-
毕业论文摘要，开头，结尾，致谢等常用语
1
．
以下短语和句型，作为撰写
摘要
时的参考：
(l)
This
paper(article,thesis)
presents(shows,
expresses).
.
.
本
文
提
出
……
(2)
This
paper(article)
holds(deems).
.
.
本文认为……
(3)This
paper
(
article)
discusses(
studies,
concerns,
deals
with,
tells
of)
.
.
.
本文讨论（研究）……
(4)
This
paper
(
article)
introduces ( reports,
explains, analyses, emphasizes,summarizes). . .
本文介绍
（报告、
解释、
分析、
强调、
总结）……
(5)This
paper(article)
argues(demonstrates).
.
.
本文论述（论证）……
(6)This
paper(article)
explores(probes
into).
..
本
文
探
讨
----
(7)This
paper(article)
elaborates
on(expounds). , .
本文详述（阐明）
)
，
．
，
，
．
，
(8)This paper
includes(covers, touches on). . .
本文包
括
（涉及）
。
。
。
。
。
(9)This paper
aims to(aims at)
…本文旨在…
(l0) This
paper
focuses
on.
.
.
本文集中研究…
(11)This
paper
tries(attempts)
to(makes
an
attempt
to)
…
本文试图
…
..
(12)This
paper
makes
a
comparison
of(makes
a
tentative
study,
makes
abrief
introduction
< br>to)
。
。
。本文
对……作了比较
（作了尝试性研究，
作了简介）
……
(13)This paper offers(gives) a
discussion of
(an overview of, an
analysis of)
。
。
。
。本文探讨（综述、分析）…
(14)This paper
develops the theory
of
…本文发展了…理论。
(15)
This
paper
considers
(deems)
in
necessary
(
available)
to..
.
本文认为…是必要的（有用的）
。
(16)This
paper
is
about(related
to).
.
.
本文对……进行研究。
(17) This
paper
is
a
criticism
of
the
theory of.
.
本文对…理论提出质疑（批评）
。
(18)This
paper
is presented as a counterargument of the paper by.
. .
本文是对
…
.
< br>一文的质疑。
(19)This paper,on the
basis o{. . reveals(illustrates). . .
本文在……基础上揭示（例证）
．
…
.
．
(20)Based on. * .
this paper first
categorizes. . . and
then tentatively sets out ..
本文以……为出发点，<
/p>
先对……进行分类，
然后提出。
……
(21)Centering
round.
.
.
this
paper
is
intended
to
explore
(probe
into)..
.
文围绕……试图探
讨…
(22)
…
is(are)
,in
this
paper,
referred
to
as. . .
of
which
an
analysis
of
…
is
made.
本文
把……看做……并对其进行…分析。
(23)
…
is (are)
touched (studied) as well in this
paper.
本文还
论及（研究）
(24) The purpose(objective)
of this paper is to review.
．
．本文的目的是评论…
(25)The author(writer) of this paper
holds( considers, deems, contends). .
.
本文作者认为
…
..
(26)The
author(writer) tries
to give an accoununt of.
.
作者试图说明
……
(27)ln this paper, the author(writer)
suggests(proposes).
.
.
作者在这篇文章里建议
……
(28)1n
this
paper,
we
point
out(
emphasize,
argue). . .
在这篇文章里，
我们指出
（强调）
…
．
．
(29)lt is
pointed out(deemed)
…
文章指出
（认为）
……
(30)An analysis is given
about
…
..
本文集中分析
…
..
(31)ln light of. . . theory, discussion
is
made
about. .
.
．
．本文从
……
的理论出发，讨论
…
..
Sample 1
Abstract
This
paper
attempts
to
apply
recent
theories
of
systemic
functional
linguistics
to
the
analysis
of
metaphorical
use
of
language
at
the
grammatical
level.
The
paper
first
gives
a
definition
of
pragmatic
metaphor
and
then
examines
two
major
kinds
of
pragmatic
metaphors:
dysphemistic
metaphors
and
euphemistic
metaphors.
The
former
means
the
use
of
good-sounding,
positive
and
polite
language
to
express
attitudes
of
disrespect
towards
the
listener
or
audience
in
commumcation.
The
latter,
on
the
contrary,
refers
to
the
use
of
aggressive,impolite
and
irregular
language
with
good,
friendly
and
even
affectionate feelings from the speaker.
2
．
作
结尾
（<
/p>
Conclusion
，
Summary
，
Finally
）
< br>，时，作者大都喜欢使用以下短语或句型：
(I)
To summarize,
it is. . . that. . .