-
Unit 1
–
Section A
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
Given
the
chance
to
show
his
ability,
he
regained
(confidence)
and
began
to
succeed
in
school.
2.
It is
so difficult to (explore) the bottom of the ocean
because some parts are very deep.
3.
It was about 30 seconds before Alex
(emerged) from the water; we were quite scared.
4.
We often (assume) that
when other people do the same things as we do,
they do them for the
same reasons; but
this assumption is not always reasonable.
5.
There
is
widespread
concern
that
the
rising
unemployment
may
(pose)
a
threat
to
social
stability.
6.
After
a(n)
(comprehensive)
physical
exam,
my
doctor
said
I
was
in
good
condition
except
that my blood
pressure was a little high.
7.
It
is
well
known
that
China
is
a
country
with
rich
natural
(resources)
and
a
very
big
population.
8.
Some
people
believe
that
the
earth
can
(yield)
enough
food
to
support
at
least
twice
its
present
population.
9.
Sam
(inherited) the gift of imagination from his
family, but he lacked the driving power
to
take action.
10.
A bee that has found
honey is able to (transmit) to other bees the
information they need in
order to
collect the honey.
?
Word Building
1.
cover
1.
uncover
2.
easy
2.
uneasy
3.
load
3.
unload
4.
apply
4.
applicant
5.
resist
5.
resistant
6.
account
6.
accountant
7.
assistant
7.
assist
8.
simple
8.
simplify
9.
note
9.
notify
10.
quality
10.
qualify
11.
class
11.
classify
1.
Despite
being
(classified)
as
a
meat-eater,
the
panda
has
a
diet
that
is
overwhelmingly
vegetarian.
2.
They
have
developed
computerized
systems
which
will
greatly
(assist)
all
library
users
so
that they will not need the help of
others.
3.
Changes have been
made to the construction requirements in this city
in order to make the
buildings and
highways more
(resistant) to earthquakes.
4.
After
a
two-month
inquiry,
the
police
have
(uncovered)
the
three
men's
intention
to
rob
a
bank and have arrested
them.
5.
Consumers say they
are (uneasy) about using their credit cards over
the Internet because they
are afraid of
Interent fraud.
6.
A college
degree and some working experience should
(qualify) you for the job advertised in
the newspaper.
7.
The British ship arrived at the port
this morning and is (unloading) its contents in
the harbor
now.
8.
As a human resources manager, I see
many job (applicants) who are technically skilled,
but
have bad attitudes.
9.
The
teacher
(simplified)
his
instructions
so
that
the
small
children
could
understand
him
better.
10.
My
major was literature. However, now I'm working in
a firm as a(n) (accountant) , dealing
with numbers every day.
11.
The committee's decision will be
(notified) to all employees next week.
?
Banked Cloze
University students come from different
parts of the country with various purposes.
However, a
closer
look
at
their
reasons
for
studying
at
the
university
will
enable
us
to
(1)
(classify)
them
roughly into three
groups: those who have a(n) (2) (passion) for
learning, those who wish to (3)
(attain) a bright future, and those who
learn with no definite purpose.
Firstly, there are many students who
learn simply because they (4) (pursue) their goal
of learning.
Some read a wealth of
British and American novels because they are
keenly interested in literature.
Others
sit in front of the computer screen, working on a
new program, (5) (virtually) day and night,
because they find some computer
programs (6) (fascinating), and they dream of
becoming a
Gates
Secondly, there are students who work
hard mainly for a better and more (7) (prosperous)
future.
It seems that the majority of
students fall into this group. After admission to
the university, they
read
books
after
books
to
(8)
(acquire)
knowledge
from
all
of
the
resources
which
are
(9)
(available) to them, and finally, to
succeed in the future job market.
Thirdly,
there
are
still
some
students
who
learn
without
a
clear
goal.
They
take
courses,
finish
homework, enjoy life
on campus, but don't want to (10) (sample)
anything new or
challenging.
They have no idea what they will be
doing after college. And they may end up with
nothing in
their lives.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in
Use
1.
My family (got by) on my
father's unemployment benefit after he lost his
job.
2.
Many subway riders
read books or listen to music in order to (make
the most of) their time on
the way to
work.
3.
In order to make
sure he would be able to attend the meeting, I
called him up two weeks (in
advance) .
4.
Experts say our company
is amazing in that sales have been increasing
steadily (over time) .
5.
In
order to (reap the benefits of) the physical
exercise, you have to exercise regularly, and for
at least half an hour each time.
6.
They all tried to talk
(all at once) , but I couldn't hear anything they
said.
7.
Yellow flowers in
the field always (1)
(remind) me (2)
(of) my childhood in the countryside.
8.
We have been practicing
for so long and so hard that our team should
(stand a chance of)
winning the game.
9.
Research on genes will
(open the door to) exciting new medical
treatments.
10.
Every one of
you has made a contribution and I (take pleasure
in) acknowledging what each
of you has
done to make this academic convention such a
success.
?
Translation
?
