


s of life will come into


being.


People create for t


heir survival


, and contin


ue enjoying t


he results of the constructi


on. Col


orful in t


he transformati


on of the


people


of the worl


d, community vitality in the creation of man. T


herefore, a


ny work we


do, the starting point is human,


what are people. Us


spee


d up devel


opme


nt, the


core of


w


hich is to meet the


nee


ds of pe


opl


e, including survival ne


eds, emotional ne


eds a


nd


self- act


ualizati


on needs. It shoul


d be note


d that pe


opl


e are not ma


chi


nes,


not the


slave of an


obje


ct, not to be


controlled. Pe


ople


have their


own


personality, has its


own


personalit


y, ha


s its ow


n dig


nity. Person in


need


of care, you nee


d to under


stand, nee


d to meet. It is


said that i


n the


ultural soci


ety, people pla


nt


society, man i


s


an animal


on societ


y, retur


n




1







1.0.1


目的



高速公路收费站及收费广场是保证收费站交通安全和畅通


, < /p>


确保收费业务正常运行的重要设


施。高速公路收费站及广场的建设


,


涉及收费通道数的计算、广场几何线形、收费岛、收费天棚 、


地下通道和收费站房的技术要求及建设规模等。




国外收费道路发展较早


, < /p>


50


年代西方工业发达国家就开始制订政策发展收费公路。


到目前为止


,


世界上已有几十个国家存在收费公路。公路收费业务的出现


,


使收费站及其广场成为公路的重要组


成部分

,


并为公路建设的重点内容。西方发达国家早在五、六十年代就已制定了收费站及 广场设施


的标准。


我国从


80


年代末收费公路开始建设并得以迅速发展


,


已建高速公路近万公里


,


公路收费站


及广场数千计。


且近几年


,


国家将投巨资加快公路基础设施建设


,


如此喜人 的前景


,


却因缺乏统一的


设计规范


,


使收费站及其广场的建设存在不少问题。如


:


因技术指标取值偏低使广场建设规模过小


而导致收费广场开通没几年就成为交通 瓶颈


,


而另一方面却因技术指标取值偏高而使收费站建设规< /p>


模过大


,


浪费大量的财力和资源;因线形指标选择不当


,


或广场渐变段过短


,


广场长度不足, 广场


道路中心线偏移等


,


也都使广场 建成后难以使用;站址选择不当给管理及站区生活造成诸多不便;


因设计上不注重广场区 域各种管线的布置而引起返工或施工中断的现象也经常发生。因此


,


尽快制


订收费站及收费广场设计规范


,


对于规范收费站的建设


,


保证收费广场的畅通性和交通安全


,


提高


收费效率和管理水平


,


减少征地


,


控制投资等都具有十分重要的意义。




1.0.2


适用范围


< p>
新建和改建高速公路上设置的收费站和收费广场,应按本规范的有关规定执行。其他等级收费


公路、大桥、隧道可参照使用。改建的收费站和收费广场如确因地形和工程投资等因素限制,经 技


术经济论证,不影响整个站场区的使用功能和使技术标准降低过多或造成突变,可作合 理变动外,


原则上应执行本规范的相关规定。




1.0.3


编制依据及相关标准



本规范主要依据 现行交通行业标准《公路工程技术标准》和参照新近将颁布实施的《路路线设


计规范》的 主要技术指标和基本要求编制。规范正文涉及公路工程和路线的主要技术指标都与上述


标 准保持一致。



收费站房和收费天棚都属于房屋建筑的范畴,在 这方面国家己有较为系统的规范,故本规范基


本没有对此方面的问题作出规定,只对涉及 公路收费业务功能需求,具有公路建设特色的问题提出


约束。本规范没有规定的内容原则 上都应执行国家和交通部颁布的现行政策法规和标准规范。




ow


, we are in a


new


histori


cal stage of all-r


ound constructi


on


of a well-off societ


y.


