-
2020
届北京市朝阳区高三一模
英语试题
在
阅读下列短文，
根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写
1
个
适当的单词，
给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With our graduation day around the
corner, I was busy preparing presents for my
friends.
As usual, I walked into the
classroom, only 1
．
(find) a big box standing there.
Approaching,
I saw my name
2
．
(write) on it.
I was quite shocked when the box
3
．
(open) and I
saw
“myself”, a vivid statue, sitting
inside smiling up at me. I was at a complete loss
for words. It
was the most unique,
unconventional present in my life.
在
阅读下列短文，
< br>根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写
1
个适当的单词，
给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Analysis
finds Earth’s magnetic(
有磁性的
)
field was in place by at least 3.7 billion
years ago, as early life arose.
Scientists think that having a magnetic
field 4
．
(make)
Earth more friendly to life. The
field,
5
．
is generated
by liquid iron moving about in the planet’s core,
protects Earth
6
．
energetic
particles(
粒子
)
flowing
from
the
Sun.
It
helps
the
planet
hold
on
to
its
atmosphere and maintain liquid water on its
surface.
在
阅读下列短文，
根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词
的空白处仅填写
1
个适当的单词，
给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Do you have a
mentor(
导师
) helping you make
decisions in your life? If you do, then
you are a very lucky person.
7
．
if not, then
read the book Tuesdays with Morrie.
It
tells the true story of the author, Mitch Albom,
and his dying former professor, Morrie
Schwartz. 8
．
you read this book, you will learn some
very meaningful lessons from a
professor dying from Lou Gehrig’s
disease. When Mitch visits Morrie every
Tuesday,
the
78-year-old
professor shares words of 9
．
(wise) about love, life, communication,
values, and
openness with his former
student. As a beautiful tale
10
．
(deliver)
many powerful lessons
about life, this
book should be high on everyone’s reading
list.
Gi
dda’s Team
The door closed behind Malik, making
Mama look up from the hot meal. “Just in time
试卷第
1
页，总
11<
/p>
页
for dinner. Will
you
11
Gidda, please?”
Gidda was staying in Malik’s bedroom.
He didn’t
12
giving up his room for his
82-year-old grandmother at
first
. But then she didn’t leave. Malik
13
over her
suitcase on the
floor. “Sorry,” Gidda said. “I’m just a
nuisance(
讨厌的人
) here. I’m
14
” Malik didn’t
answer as he helped her up from her
chair.
At dinner, Mama asked
Malik, “How’s your
15
with t
he
coach?”
Malik was captain of
school soccer team, and he had to discuss a
fundraiser with the
coach. They’d have
to raise hundreds of dollars to
16
their old
shirts, and that
seemed unlikely unless
Malik came up with a(n)
17
plan.
Unwillingly
, Malik said,
“It’s just team stuff.” Changing the
18
, Malik turned to
Gidda. “Do you want to go sit outside
after dinner?”
Gidda agreed.
In the soft warmth of the evening, Gidda settled
herself beneath the
enormous
fig(
无花果
) tree. “Feels like
home,”
she said. But Malik
19
, “It drops figs
everywhere.” Right then, a fig landed
on his head. Gidda laughed, picked it up, and took
a
20
.
“Perfect. Pick me a bunch. I’ll make fig
cakes.”
The next morning,
Malik found Gidda making fig cakes in the kitchen.
She offered him
one. Malik, hoping it
wasn’t too awful, put it in his mouth. His eyes
21
as
he chewed.
It was delicious. He eyed
the tree in the backyard. How many fig cakes could
it
22
?
Malik grabbed his phone and started
23
in
a rush of excitement. An hour later,
most of the soccer team gathered in the
kitchen, and ate up fig cakes.
“Gidda’s
Fabulous(
极好的
) Fig Cakes!”
Malik said. “We’ll
24
them! Gidda
said
they were easy to make; she’ll
25
us
how.”