英译汉
Socrates was a classical Greek
philosopher who is credited with laying the
fundamentals (
基
础
)
of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious
figure known chiefly through the accounts
of
later
classical
writers,
especially
the
writings
of
his
most
famous
student Plato. Socrates
has
become well known for his contribution
to the field of ethics. His method of teaching,
known as
the
Socratic
Method,
by
asking
and
answering
questions
to
stimulate
critical
thinking
and
to
explain
ideas
remains
a
commonly
used
tool
in
a
wide
range
of
discussions.
He
also
made
important
and
lasting
contributions
to
the
field
of
epistemology
(
认识论
)
and
logic,
and
the
influence
of
his
ideas
and
approach
remains
a
strong
foundation
for
Western
philosophy
that
followed. Socrates was
the most colorful figure in the history of ancient
philosophy. His fame was
widespread in
his own time, and his name soon became a household
word although he constructed
no
philosophical system, established no school, and
founded no sect (
宗派
).
苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，
被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。
< br>他是一个谜一般的人物，
人
们主要通过后期的一些古典作
家的叙述，
尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。
苏<
/p>
格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。
他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法
，
即通过提问和回答来激
发批判性思维以及阐述观点。
该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。
他还在认识论和逻辑领域
作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基< p>
础。
苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。
他在他那个时代已威名远扬。
虽然他未曾
建立什么哲学体系，<
/p>
未曾设立什么学派，
也未曾创立什么宗派，
但他的名字很快就变得家喻
户晓了。
?
汉译英
孔子是中国历史上著名的思想
家、教育家，是儒家学派（
Confucianism
）的创始
人，
被尊称为古代的
圣人
（
sage
）
。他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》
（
The A
nalects
）一书
中。
《论语》是
中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很
大影响。不研
究《论语》
，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其
是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。在
21
世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中
国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的
重视。
Confucius
was
a
great
thinker
and
educator
in
Chinese
history.
He
was
the
founder
of
Confucianism and was respectfully
referred to as an ancient
recorded in
The Analects. An enduring classic of ancient
Chinese culture, The Analects has had a
great influence on the thinkers,
writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius.
Without studying
this book, one could
hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years'
traditional Chinese culture.
Much of
Confucius' thought, especially his thought on
education, has had a profound influence on
Chinese
society.
In
the
21st
century,
Confucian
thought
not
only
retains
the
attention
of
the
Chinese, but it also wins an increasing
attention from the international community.
Unit 1
–
Section B
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
By decreasing the tax
rate, the government can (stimulate) or encourage
consumer spending,
business
transactions (
交易
) and
investments.
2.
Our
bodies
have
greater
(potential)
than
most
of
us
realize,
and
we
can
benefit
by
remembering this.
3.
One important feature of
team sports is that they can (cultivate) people's
team spirit and sense
of collective
honor.
4.
Human behavior is
mostly a product of learning, while animal
behavior depends mainly upon
(instinct) .
5.
She has been saving money in the past
two years, so she is (confident) that in the
coming
summer she will be able to
afford a journey abroad.
6.
The doctor (assured) him that his
condition was not serious and he would recover
soon after a
minor operation.
7.
Generally, children
display great (curiosity) about every new thing
they see, and they want to
find out
more about it.
8.
He was
proud of being chosen to (participate) in the
game, and he promised that he would try
as hard as possible.
9.
Though it has met with considerable
enthusiasm, there has been resistance from some
parents
to this new
(approach) to teaching and
learning.
10.
The room only
had a(n) (capacity) for 100 people. However, over
200 enthusiastic students
came to
listen to the lecture.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in Use
1.
Endless wars
have turned this once wealthy country (into) one
of the poorest nations in the
world.
2.
If you feel (like)
staying at home, we could watch one of your
favorite movie DVDs.
3.
She
was
a
confident
and
outgoing
girl,
but
the
presence
of
the
president
reduced
her
(to)
silence.
4.
I'd like to sign (up) for
volunteer (
志愿的
) work with an
environmental organization. I hear it
is a great way to connect with the
community.
5.
I know he is
annoying and unfriendly, but you shouldn't let him
get (to) you.
6.
The
government
is
launching
a
new
program
which
is
aimed
at
opening
(up)
new
employment opportunities.
7.
Sharon was nowhere to be found. Maybe
she had gone (off) to the beach with Tony.
8.
They develop the
specialized skills, knowledge, and positive
attitudes needed to participate
(in)
sports and physical activities.
?
Sentence structure
1.
(
正是山姆认为
) that the
greatest achievement of last century was the
landing of mankind on the
moon.
Reference: It is Sam that/who thinks
2.
(
正是在本科学习期间
) I
found out what my passion was.
Reference: It was during my
undergraduate studies that
3.
(
正是孩子的好奇心和创造力
)
causes many educators to believe that teaching
should stimulate
children's interest in
learning.
Reference: It is the
curiosity and creativity of children that
Unit 2
–
Section A
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
He
has
a
special
feeling
for
the
brilliant
birds,
and
each
spring
he
eagerly
(awaits)
their
return.
2.
Thanks
to the (efficiency) of air transport, everyone is
free to go anywhere at any time.
3.
John believes that the (donation) of
food to the hungry is more helpful than giving
money.
4.