In perform duties, a


nd


carried


out work


of process i


n the, w


e to put pe


ople a


s a guide principl


es, and a test standard, efforts from masse


s most hope


do


of things


do up, from masse


s most care


of hot pr


oblem


grabbed, from masses most


not satisfacti


on


of place m


odified


up,


not make nominal of formalism,


not do grandstanding of cosmetic, to seeki


ng of style, help masses share, is


people benefit. (C) the investe


e pe


ople i


s not


only a


n idea, it is a job re


quireme


nt. Philosophy thr


oug


h to the


people-orie


nted thought in t


he work


of the Office, must be cl


ear work


obje


ctives. Party Office in the


city this year remai


ns: A


dvanced civil strife, local brand. T


he County (City) Party Committee office


s and unit


s dire


ctly under the


Office to hold


high the


banner of first to excelle


nce


, pe


ople


-ori


ented re


quireme


nts, strengthen t


he constr


ucti


on a


nd manag


ement of the Office towards the w


ork


politi


cal parti


cipati


on ba


sed


on


conspira


cy to adhere to


people


-orie


nted, w


ill be ar


ound to


promote


coor


dinati


onDevelopment eve


nts, great se


archi


ngs.


The


16 se


ssion of the party's


scie


ntific


Outlook on


development, i


s the


new


Central


colle


ctive lea


dershi


p to t


he


development


of connotation,


devel


opme


nt esse


ntials, f


urther


dee


pen t


he essence of


development a


nd i


nnovation, is


our


party's rul


ing idea


a leap. At prese


nt, esta


blishing a


nd im


plementi


ng the


scie


ntific concept


of devel


opme


nt has


be


come the party's im


portant


work. A


s the


Office of party Committee, w


orking


party shoul


d se


rvice


cente


r, initiative


to cl


aim leader


shi


p of the


de


cision, the current focus


is to focus on pr


omoting compre


hensive,


coor


dinate


d and sustainable


devel


opment


with more


suggesti


ons, do more re


search, summarized t


he typi


cal.


One i


s drafted to raise the level


of your


presentati


on. Your


prese


ntation i


s the mai


n Office


of


s


basi


c carrier staff service, is important t


o measure


servi


ce levels. The quality of your presentation, mainly


de


pends


on


how m


uch we


drafted a document recogni


zed


by the le


adership, how many are li


steni


ng to the pe


opl


e in favour of the re


port,


how many pai


d


divide


nds i


n the


practical work. Im


prove pre


sentation drafting level


, requir


ements we a


ccurate grasp led i


ntent, General le


d care


of work are to as understand, Ge


neral led


consider of problem are to in-de


pth t


hinki


ng; requirements w


e highlig


ht pla


ce features,


put superi


or approa


ch


poli


cy and l


oca


l actual combi


ned


up,


put pre


sentation of theme thr


ust and masse


s of by thought


by wants to


com


bine


d up; requirements we


seeks t


o streamline


d clea


r, with sim


ple of lang


uage expre


ssion de


ep of thoug


ht, with short of le


ngth hosted ri


ch of connotati


on. Se


cond, t


he survey re


sults more. Investiga


tion of the


base, t


he roa


d to succe


ss is


somethi


ng, is


our for the


Party Committee's policy


decision a good idea, an important part of a good


staff. This year, to focus ar


ound industrial XING city, and farmers incre


ase, a


nd a


nd manpow


er devel


opment


, and


seeki


ng, major


probl


em and foster a


dvantag


e industry, a


nd a


djustme


nt agricultural structure, a


nd


carried


is one


of the pra


ctical form


of values.


The so-calle


d value


s refers to the


obje


ctive thi


ngs are


of no val


ue and the val


ue of fundame


ntal perspe


ctive. Different value


s, pe


opl


e's be


haviour, attitudes, ways are different.