At dinner that night,
Gidda shared their plan with Mama, smiling
26
as
she
repeated the title Malik gave on
her, “Team Grandmother.”
The
next day, the kitchen was full of
27
. Walking slowly among the
excited boys,
Gidda taught them to make
fig cakes. Soon the fig cakes piled up.
As Malik
28
, Gidda’s Fabulous Fig Cakes were a
huge hit and they were quickly
sold
out.
When the new
29
arrived just in
time for the opening game, Coach Garcia
invited Gidda to watch. She arrived
early, and waved at Malik. Then she turned
30
to
show off her shirt. On the back were
the words Team Grandmother.
11
．
A
．
watch
B
．
fetch
C
．
visit
试卷第
2
页，总
11
页
D
．
serve
12
．
A
．
allow
13
．
A
．
looked
14
．<
/p>
A
．
useless
< br>15
．
A
．
training
16
．
A
．
buy
17
．
A
．
brilliant
18
．
A
．
plan
19
．
A
．
repeated
20
< br>．
A
．
picture
21
．
A
．
widened
22
．
A
．
produce
23
．
A
．
running
24
．
A
．<
/p>
present
25
．
A
．
prepare
26<
/p>
．
A
．
prou
dly
27
．
A
．
tension
28
．
A
．
promised
29
．
A
．
socks
30
．
A
．
back
B
．
enjoy
B
．
handed
B
．
unlucky
B
．
appointment
B
．
replace
B
．
random
B
．
attitude
B
．
reported
B
．
test
B
．
moved
B
．
donate
B
．
texting
B
．
send
B
．
show
B
．
politely
B
．
hope
B
．
predicted
B
．
boots
B
．
away
C
．
consider
C
．
tripped
C
．
scared
C
．
negotiation
C
．
iron
C
．
original
C
．
subject
C
．
explained
C
．
bite
C
．
focused
C
．
deliver
C
．
shouting
C
．
sell
C
．
choose
C
．
shyly
C
．
praise
C
．
announced
C
．
uniforms
C
．
down
D
．
mind
D
．
turned
D
．
nervous
D
．
meeting
D
．
abandon
D
．
personal
D
．
way
D
．
complained
D
．
break
D
．
opened
D
．
exchange
D
．
thinking
D
．
reserve
D
．
write
D
．
bitterly
D
．
energy
D
．
identified
D
．
gloves
D
．
around
Music for Life Learning music is
important for the educational and personal
development of young people!
Learning an instrument: how
do pupils choose?
All our teachers are
highly qualified and experienced musicians, and
pupils can learn to
play a wide range
of instruments, from the keyboard to the
drums(
鼓
). We have open days
when new pupils who are unsure which
instrument to choose can come to the centre. They
are
able to speak to teachers about
which instrument might be best for them, and they
can also
see and hear classes in
action.
试卷第
3
页，总
11
页
Who
is responsible for buying the instruments?
Parents usually have to provide
instruments. But parents of beginners are advised
not to
buy an instrument until they are
told that a place is available. They should also
find out from
the teacher the most
suitable type of instrument to get.
When and where do lessons take place?
Lessons are available in many schools,
usually during the day. If there is no lesson
available for a particular instrument
in a particular school, other arrangements can be
made at
one of our music centres for
lessons on Saturday afternoons or weekday
evenings.
How are pupils taught?
Pupils can learn in small groups, in
classes or individually, depending on their needs.
Small groups of three pupils have
lessons that last thirty minutes. Class lessons
last forty-five
minutes and have at
least ten pupils. Individual lessons are offered
only to pupils who have
some
experience.
Starting young: when can
pupils begin?
Children are never too
young to become interested in music. We have
special “Musical
Youth” classes for
children from the age of 3 to 8. Th
ese
are designed to encourage young
children to enjoy music through a
variety of activities including singing, musical
games,
listening and movement. “Musical
Youth” classes take place on Saturday mornings
with
groups of about 18 children. A
parent or other adult must attend each session,
and they are
encouraged to sit with
their children and help them with the activities.