Mary
was
a
careful
speaker;
every
word
seemed
to
have
been
(polished)
before
it
was
allowed to
escape through her lips.
5.
When
she
heard
it
was
snowing
in
the
city
they
were
going
to,
she
(stuffed)
two
more
sweaters
into her bag.
6.
During our
stay in Europe we visited many places of
(historical) interest, including several
castles.
7.
The
wedding ceremony of my sister was a very
(emotional) experience for our family.
8.
He was (embarrassed) when
he discovered that he didn't have enough money to
pay for the
red wine he had ordered.
9.
The local government is
pressed to find new places to (dump) waste.
10.
The new
system
designed
to
(curb) harmful
emissions
(
排放物
)
from
factories
will
be
put
into use soon.
?
Word Building
1.
employ
1.
employer
2.
computer
2.
compute
3.
interpreter
3.
interpret
4.
atom
4.
atomic
5.
artist
5.
artistic
6.
economy
6.
economic
7.
history
7.
historic
8.
electronic
8.
electron
9.
envy
9.
envious
10.
continue
10.
continuous
11.
famous
11.
fame
12.
various
12.
vary
1.
Lack of eye contact might
be (interpreted) as lack of attention in America,
while eye contact
might be considered
rude in Japan.
2.
When
applying for a job, make sure you emphasize the
skills and knowledge you have that
the
(employer) will
find important to the job.
3.
Many of our students are beginners who
have never done painting before and are looking to
develop their
(artistic) interests.
4.
It is surprising that you don't know
about such a(n) (historic) event. It marked the
beginning
of a new period for our
nation.
5.
They hoped to
create a computer which could (compute) at 10
times the speed of computers
on the
market.
6.
Education
is
a(n)
(continuous)
learning
process
that
never
ends.
A
teacher
has
the
responsibility of making students think
for themselves by giving effective guidance.
7.
On
the
one
hand,
we
should
make
efforts
to
improve
the
economy;
on
the
other
hand,
we
must keep a balance between
(economic) development and
environmental protection.
8.
Some successful people managed to gain
(fame) and fortune even though they dropped out of
school.
9.
A(n)
(electron) is a very small piece of matter with a
negative electrical charge, found in all
atoms.
10.
The
(atomic) bombs, also known as nuclear bombs, would
cause disasters if they were used
in
wars.
11.
I never felt
anxious or (envious) when somebody else got a
higher position or made a lot of
money.
12.
The effects of this
medicine will (vary) according to a person's
health, weight, and sex.
?
Banked Cloze
Parents and teenagers have different or
even opposite things to worry about. For example,
while a
mother
might
have
a
hard
time
understanding
why
her
teenagers'
room
is
always
a(n)
(1)
(embarrassment) of dirty
stuff, the teenagers are
more
worried about their next exams and
may
think
it
is
(2)
(ridiculous)
for
their
mother
to
insist
on
keeping
a
clean
room.
It
is
therefore
important for you to (3) (appreciate)
the differences and learn to communicate with your
teenagers
properly. (4) (Otherwise),
your teenagers may say nothing and shut you out of
their personal lives.
Their refusal to
talk with you may even create (5) (emotional)
stress in your ng effective
ways
to
communicate
can
(6)
(reverse)
the
situation
of
a
difficult
relationship,
(7)
(reduce)
the
stress of your life, and lead to a
friendly relationship with your teenagers. First,
you should learn
to discuss serious
problems in daily conversations. So, important
topics, such as driving a vehicle
and
building
a(n)
(8)
(romantic)
relationship,
could
be
dealt
with
through
daily
, learn to be an
active listener. Many parents are so (9)
(overwhelmed) with
their
work
that
they
could
hardly
take
some
time
for
their
(10)
(beloved)
children.
Spend
your
time
listening carefully to what your children like to
talk about, and make sure your children feel
they are being taken seriously. This
will increase the chances of good communication.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in Use
1.
After 10
years of full-time training, she has finally (made
it) as a professional dancer.
2.
(After all) ,
what is the point in taking part in the
competitive event if the result is only to prove
how incompetent you are?
3.
Redecorating the house is a challenging
task. It's necessary to (strip off) the wallpaper
first.
4.
I never really had
any problems with change. On the contrary, I
welcome change (with open
arms) .
5.
A lot of what we (throw
away) is made from raw materials which are not
renewable.
6.
Megan and John
realized that their house was too messy for a new
baby, so they decided to
(straighten up) their house before the
baby was born.
7.
Jennifer
couldn't (keep back) her tears when she saw the
sick children at a new blood cancer
center in Virginia.
8.
We want to give all children a world
(free of/from) violence.
?
Translation
?
英译汉
Christmas is
a widely observed cultural holiday, celebrated on
December 25 by millions of
people
around
the
world.
It
commemorates
(
纪念
)
the
birth
of
Jesus
Christ.
The
festival
dated
from
as
early
as
336
AD.
Gradually
it
evolved
into
a
religious
as
well
as
secular
(
非宗教的
)
celebration, celebrated by an
increasing number of non-Christians. Today
Christmas is observed as
an important
festival and public holiday around the world.
Christmas customs differ in different
countries.