People


-orie


nted focus


on


human val


ue a


nd realit


y, we


need t


he br


oadest masses as val


ues. A


dhere t


o pe


opl


e-oriente


d values, is to make the economy more devel


opment


, improve


democracy, cult


ural pr


osperity, a


nd live a


happier; i


s de


eply concer


ned that


huma


n devel


opme


nt and human value


s, dev


elopment of social a


nd


huma


n devel


opme


nt of rational


unifie


d, insisted i


n the material civ


ilization, politica


l civili


zation


and


spirit


ual civ


ilizatio


n in t


he overall a


dvancement of S


ocialist


civilizati


on t


o a hig


her level. Al


so wa


nt to se


e that per


son's value i


s not only meet your


needs, also is to me


et the needs


of other


s and the


community. A


dher


e to pe


opl


e-oriente


d, to strongly advocate every community mem


ber, serve others, beneficia


l to the


community of pe


ople. The


so


-call


ed


Outlook, attitude is


on the record, i


ncl


udi


ng who, how to


create a record of a


chieveme


nts, how t


o


evaluate performance, a


nd so on. What value


s, what ki


nd of Outlook. A


dhere to


people


-orie


nted


Outlook, is


on the premise


of respe


cting the i


nterests a


nd power of people, creati


ng a popular, warm hearts, steady


heart performa


nce


, creating


one


officer, the be


nefit of


s, a


nd overall


construction of well-off society a


nd


promoting t


he all


-round


development of people's performance. Achievement eval


uation in both e


conomic a


ccomplishments, take anot


her look at the effectivene


ss of social


progress; change


s in both ur


ban a


nd r


ural change;


bot


h hard e


nvironment to


strengthe


n and take anot


her look at the soft envir


onme


nt improvement mome


ntum of deve


lopme


nt at prese


nt, de


pe


ndi


ng on t


he potential for sustaina


ble development. Leave pe


ople t


o talk about


hless a


nd l


eave pe


ople to talk a


bout


ook


4. people responde


d to the starti


ng point of the


questi


on, a


nd re


plie


d to questions point. Man i


s the sum of social relations


hips. We ca


nnot leave the


chi


chuanyongdu, housing, tourism and entertai


nment, e


ntertaini


ng, and even


certain


politi


cal, e


conomic,


cult


ural and social e


nvironme


nt, and so


on. Due to


human


nee


ds, all walk


s of life will come into


being.


People cr


eate for t


heir survival


, and continue enjoying t


he results of the constructi


on. Col


orful in t


he transformati


on of the


people


of the worl


d, community vitality in the creation of man. T


herefore, a


ny work we


do, the starting point is human,


what are people. Us


spee


d up devel


opme


nt, the


core of w


hich is to meet the


nee


ds of pe


opl


e, including survival ne


eds, emotional ne


eds a


nd


self


-act

< p>
ualizati


on needs. It shoul


d be note


d that pe


opl


e are not ma


chi


nes,


not the


slave of an


obje


ct, not to be


controlled. Pe


ople


have their


own


personality, has its


own


personalit


y, ha


s its ow


n dig


nity. Person in


need


of care, you nee


d to under


stand, nee


d to


meet. It is


said that i


n the


ety, people pla


nt


society, man i


s


an animal


on societ


y, retur


n


1.0.4


环境保护


< p>
环境保护是国家的基本国策,公路建设应重视环境保护,收费场区的建设则是公路

< br>


环境保护的重中之重。众所周知,车辆尤其是大型车辆在收费广场频繁地停车和 起动,其排放的废


气和漏油等使广场尤其是收费天棚下方区域成了空气污染区。交通部公 路科学研究所曾对此进行过


专题研究和广泛的测试调查,指明大多数收费场区空气污染都 超过国家控制指标,类似的文献国内


外都不鲜见。


< p>
收费场区的环境保护应从其选址和规划入手,注重场区的空气流通,避免将其设置在低洼地,


收费广场路基中心线与当地常年主风向顺应为最佳。必要时宜配套设置专门的通风设施,将远处 的


新鲜空气引入收费场区,改善收费员的工作环境。收费场区另一防污染设计就是其生活 污染物的处


理和排放,其必须满足国家相关法规的要求。




1.0.5


分期实施



收费站和收费广场建设应按 规划—次设计,分期实施。其中,场区用地应一次规划征用,收费


广场路基、收费天棚、 地下通道


(


地下管道


)