31
．
What can we
learn from the passage?
A
．
New pupils can
see classes on an open day.
B
．
Pupils can
learn special instruments on Sundays.
C
．
Parents must
accompany pupils during the learning process.
D
．
Teachers at the
centre can provide the right instruments for
pupils.
32
．
What
is the best choice for children with some
experience?
A
．
Lessons for
groups of ten.
C
．
Lessons for
small groups of three.
33
．
The passage is
intended for _____.
A
．
teachers
C
．
musicians
试卷第
4
页
，总
11
页
B
．
Individual
lessons.
D
．
Special
“Musical Youth” classes.
B
．
parents
D
．
pupils
Nenad Sestan was working in his office
one afternoon in 2016, when he heard his
lab members whispering with excitement
over a microscope. He realized something beyond
their expectations was happening.
The researchers, at Yale School of
Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, had found
electrical activity in brains taken
from dead pigs. With that shocking result, Sestan
realized
what had started as a side
project to find ways to better preserve brain
tissue for research had
changed into a
discovery that could redefine our understanding of
life and death.
The excitement soon
turned to concern, when the researchers thought
they saw
widespread, consistent
electrical activity which can indicate
consciousness(
意识
). Sestan
brought in a
neurologist, who determined the readout was
actually an error, but the possibility
had frightened them.
Sestan
kept his cool and immediately did two things: he
shut down the experiment and
contacted
the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), as
well as a Yale bioethicist(
生物伦理
< br>学家
). Over the next few months,
experts discussed the potential ethical
implications, such as
whether the
brains could become conscious and whether
physicians needed to reconsider the
definition of brain death.
They submitted the work to Nature. But
before the final paper was published, Sestan met
sharp criticism from the press. Some
even suggested that the researchers were
engineering
immortality(
永生
),
or maintaining a room full of living brains in
jars. Neither he nor his team
wanted to
discuss the results until the paper was out, but
as their inboxes filled with concerns
and anger from animal rights activists
and futurists, Sestan became depressed. He felt
all they
could do, however, was to hold
off on correcting public misunderstandings until
the expert
review process had run its
course.
Since the paper was published
in April, 2019, the team has been so busy fielding
q
uestions from the media and
scientists that it hasn’t performed any further
experiments.
Sestan wants to focus on
his original questions and explore how long the
brains can be
maintained and whether
the technology can preserve other organs.
“We want to get
outside opinion before we do anything,”
Sestan says. “When you
explore
uncharted territory, you have to be extremely
thoughtful.”
34
．
What happened
in the lab at Yale School of Medicine in 2016?
A
．
A better method
was found to maintain brain tissue.
B
．
Researchers
discovered how to redefine brain death.
试卷第
5
页，总
11
页
C
．
Brains from
dead pigs were accidentally discovered alive.
D
．
Researchers
arrived at the expected results of the experiment.
35
．
Why did Nenad
Sestan stop the experiment?
A
．
He needed
assistance with the final paper.
B
．
He spotted a
major mistake in the final result.
C
．
He was
frightened by the possibility of failure.
D
．
He was
concerned about the related moral issues.
36
．
What was
people’s reaction towards Nenad Sestan’s
experiment?
A
．
The press were
strongly opposed to the experiment.
B
．
Some people
supported the research on immortality.
C
．
Nobody wanted
to discuss the final result in advance.
D
．
The public took
a positive attitude towards the experiment.
37
．
How could we
best describe Nenad Sestan?
A
．
Responsible and
reliable.
C
．
Determined and
inspiring.
A butterfly’s
wings can have many jobs besides keeping the
insect high up in the air.
They may be
used to attract mates, or to warn potential
attackers to stay away. All of these
roles, though, depend on their
unchanging colouration. This plays into the idea
that butterfly
wings are dead tissue,
like a bird’s feathers. In fact, that’s not true.
For example, in some
species males’
wings have special cells releasi
ng some
chemicals which attract females.
B
．
Cooperative and
creative.