Popular
modern
customs
of
the
holiday
include
an
exchange
of
Christmas
cards
and
gifts, Christmas
singing, church attendance, the display of various
Christmas decorations and trees,
family
gatherings, and a special meal preparation. To
small children, the festival is full of fantasy
and surprise. Legend
(
传说
) has it that Santa Claus
will enter each house through the chimney and
bring
gifts
to
well-behaved
children
on
Christmas
Eve.
Because
gift-giving
and
many
other
aspects
of
the
Christmas
festival
heighten
economic
activity
among
both
Christians
and
non-Christians,
the
holiday
has
also
become
a
significant
event
and
a
key
sales
period
for
businesses.
圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日
，全世界有许许多多的人在
1 2
月
2
5
日庆祝这一
节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早
可追溯到公元
3 3 6
年。渐渐地，这一节
< br>日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，
越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。<
/p>
如今，
圣诞
节在全球被作为一个重大的节
日和公共假日来庆祝。
不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。
现<
/p>
代流行的圣诞节风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、
唱圣诞歌曲、
参加教堂活动、
摆放各种
圣诞装饰品和
圣诞树、
举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。
对小孩子们来
说，
这个节日
充满了幻想和惊喜。
据传
说，
圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，
给乖巧听话的孩
子
带来礼物。
由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒
和非基督徒的经济活动，
圣诞
节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动
和主要销售季。
?
汉译英
每
年
农
历（
Chinese lunar
calendar
）八
月
十
五
是我
国
的
传
统
节
日
——
中
秋
节（
the
Mid-Autumn
Festival
）
。这时是一年秋季
的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一
项重要活动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，
共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆的时
刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和
亲人的思念之情。
中秋节的习俗很多，
都寄
托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自
2008
年起，中秋
节成为中国的法定节假日。
According
to
the
Chinese
lunar
calendar,
August
15
of
every
year
is
a
traditional
Chinese
festival
—
the
Mid-Autumn
Festival.
This
day
is
the
middle
of
autumn,
so
it
is
called
Mid-
Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival
activities is to enjoy the moon. On that
night, people gather together to
celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at
the bright moon
and eating moon cakes.
The festival is also a time for family reunion.
People living far away from
home will
express their feelings of missing their hometowns
and families at this festival. There are
many
customs
to
celebrate
the
festival,
all
expressing
people's
love
and
hope
for
a
happy
life.
Since 2008, the Mid-
Autumn Festival has become an official national
holiday in China.
Unit 2
–
Section
B
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
As a tall girl, I feel
very uncomfortable and (awkward) in high heels.
2.
Although
we
were
supposed
to
finish
the
project
this
month,
it
looks
like
the
work
will
(stretch) well into the
next month.
3.
It
is
believed
that
the
driver
had
lost
control
over
his
car
while
he
was
(overtaking)
and
running into another car.
4.
After the quarrel, things became very
(delicate) between me and my boss, and as a result
I
had to give up my job.
5.
The scientist did not (anticipate) that
his research result would be put to an entirely
different
use.
6.
With
five
days
before
the
opening
of
the
College
Student
Arts
Festival,
there
is
a(n)
(immense) amount of work to be done.
7.
Hans is a warm-hearted
person. When needed, he would show no (reluctance)
to help others.
8.
Some
older
people
tend
to
be
quite
conservative
and
a
bit
(suspicious)
of
any
supposed
advances.
9.
During the period of adjustment
(
适应
), the international
student tends to (complain) about
everything in the new environment.
10.
Her anger (melted) away
when she read his letter of apology.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in Use
1.
I like
this market most, because all the fruits and
vegetables, shaded by umbrellas, are laid
(out) so
nicely.
2.
He said, politely
and kindly,
book.
3.
He seldom spoke, and he was never
impatient (with) her; he was always a kind and
friendly
father.
4.
The
sharp
surge
(in/of)
house
price
makes
it
difficult
for
young
people
to
buy
houses,
especially in big cities.
5.
Though
very
busy
with
his
work,
he
does
mountain
climbing
once
(in)
a
while
with
his
friends.
6.
This
area
witnessed
a
leap
in
economic
growth
in
the
past
decade,
but
now
the
growth
is
slowing (down) .
7.
Since you don't know much
about this city, let me accompany you (to) your
hotel in case you
lose your way.
8.
Leaving behind their
families when getting (aboard) the plane departing
for America is their
most challenging
experience.
?
Sentence
structure
1.
All of Justin's
pain disappeared.
(
他的腿也不痛了
).
Reference: So did the ache in his legs
2.
His father
doesn't have great hope for him now.
(
他的母亲也一样
).
Reference: Nor does his mother
3.
CNN then
reported the story and
(
其他电视新闻节目和各大报纸也都报道了
)
.
Reference: so did other television
news programs and major newspapers
Unit 3
–
Section A
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
To
make
our
companies
(competitive)
in
the
market,
we
have
to
be
more
creative
and
productive.
2.
People are beginning to
realize that to (transform) nature at will is the
biggest mistake that
man has ever made.
3.
It
is
difficult
to
conclude
what
a(n)
(typical)
student
does
in
his
spare
time
because
every
student has different interests.
4.