等构筑物必须一次建设到位,避免因二期工程影响正常


的收费业务运行和对一期 设施造成损坏或不能加以利用,或对景观和功能有不良影响。



收费站房宜一期建设,但其附属设施、收费机电设施及相应的其他配套设施应根据交通量的增

长情况和本规范设计年限的要求,按计划分期实施,逐步配置到位。采用分期实施建设的收费站场

< p>
区,必须进行总体规划设计,保证前期工程在后期能充分利用。




2







本章内 容主要是对规范正文中的—些名词术语进行了定义,以利使用者更好地理解和运用规


范的 条文规定。




3


收费通道及收费广场




3.1


收费通道数计算




3.1.1



3.1.2

< p>
设计小时交通量


DHV




收费通道数量是按照设计小时交通量


DHV

、服务时间和平均等待车辆数计算确定的。从理论上


来说


,


车辆通过收费广场符合数学上的排队理论


,

< br>可用排队方法进行分析计算。标准中提供的方法


及技术参数


,


系依据


JTJ001-97


《公 路工程技术标准》


, JTJ011-94


《公路路线设计规范 》并参考日


本高速公路设计要领


(


交通 部公路司译制组


1991


年陕西旅游出版社版本


),


和人民交通出版社


《交通


3


is one


of the pra


ctical form


of values.


The so-calle


d value


s refers to the


obje


ctive thi


ngs are


of no val


ue and the val


ue of fundame


ntal perspe


ctive. Different value


s, pe


opl


e's be


haviour, attitudes, ways are different.


People


-orie


nted focus


on


human val


ue a


nd realit


y, we


need t


he br


oadest masses as val


ues. A


dhere t


o pe


opl


e-oriente


d values, is to make the economy more devel


opment


, improve


democracy, cult


ural pr


osperity, a


nd live a


happier; i


s de


eply concer


ned that


huma


n devel


opme


nt and human value


s, dev


elopment of social a


nd


huma


n devel


opme


nt of rational


unifie


d, insisted i


n the material civ


ilization, politica


l civili


zation


and


spirit


ual civ


ilization in t


he overall a


dvancement of S


ocialist


civilizati


on t


o a hig


her level. Al


so wa


nt to se


e that per


son's value i


s not only meet your


needs, also is to me


et the needs


of other


s and the


community. A


dher


e to pe


opl


e-oriente


d, to strongly advocate every community member, serve others, beneficia


l to the


community of pe


ople. The


so-call


ed


Outlook, attitude is


on the record, i


ncl


udi


ng who, how to


create a record of a


chieveme


nts, how t


o


evaluate performance, a


nd so on. What value


s, what ki


nd of Outlook. A


dhere to


people


-orie


nted


Outlook, is


on the premise


of respe


cting the i


nterests a


nd power of people, creati


ng a popular, warm hearts, steady


heart performa


nce


, creating


or


one


officer, the be


nefit of


s, a


nd overall


construction of well-off society a


nd


promoting t


he all


-round


development of people's performance. Achievement eval


uation in both e


conomic a


ccomplishments, take anot


her look at the effectivene


ss of s


ocial


progress; change


s in both ur


ban a


nd r


ural change;


bot


h hard e


nvironment to


strengthe


n and take anot


her look at the soft


envir


onme


nt improvement mome


ntum of deve


lopme


nt at prese


nt, de


pe


ndi


ng on t


he potential for sustaina


ble development. Leave pe


ople t


o talk about


hless a


nd l


eave pe


ople to talk a


bout


ook


4. people responde


d to the starti


ng point of the


questi


on, a


nd re


plie


d to questions point. Man i


s the sum of social relationships. We ca


nnot leave the


chi


chuanyongdu, housing, tourism and entertai


nment, e


ntertaini


ng, and even


certain


politi


cal, e


conomic,


cult


ural and social e


nvironme


nt, and so


on. Due to


human


nee


ds, all walk


s of life will come into


being.