D
．
Professional
and cautious.
Nanfang Yu, a
physicist at Columbia University, in New York, has
been looking into the
matter. Together
with Naomi Pierce, a butterfly specialist at
Harvard University, he has now
shown,
in a paper published in Nature Communications in
February, 2020, that butterfly
wings
are, indeed, very much alive.
In their
experiments, the two researchers used a
laser(
激光
) to heat up spots
on the
wings of dozens of butterfly
species. When the temperature of the area under
the laser
reached 40°
C or
so, the insects responded within seconds by doing
things that stopped their
wings heating
up further. These actions included a butterfly
turning around to minimize its
试卷第
6
页，总
11
页
profile to the laser, moving
its wings up and down or simply walking away.
Butterflies engaged in all of these
heat-minimising activities even when the
researchers
blindfolded them. That
suggested the relevant sensors were on the wings
themselves. Dr Yu
and Dr Pierce
therefore searched those wings for likely looking
sensory cells. They found
some, in the
form of neurons(
神经元
) that
were similar to heat detectors known from other
insects. They also uncovered disc-
shaped cells that appeared to be similar to
pressure-sensitive neurons. They guess
that these are there to detect deformation of the
wing
—
information
an insect could use to control its flight pattern.
The third discovery they made to
contradict the “dead wing” idea was that some
butterfly wings have a heartbeat. A
butterfly’s wings have
veins(
静脉
). These carry a
bloodlike liquid which, researchers
have now found in males, shows a
pulse(
脉搏
) of several
dozen beats per minute. The source of
this pulse appears to be the
scent(
气味
) pad, a dark
spot on the wings that produces the
female-attracting chemicals. Apparently, this
“wing heart”
acts as a pump
that helps bloodlike liquid through the scent pad.
In all their experiments simulating
different environmental conditions, Dr Yu and Dr
Pierce consistently found that,
different parts of the wing are covered by
different sorts of
scales(
鳞屑
). In
particular, tubes pass through scales over the
scent pads. This improves their
ability
to spread heat away and helps keep the living
parts of a butterfly’s wings alive.
38
．
A bird’s
feathers are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to
_____.
A
．
introduce the
latest research findings on a bird
B
．
highlight the
special feature of a bird’s feathers
C
．
show common
knowledge about butterfly wings
D
．
stress the
difference between a butterfly and a bird
39
．
What can we
learn from Dr Yu and Dr Pierce’s
experiments?
A
．
Butterfly wings
are complicated living organs.
B
．
Butterfly wings
have little reaction to external heat.
C
．
The scent pads
on some male butterfly wings are their hearts.
D
．
Heat-minimising
activities help detect deformation of the wings.
40
．
What is the
function of scales over the scent pads?
A
．
Attracting
mates.
C
．
Covering
powerful tubes.
B
．
Increasing
blood flow.
D
．
Producing the
cooling effect.
41
．
Which of the
following would be the best title for the passage?
试卷第
7
页，总
11
页
A
．
Seeing Is
Believing
C
．
Nothing Seek,
Nothing Find
B
．
More Than Meets
The Eye
D
．
Fine
Feathers Make Fine Birds
Fact or
Fiction?
Non-fiction can be broken down
into many categories. One category is literary
non-fiction, which is still based in
fact but employs some of the storytelling elements
that
fiction uses. Literary non-fiction
includes a type of
autobiography(
自传
) called
memoir.
Memoir most often focuses on a
certain period of the author’s life. It is, by
definition, rooted
in truth. Still,
people sometimes question whether memoir should be
categorized as
non-fiction at all.
As non-fiction, memoir is intended to
be factual. Is this really the case, though,
considering memoir relies on human
memory? One classic study, led by psychologist
Elizabeth
Loftus, showed how easily an
interviewer’s choic
e of wording can
influence an
eyewitness’s account of a
traffic accident. It is therefore reasonable to
wonder whether
memoir should continue
to be branded as non-fiction.