A month ago I wrote to
the store complaining about its bad service, but I
haven't gotten a(n)
(response) yet.
5.
Some of your suggestions have been
(adopted) , but others have been turned down as
they are
not workable.
6.
All of a sudden, he lost his interest
in engineering, and (focused) his attention on
learning a
foreign language.
7.
If a company decreases
health benefits for its employees, they should
increase salaries to
(compensate) the workers.
8.
I failed to pass the exam although I
had worked very hard. I should (analyze) the
causes of
my failure.
9.
When you do yoga, try to (regulate)
your breathing. Don't breathe too fast and make
sure you
breathe only through your
nose.
10.
It was difficult
to (estimate) how many people had been wounded in
the earthquake.
?
Word Building
1.
scene
1.
scenery
2.
machine
2.
machinery
3.
detective
3.
detect
4.
compare
4.
comparative
5.
explode
5.
explosive
6.
mass
6.
massive
7.
represent
7.
representative
8.
modern
8.
modernize
9.
character
9.
characterize
10.
special
10.
specialize
11.
computer
11.
computerize
12.
summary
12.
summarize
1.
New Zealand is famous for
its clean beaches, friendly people and magnificent
(scenery) .
2.
The company
decided after a board meeting that the old
(machinery) in the factories be done
away with.
3.
The
key to an effective presentation is to state your
points clearly and (summarize) each of
your points at the end of your
presentation.
4.
My favorite
store is the one that (specializes) in hand-made
chocolates and lets you sample
them.
5.
It
is
sad
that
when
he
is
alone,
he
always
drinks
a(n)
(massive)
amount
of
alcohol
to
get
himself
drunk.
6.
To our delight,
this new smoke alarm system can effectively
(detect) very weak signals.
7.
We have sent our union
(representative/representatives) to look into the
case and see who is
responsible.
8.
James is famous for
skillfully using white and black colors; however,
bright colors
(characterize) his early paintings.
9.
I
made a(n)
(comparative) analysis between the two theories to
show their similarities and
differences.
10.
The project is an important step toward
a national health service, and the authorities
(
当局
)
are trying
hard to
(modernize) the exercise facilities.
11.
In
recent
years,
the
small
city
has
taken
on
a
new
look
because
of
its
(explosive)
development.
12.
A(n)
(computerized)
library
system
is
one
that
stores
all
the
records
of
the
library
on
computer.
?
Banked Cloze
There have been increased
demands for higher education to provide students
with better courses
and more
opportunities. To deal with this (1) (complex)
issue, colleges and universities are turning
to the Internet for quick (2) (access)
to its rich educational resources. Now the
Internet has been
accepted
as
the
(3)
(preferred)
technology
to
many
other
methods
in
colleges
and
universities.
Many
teachers
now
routinely
(4)
(post)
their
teaching
materials
online.
A
growing
number
of
schools
offer at least some (5) (undergraduate) courses
over the Internet. There are two different
models of making use of the Internet
for higher education. The first model (6) (seeks)
to improve
existing courses by using
the Internet. This model provides high-speed
Internet (7) (connectivity)
to all
students, faculty, and staff. While this model
uses the Internet, it doesn't (8) (require) many
changes,
and
it
keeps
most
existing
institutional
structures
unchanged.
A
different,
more
revolutionary model regards the
Internet as (9) (indispensable) to an important
change in higher
education, for it is
believed that the Internet can (10) (transform)
teacher-centered instruction into
student-centered
learning.
This,
as
a
result,
will
bring
about
basic
change
to
our
university
education.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in Use
1.
I (fired off)
a letter of complaint to the manager of the store
as soon as I found they had sold
me a
pair of mismatched shoes.
2.
People
browse
the
Internet,
read
newspapers
and
watch
TV
to
(keep
up
with)
what
is
happening
in the world.
3.
The
university has (set up) another large laboratory
for students to design more complicated
robots.
4.
I find
it very difficult to (account for) the fact that
two of our best students failed the exam.
5.
In
the
current
economy,
with
unemployment
high
and
competition
for
jobs
fierce,
your
resume needs to
(stand out) for all the right reasons.
6.
She is getting popular
since she appeared in a TV interview last month.
Her new movie will
no doubt
(add to) her growing fame.
7.
The developed countries
should (take the lead) in reducing greenhouse gas
emissions (
排放
)
and provide support for the developing
nations to follow.
8.
If
your spoken English is not very good, then you may
be (at a disadvantage) when you are
looking for a job.
9.
Their success was due (in large part)
to their well-conceived
(
周密策划的
) plan.
10.
He has been so occupied with his work
these days that he barely has time to (visit with)
his
friends.
?
Translation
?
英译汉
The London
Underground is a rapid transit
(
交通运输系统
) system in the
United Kingdom,
serving a large part of
Greater London. The underground system is also
known as the Tube, due to
the
characteristic shape of the subway tunnels. It all
started in the mid-1800s. The Tube was the
world's
first
underground
train
system,
with
the
first
section
opening
in
1863.