People create for t


heir survival


, and contin


ue enjoying t


he results of the constructi


on. Col


orful in t


he transformati


on of the


people


of the worl


d, community vitality in the creation of man. T


herefore, a


ny work we


do, the starting point is human,


what are people. Us


spee


d up devel


opme


nt, the


core of


w


hich is to meet the


nee


ds of pe


opl


e, including survival ne


eds, emotional ne


eds a


nd


self- act


ualizati


on needs. It shoul


d be note


d that pe


opl


e are not ma


chi


nes,


not the


slave of an


obje


ct, not to be


controlled. Pe


ople


have their


own


personality, has its


own


personalit


y, ha


s its ow


n dig


nity. Person in


need


of care, you nee


d to under


stand, nee


d to meet. It is


said that i


n the


ultural soci


ety, people pla


nt


society, man i


s


an animal


on societ


y, retur


n


工 程手册》


(1998



)


等资料确定的。



规范正文中表

3.2.1-1



3.2.1-2


系引用原交通部公路规划设计院的研究成果


,


它反映了


K


值与


区域及交通量之间的关系,可供使用者参 考取用。




3.1.2


服务时间



服务时间的大小主要与收费 制式、收费方式和车辆类型有关,并受收费员操作熟练成度和收费


站管理水平高低的影响 。开放式、均—式和混合式收费车辆仅需停车、缴纳通行费并取回缴费凭据


就获通行,收 费手续简便,效率高,平均服务时间较低。封闭式收费入口车辆仅需停车或减速取得


通行 券后就可进入高速公路,平均服务时间更少;但其出口因需停车、交出通行券、验票确认数据、

< br>缴费、给票据后放行等一系列手续,所需时间就较长。



目前,我国大多数收费公路都采用人工收费、人工判车型、车辆检测器较核交通量、计算机管

理并实时打印票据的收费方式,其平均服务时间应按表


3.1.3

< br>中—般值取用。当采用全人工收费方


式时,其平均服务时间则取表中低限值,甚至 可根据管理方式、收费员的素质及培训情况等,适当


降低取值或取最终通道数量计算结果 的低限。




3.1.3


主要依据日本、美国等发达国家的相关指标制订。但交通部公路科学研究所编写组对

< br>全国主要收费公路和典型收费站的调查及实地观测,发现我国大部分收费站的平均服务时间较国外


文献略高,分析其原因主要与车型及其占有率有关。观测中发现,小型车的观测值与表中值相符,


但大型车却明显偏高,尤其是国产货车,这主要是国产车辆整体性能较低所致。这也是国 内许多地


区,尤其是经济发达地区、交通流量较大及大型车比率较高的收费站普遍感觉实 际所需收费通道数


量与设计值有偏差的主要因素。因此


,


规范中规定当大型车比率占交通流的


30%


以 上时,应取用较大


值。


各地在使用中可根据当地的经验和具体情 况在表中规定范围内取用


,


特别是主线大型收费站宜适


当取高限。




3.1.4


平均等待车辆数



本规范中定义的平均等待车辆数是按排队理论来描述的—个概念值。


服务质量


(


服务水平


)


要高,


就必须降低收费通道前等侍通过的车辆数


,


也就须相应增加收费通道数量。


收费广场平均等侍车辆数

< p>
通常情况下应取用


1.0


,在受地形限制、临时设 置、短期使用、普通收费公路等情况下的收费站,


则可取较高数值,但最大值为


3.0





3.1.5


收费通道数确定



理论上收费通道数量应按规范附录


A


“收费 通道数量理论计算方法”确定,但按上述方法计算


较复杂繁琐,故实际应用中通常采用查 表法。规范中表


3.1.5-1



3. 1.5-2


是最常用的两个表格,一


般情况下按其计算既可。< /p>



需注意的是


,


由于各参数的选择直接影响计算结果即通道数量


,


相应涉及整个收费广场的建设


ow


, we are in a


new


histori


cal stage of all-r


ound constructi


on


of a well-off societ


y.