Certainly,
human
memory can
be
unreliable.
However,
a
memoir
author
is undoubtedly writing about
significant and impactful life events. Memories of
such events
are actually more reliable
than others. Studies show that the more
influential an event is, the
more
accurately people recall the details. As an
emotionally charged event unfolds, the brain
activity changes in a way that
amplifies small details. This activity helps build
a more precise
and accurate memory.
Of course the brain is not a camera
that can “save” any memory with perfect accuracy.
But if memoir is questionable due to
the imperfections of the human mind, then critics
will
have to tackle non-fiction more
broadly. All writers are using their memories when
they
create, and moreover, they are
relying on the memories of others. Journalists
conduct
interviews to tell a news story
and history writers depend on the accuracy of
accounts from
long ago. Yet they all
rightfully fall under the umbrella of non-fiction.
Some people may doubt memoir not
because they mistrust human memory, but because
they mistrust the author’s
moral
ity. Critics may suspect an author
of making up events.
However, there is
no reason to be suspicious of memoir author’s
intentions. Writing a factual
memoir
that appeals to readers has the potential to be
profitable for the author, and there is no
motivation for a memoir writer to
knowingly change or beautify the truth.
试卷第
8
页，总
11
页
Looking beyond the
author’s own life events, memoir can inform
readers about the
world in the same way
that other non-fiction can. Memoir has a way of
relaying facts about
anything from an
occupation to brief fashion trends, all of it
meaningful to the author.
42
．
The author
introduces the topic in Paragraph 1 by _____ .
A
．
illustrating
why it is important to talk about memoir
B
．
listing some
interesting facts and features of memoir
C
．
defining key
terms that are discussed later in the passage
D
．
making a
comparison between autobiography and memoir
43
．
What does the
underlined word “amplifies” in Paragraph 3
probably mean?
A
．
Collects.
C
．
Enlarges.
44
．
We can learn
from the passage that _____.
A
．
critics argue
that a news story by a journalist is fiction
B
．
a memoir
author’s memory can be influenced by the
interviewees
C
．
memoir can’t
show readers facts about what an author
experienced
D
．
emotional
moments can cause the creation of more detailed
memories
45
．
According to
the passage, the author believes _____.
A
．
the most
profitable memoirs are those shown to be the most
factual
B
．
many
authors are untrustworthy, although many memoirs
are fact-based
C
．
memoir is
rightfully categorized under the umbrella of
literary non-fiction
D
．
memory is too
unreliable for memoir to be considered a type of
non-fiction
What Your Nose
Knows
Your sense of smell enriches your
experience of the world around you. Different
scents
can change your mood or
transport you back to a distant memory. Your
ability to smell also
plays a key role
in your health. 46
．
The things we smell are actually the
tiny molecules(
分子
) released
by substances all
around us. When we
breathe in these molecules, they stimulate
specialized sensory cells high
inside
the nose. 47
．
But
a given molecule can stimulate a combination of
these receptors,
creating a unique
representation in the brain. We perceive that
representation as a smell.
48
．
A
stuffy(
不通气的
) nose or a
harmless growth in the nose can block air and thus
scents from reaching the sensory cells.
Certain medications, like some blood pressure
pills,
试卷第
9
页，总
11
页
B
．
Ignores.
D
．
Absorbs.
can change smell, but these effects are
usually temporary. Your smell should come back
once
you’ve recovered or stopped the
medication. But some things can cause a
long
-lasting loss of
smell.
A head injury or virus, for example, can sometimes
damage the nerves related to smell.
49
．
According to Dr. Davangere Devanand, an
expert on
neurodegenerative(
神经变性的
)
diseases and smell loss, the main
reason appears to be that the functioning of the
brain
regions involved in smell and
memory becomes damaged as we grow older.
But problems with your ability to smell
may be more than normal aging. They can
sometimes be an early sign of serious
health conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease or
Alzheimer’s disease. Devanand’s group
is studying the relationships between smell
dysfunction and certain disease.