Since
then
it
has
grown to an underground
masterpiece (
杰作
) of 12
lines, 275 stations, and over 250 miles of rail
track, 45% of which is underground. It
is the fourth largest metro system in the world in
terms of
route miles. It also has one
of the largest numbers of stations. As an
affordable and easy way to get
around
London, the Tube remains the first choice for
millions of commuters each day, as well as
tourists
visiting
the
city
on
holidays.
The
Tube
has been
an
international
icon
for London.
The
London Underground celebrated its 150
years of operation in 2013, with various events
marking
the milestone
(
里程碑
).
伦敦地铁是英国的一个
快速交通运输系统，
服务于大伦敦的大部分地区。
地铁系统因其
地铁隧道的典型形状也被称为地下管道。伦敦地铁始建于
19
世纪中期，是世界上最早的地
下铁路系统。它的第一段地铁于<
/p>
1863
年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一<
/p>
个包括
12
条线路、
275
个车站、铁轨总长超过
250
英里的地铁杰作，其中有
45
％在地下运
< br>行。就路线长度而言，它是世界上第四大地铁系统，也是车站数量最多的地铁系统之一。作
为一个走遍伦敦的经济便捷的途径，
伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤者以及在节
假日游历伦
敦的游客的首选。伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。
2013
年伦敦举办了各种各样的活
动，庆祝地铁运营<
/p>
150
周年，纪念这一里程碑。
?
汉译英
中国航天业开创于
1956
年。
几十年来，
中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。
1970
年，
中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，
成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发
射人造地球卫星
的国家。
1992
年，
中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（
manned spaceflight progr
am
）
。
2003
年，
中国成功发射了
神舟五号
载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。
2007
年发
射了
嫦娥一号
，即第一颗绕月球飞行（
lunar-orbiting
）的人造卫星。
201
3
年，第五艘载人
飞船
神舟十号
发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。
China's space industry was
launched in 1956. Over the past decades, China's
space industry
has created one miracle
after another. In 1970 China launched its first
man-made earth satellite,
ranking China
the fifth country in the world to independently
develop and launch man-made earth
satellites.
In
1992
China
began
to
carry
out
the
manned
spaceflight
program.
In
2003
China
launched Shenzhou-5, a manned
spaceship. The successful launch made China the
third country to
launch
manned
spaceships.
In
2007
Chang'e-1,
the
first
lunar-orbiting
man-made
satellite,
was
sent to space. In 2013
Shenzhou-10, the fifth manned spaceship, was
launched successfully, laying
the
foundation for building the Chinese Space Station.
Unit 3
–
Section
B
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
While professors are
talking about economic theories, businesspeople
are more (concerned)
about profits.
2.
The police could not
prove he had been involved in the crime, so they
had to (release) him.
3.
Keeping a(n) (positive) attitude and
remaining confident in your ability to get the job
is a way
to impress any hiring manager.
4.
If the Internet (ceased)
to function, the resulting losses could be
measured in tens of billions
rather
than millions of dollars.
5.
WTO
entry
will
(enable)
a
country
to
learn
from
the
world's
best
brains
and
participate
directly in
international competition at home.
6.
There
has
been
a
sharp
(decline)
in
profits
this
year,
so
some
companies
have
dismissed
many employees.
7.
It is said that the
meeting, which is (scheduled) to be held this
Friday, will be put off till next
month.
8.
Discipline is (essential) to anyone who
wants to be successful; we cannot hope to make any
progress if we cannot work in an
organized way.
9.
I don't
object to your trying to make some pocket money
while you are at university, but don't
(neglect) your studies.
10.
We
have
recently
been
developing
a
device
which
we
believe
will
(arouse)
great
interest
among young people.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in Use
1.
The
car company is making use (of) the mass media to
popularize its new model scheduled to
be available to the public early next
year.
2.
Lack
of
knowledge
of
the
differences
between
the
two
cultures
may
give
rise
(to)
many
misunderstandings.
3.
He never expected that his best friend
would charge him (with) cheating in the final
exam.
4.
There is a wealth
(of) information available online about the
research we are undertaking.
5.
Exercise is necessary. Regular exercise
can make us healthy and keep us (from) getting
sick
or overweight.
6.
When all the lights had been left far
behind him, there was nothing (but) darkness on
either
side of the road.
7.
Some people attributed the decline in
the number of cinema audience (to) the popularity
of
the television and the Internet.
8.
To me, it's almost
impossible to concentrate on work and care (for) a
young child at the same
time.
?
Sentence structure
1.
(
为了给面试官留下一个好印象
),
he planned to get a new haircut and buy a new
suit.
Reference: To make a good
impression on the interviewer
2.
(
为了大幅度提高人民的生活水平
),
we should attach great importance to the
development of
the economy.
Reference: To greatly improve people's
living standards
3.
The customs officers examine people who
want to cross the bridge
(
为了防止任何人携带枪支或毒品
).
Reference: to prevent anyone from
carrying guns or drugs
Unit 4
–
Section
A
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
Fortunately,
the accident didn't (involve) many people, for
there was little traffic at that hour.
2.
She (fulfilled) her
ambition of becoming a fashion designer after
years of hard work.
3.
They
kept
on
trying
their
best
to
develop
their
business,
but
in
such
(intense)
market
competition, they had
no idea if success would come along one day.