In perform duties, a


nd


carried


out work


of process i


n the, w


e to put pe


ople a


s a guide principl


es, and a test standard, efforts from masse


s most hope


do


of things


do up, from masse


s most care


of hot pr


oblem


grabbed, from masses most


not satisfacti


on


of place m


odified


up,


not make nominal of formalism,


not do grandstanding of cosmetic, to seeki


ng of style, help masses share, is


people benefit. (C) the investe


e pe


ople i


s not


only a


n idea, it is a job re


quireme


nt. Philosophy thr


oug


h to the


people-orie


nted thought in t


he work


of the Office, must be cl


ear work


obje


ctives. Party Office in the


city this year remai


ns: A


dvanced civil strife, local brand. T


he County (City) Party Committee office


s and unit


s dire


ctly under the


Office to hold


high the


banner of first to excelle


nce


, pe


ople


-ori


ented re


quireme


nts, strengthen t


he constr


ucti


on a


nd manag


ement of the Office towards the w


ork


politi


cal parti


cipati


on ba


sed


on


conspira


cy to adhere to


people


-orie


nted, w


ill be ar


ound to


promote


coor


dinati


onDevelopment eve


nts, great se


archi


ngs.


The


16 se


ssion of the party's


scie


ntific


Outlook on


development, i


s the


new


Central


colle


ctive lea


dershi


p to t


he


development


of connotation,


devel


opme


nt esse


ntials, f


urther


dee


pen t


he essence of


development a


nd i


nnovation, is


our


party's rul


ing idea


a leap. At prese


nt, esta


blishing a


nd im


plementi


ng the


scie


ntific concept


of devel


opme


nt has


be


come the party's im


portant


work. A


s the


Office of party Committee, w


orking


party shoul


d se


rvice


cente


r, initiative


to cl


aim leader


shi


p of the


de


cision, the current focus


is to focus on pr


omoting compre


hensive,


coor


dinate


d and sustainable


devel


opment


with more


suggesti


ons, do more re


search, summarized t


he typi


cal.


One i


s drafted to raise the level


of your


presentati


on. Your


prese


ntation i


s the mai


n Office


of


s


basi


c carrier staff service, is important t


o measure


servi


ce levels. The quality of your presentation, mainly


de


pends


on


how m


uch we


drafted a document recogni


zed


by the le


adership, how many are li


steni


ng to the pe


opl


e in favour of the re


port,


how many pai


d


divide


nds i


n the


practical work. Im


prove pre


sentation drafting level


, requir


ements we a


ccurate grasp led i


ntent, General le


d care


of work are to as understand, Ge


neral led


consider of problem are to in-de


pth t


hinki


ng; requirements w


e highlig


ht pla


ce features,


put superi


or approa


ch


poli


cy and l


oca


l actual combi


ned


up,


put pre


sentation of theme thr


ust and masse


s of by thought


by wants to


com


bine


d up; requirements we


seeks t


o streamline


d clea


r, with sim


ple of lang


uage expre


ssion de


ep of thoug


ht, with short of le


ngth hosted ri


ch of connotati


on. Se


cond, t


he survey re


sults more. Investiga


tion of the


base, t


he roa


d to succe


ss is


somethi


ng, is


our for the


Party Committee's policy


decision a good idea, an important part of a good


staff. This year, to focus ar


ound industrial XING city, and farmers incre


ase, a


nd a


nd manpow


er devel


opment


, and


seeki


ng, major


probl


em and foster a


dvantag


e industry, a


nd a


djustme


nt agricultural structure, a


nd


carried

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-


-


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