Researchers are also looking for ways
to avoid smell loss. Some studies suggest that
smell training may help you improve
your ability to distinguish and identify scents.
50
．
But
the question remains as to whether and
how this might work.
A
．
Many things can
cause smell loss.
B
．
People may have
lost their ability to smell before they notice it.
C
．
Each of these
sensory cells has only one type of scent receptor.
D
．
It may improve
your brain’s ability to interpret low levels of
scents.
people get
old
er, many of them couldn’t identify
certain kind of smell.
your
ability to smell declines, it can affect your
physical well-being and everyday safety.
with age, there is a decline in the
ability to smell to some extent in the nose, but
much
more in the brain itself.
51
．假设你是红星中学高三学生李
华。你的美国笔友
Jim
对中国文化十分感兴趣，你
在英文报纸
China Daily
上看到
“<
/p>
中华文化表情包设计大赛
(The
China Daily Emoji
Design Contest of
Chinese Cultural Symbols) ”
征集来自世界各地参赛作品
的活动，
请给他
写一封邮件，邀请他参加投稿，内容包括：
1.
介绍稿件要求；
2.
告知投稿时间和方式；
3.
询问对方意向。
注意
: 1.
词数不少于
50
；
2.
可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
试卷第
10
页，总
11
页
Dear Jim,
_
__________________________________________________
________________________
_______________
__________________________________________________
__________
_____________________________
______________________________________________
___________________________________________
________________________________
_______
__________________________________________________
__________________
_____________________
__________________________________________________
____
___________________________________
________________________________________
_____________
Yours,
Li Hua
52
．假设你是红星中
学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊
“<
/p>
英语园
地
”
写一
篇短文，讲述你在这个寒假居家自主学习的过程。
注意：词数不少于
60
。
<
/p>
________________________________________
___________________________________
____
__________________________________________________
_____________________
__________________
__________________________________________________
_______
________________________________
___________________________________________
______________________________________________
_____________________________
__________
__________________________________________________
_______________
________________________
__________________________________________________
_
_____________
试
卷第
11
页，总
11
< br>页
本卷由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后使用，答案仅供参考。
参考答案
1
．
to find
2
．
written/was
written
3
．
was
opened/opened
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要
讲述了即将毕业，
“
我
”
在给朋友们准备礼物，当
“
我
”
走进教室，
却发现一个大箱子站
在那里，里面是自己的雕像，这是对
“
我
”
来说最特别最珍贵的礼物了。
1
．
考查动词不定式。句意：像往常一样，我走进教室，却发现一个大箱子站在那里。分析
句
子可知，此处应用动词不定式作结果状语；
only to do sth.
是一个比较特殊的不定式结构，
常用于表示一种意想不到的结果。故填
to find
。
2
．考查时态和语态
/
非谓语动词。
此处动词
write
与其逻辑主语
“n
ame”
之间是被动关系，所
以可以用过去分词作后置定语；<
/p>
动词
saw
后可以加句子，
根据全文的时态用一般过去时可知，
此处也用一般过去时，所以此处也可以用
was
written
。故填
written/was
written
。
3
．考查时态和语态。此处动词
open
与其逻辑主语<
/p>
“the box”
之间是被动关系，根据全文的时
态用一般过去时可知，
此处也用一般过去时，
所以此
处可以用
was opened
，
表示
箱子被打开
了；也可以理解为箱子主动开了，用
open
的主动形式，时态用一般过去时，即
opened
。故
填
was
opened/opened
。
4
．
makes
5
．
which
6
．
from
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了磁场对地球的好处。
4
．
考查时态和主谓一致。
< br>句意：
科学家认为有磁场使地球对生命更加友好。
根据前
面的
“think”
可知，时态用一般现在时；从句的主语
“having a magnetic field”
表单数，所
以动词用第三人
称单数形式。故填
makes
< br>。
5
．考查非限制性定语从句
。分析句子可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，且空格处在从句
答案第
< br>1
页，总
14
页