4.
As music plays an
important role in our life, many music teachers
and educators (advocate)
taking up a
musical instrument at a young age.
5.
This rule should be entirely clear in
the minds of everyone and should not be
misunderstood
under any
(circumstances) .
6.
My daughter was shy; she
was afraid to ask questions, (respond) to
questions in class, or talk
with other
children.
7.
I got from him
only a letter, which was put on my office desk;
(subsequent) to the receipt of
this
letter I have never heard from him.
8.
The
duties
to
provide
services
for
children
in
need
are
not
(confined)
to
the
local
social
services department.
9.
We pray that all nations be
(reconciled) and that all people around the world
live in peace.
10.
He
suggested a small but (distinct) improvement on
our former plan; I really appreciate it.
?
Word Building
1.
agree
1.
agreeable / agreement
2.
apply
2.
applicable
3.
desire
3.
desirable
4.
sustain
4.
sustainable
5.
compare
5.
comparable
6.
accept
6.
acceptance
7.
attend
7.
attendance
8.
assist
8.
assistance
9.
entertainment
9.
entertain
10.
assignment
10.
assign
11.
engage
11.
engagement
1.
If
you
have
difficulty
finding
a
particular
book,
please
ask
one
of
the
librarians
for
(assistance) .
2.
My recent experience is
so different from your experience several decades
ago that they are
not
(comparable) .
3.
Few people knew that the
famous writer was largely self-taught through
broad reading and
(attendance) at public lectures.
4.
They
are
planning
to
establish
a
new
department
which
bases
its
teaching
on
the
idea
of
direct
(engagement)
with students.
5.
His
proposal
sounds
attractive,
but
unfortunately
it
is
not
(applicable)
to
the
management
problems of a small company.
6.
The
young
engineer
has
been
working
hard
to
fulfill
the
task
(assigned)
to
him
by
the
director.
7.
Our program aims to help
high-school graduates to find the best colleges
for them and gain
(acceptance) to the college of their
choice.
8.
Good movies not
only (entertain) us, but also help us understand a
little more about life.
9.
He
is
delighted
to
find
out
that
both
his
father
and
mother
are
(agreeable)
to
his
studying
abroad.
10.
We
must take (sustainable) development into
consideration when using the rich resources in
our country.
11.
To
do
the
job
of
the
sales
representative
for
our
company,
it
is
(desirable)
that
you
know
something about medicine as well as
about the market
?
Banked Cloze
In
January
2011,
Daniel
Hernandez
saved
congresswoman
Gabrielle
Giffords'
life
in
a
mass
shooting
in Tucson. He kept her alive by (1) (applying)
pressure to her wounds and speaking (2)
(tender)
words
of
sympathy
until
medical
people
arrived.
He
was
(3)
(hailed)
as
a
hero
by
the
public. Although his
devotion to public service is (4) (remarkable), in
his book They Call Me a
Hero: A Memoir
of My Youth, Hernandez insists that he is not a
hero.
Hernandez said that
he initially resisted the idea of writing a book
about his experience on that day
of
enormous (5) (tragedy).
However,
Hernandez,
now
a
school
board
member,
had
come
to
realize
that
he
would
be
interested in writing a book (8)
(focusing) on his public service.
some
big challenges, and I want young people to know
that they need to face challenges and (9)
(involve) themselves in their
communities.
When asked if he had any plan with a
second book, Hernandez said his major purpose at
present
was
to
continue
to
serve
his
community
and
pursue
his
passion
as
a(n)
(10)
(advocate)
for
education.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in
Use
1.
She held her hand above
her eyes to (1)
(shield)
them (2) (from) the sun so that she could see more
clearly the man in front of her.
2.
The boy studied the signs for over an
hour, but still could not (make sense of) them, so
he
turned to his teacher for help.
3.
They
(called
on)
the
developed
countries
to
commit
more
money
to
protecting
the
environment.
4.
We will continue to care for those (in
need) and work to establish a society that is
generous
and prosperous.
5.
Many people (are caught up in/get
caught up in) careers and raising kids so that
they forget
that their marriages also
need to be taken good care of.
6.
My most favorite program is the one
that deals with scientific subjects that ordinary
people
can
(relate to) .
7.
Finally, I would like to (sum up) by
saying that it has been a tremendous pleasure to
work
with you all.
8.
He is a person that you can always
(count on) when you need help.
9.
Betty loves reading. (In her words/In
the words of Betty) ,
thing in the
world.
10.
This
restaurant
is
very
popular
because
it
has
some
separate,
smaller
rooms
(reserved
for)
families with small children.
?
Translation
?
英译汉
As one of the
first Europeans to travel across Asia through
China, Marco Polo is perhaps the
most
well-known
foreign
merchant
and
voyager
to
the
Chinese people.
He
traveled
extensively
(
广泛地
)
with
his
family,
journeying
from
Europe
to
Asia
from
1271
to
1295.
He
remained
in
China for 17 of those
years. His book The Travels of Marco Polo depicts
his journeys throughout
Asia, giving
Europeans their first comprehensive look into the
Far East, including China, India,
and
Japan.
From
his
written
accounts
the
Westerners
learned
of
porcelain,
coal,
gunpowder,
printing,
paper
money,
and
silk
for
the
first
time.
The
wealth
of
new
geographic
information
recorded by Polo was widely used in the
late 15th and the 16th centuries during the age of
the
European voyages of discovery and
conquest (
征服
). In the
centuries since his death, Marco Polo
has received the recognition that
failed to come his way during his lifetime. Marco
Polo's story has
inspired countless
other adventurers to set off and see the world.
作为通过中国游历亚洲的首批欧洲人之一，马可?波罗可能是中国人最熟知的外国商人
和航海家。从
1271
年到
1295
年，他和他的家人游历
广泛，遍及欧洲和亚洲。期间，他在
中国留居了
17
年。他的著作《马可?波罗游记》描述了他游历亚洲的旅程，让欧洲人首次
全面领略了包括中国、
印度和日本在内的远东地区的情况。
从
他的文字叙述中，
西方人第一
次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火药、印刷
术、纸币以及丝绸。在
15
世纪末和
16
世纪欧洲发现与
征服的大航海时代，马可?波罗所记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广泛使用。在他去世后的
这几个世纪里，
马可?波罗获得了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞誉。<
/p>
马可?波罗的故事鼓舞了其
他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世界
。
?
汉译英
郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（
maritime
explorer
）
。公元
1405
年，明朝的统治者
为了稳固边防（
bo
rder
defense
）和开展海上贸易，派郑和下西洋（
the
Western Seas
）
。在此
后
的
28
年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有
10
多万人，访问了
30
多个国
家和地区。船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直到非洲大陆。郑和下西洋是世界航海（
navigation
）
史上的壮举，
它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能，
同时展现了明朝的国力和国威
（
national
strength and p
restige
）
，加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。
Zheng He was the most famous
maritime explorer in Chinese history. In 1405 AD,
the ruler
of the Ming Dynasty sent
Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order
to strengthen border
defense and
develop trade by sea. In the following 28 years,
Zheng He led his fleet, made seven
voyages to the Western Seas with over
100,000 crew members in total, and visited more
than 30
countries and regions. The
fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia,
and made all the way
to the continent
of Africa. Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas
were a great feat in the world's
navigation
history.
It
showed
Zheng
He's
outstanding
navigation
and
organization
talents;
meanwhile, it exhibited the national
strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and
strengthened
the relationships between
the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries.
Unit 4
–
Section B
?
Language Focus
–
Words in Use
1.
A heavy flood caused the
bridge to (collapse) now, no one can cross the
river without boats.
2.
Susan has been crying a lot since her
sister died a year ago; it seems that she could
never
(heal)
from the heavy loss.
3.
It's
sometimes
considered
bad
manners
to
(lean)
on
the
table
while
eating,
so
please
be
careful not to do so.
4.
After crying for some
time, she looked at her face (reflected) in the
mirror, only to find she
was such a sad
and plain-looking girl.
5.
I
had
to
hold
tightly
the
handrails
(
扶手
)
along
the
hall
to
keep
myself
from
losing
my
balance on the
(slippery) floor.
6.
The man phoned the police and later
went to the police station to look at photos to
(identify)
the robbers.
7.
The imperial examination system, which
started in the Sui Dynasty, was (abolished) in
1905.
8.
Many smokers choose
to (ignore) the fact that smoking is harmful to
health and refuse to stop
smoking.
9.
He no longer had a(n)
(aspiration) for further education because he
thought the costs were too
high.
10.
Although she often
seemed quite cold and strict, her smiling eyes
(betrayed) her true nature.
?
Language Focus
–
Expressions in Use
1.
Almost
everybody
needs
someone
to
(lean
on)
in
times
of
trouble.
That's
why
we
value
friendship so much.
2.
The taxi driver had to
(pull over) to the side of the road when a
policeman began to follow
him for
speeding.
3.
The
general
manager
(is
grateful
for)
the
generous
support
that
has
led
to
this
successful
result.
4.
The ditches
(
沟
) were (filled up with)
mud and garbage again after the pouring rain.
5.
When the match was over,
the football fans (broke through) the barriers and
rushed onto the
football field.
6.
Seeing a child running
across the street, the driver slammed on the
brakes and (1)
(brought)
his car (2)
(to a halt)
just in time to avoid an accident.
7.
The
key
is
to
do
your
work
with
a
certain
skill
and
hold
fast
without
(letting
go
of)
your
target.
8.
The blind old woman (held on) to the
little girl's hand tightly when they crossed the
street.
9.
I
was
not
keen
on
the
stage
play
at
all,
so
I
just
(turned
off)
and
started
to
exchange
text
messages with my friends.
10.
They wanted to make the
popular science fiction into a film, but another
studio (beat them to
it) .
?
Sentence structure
1.
(
和他一起站在农舍前面的是
) a
woman in an elegant dress.
Reference:
Standing alongside him in front of a farmhouse was
2.
(
棚屋里面挂着的是
) fruits
and vegetables, including apples, grapes and corn.
Reference: Hung inside the hut are
3.
The strange
man came into the house.
(
沾满了泥的是
) his
shoes.
Reference: Covered with mud were