-
1
、中国酒文化
Chinese Wine Culture
（
1
）中国人在
7000
年以
前就开始用谷物酿酒。
（
2
）总的来说
，不管是古代还是现代，酒
都和中国文化息息相关。
（
3
）长久以来，中国的酒文化在人们生活中一直扮演着重要的角
色。
（
4
）我们的祖先
在写诗时以酒助兴，在宴会中和亲朋好友敬酒。
（
5
）作为一种文化形
式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活中不可分割的部分，比如生
日宴会、送别晚宴、婚礼庆典等。
（
1
）
Chinese people began to
make spirits with grains seven thousand years
ago.
（
2
）
Generally
speaking
，
wine has a close
connection with culture in China
in
both ancient and modern times.
（
3
）
Chinese wine culture
has been playing
a quite important role
in Chinese people's life for a long time.
(4) Our Chinese
ancestors
used
wine
to
enjoy
themselves
while
writing
poetry,
or
to
make a
toast to their relatives and friends
during a feast.
(5)Wine
culture, as a kind of
culture form, is
also an inseparable part in the life of ordinary
Chinese people
such as birthday party,
farewell dinner, wedding, etc.
2
、
中国书法
Chinese Calligraphy
(1)characters
Chinese
calligraphy
is
not
only
a
traditional
Chinese
characters
writing
with
a
long
history,
but
also
an
art
of
self-
cultivation
and
self-
expression.
(2) Inner world
of the writer could be reflected with the help
of beautiful
Chinese script.
(3)Chinese calligraphy plays
an
important
role
in
Chinese
art,
for
it
has
influenced
other
Chinese
artistic
forms
like
classical
poetry,
sculpture,
traditional
music
and
dance,
architecture
and
handicrafts.
(4)As
a
treasured
artistic
form
of
Chinese
culture,
Chinese
calligraphy
is
enjoyed
by
people
throughout
the
world
and
is
becoming
more
and
more
popular.
(1)
中国书法历史悠久，
它不仅是汉字的传统书写形式，
也是体现自我修养和自我表达的
艺术。
(2)
作者的内心世界通过美妙的字体得
以体现。
(3)
书法在中国艺术中拥有举足轻重的
地位，因为它影响到了其它的中国艺术形式，比如古典诗歌、雕塑、传统音乐及舞蹈、建筑
及手工艺品。
(4)
作为传统的艺术瑰宝，中国书
法被全世界人民所喜爱，
且越来越受到欢迎。
3
、中国山水画
Landscape Painting
(1)
山水画一直以来都被誉为中国绘画的最高境界。
(2)
它品味高端，很受欢迎。
(3)
一般
意义上，中国山水画被认为是书法、绘画及诗歌的结合或延伸。
(4)
< br>汉语“山水”这个词由
“山”和“水”两个汉字组成，且与道教的哲学思想相联系
，它强调的是人与自然的和谐。
(5)
中国画家描绘的并不总是
真实的世界，他们呈现的是自己想象出来的风景，这些风景不
再只是对眼前世界的描绘，
而是画家内在思想的写照。
(6)
因此，人们认为欣赏山水画除
了
可以很好地了解画家的内心世界之外，还可以净化自己的灵魂。
（
1
）
L
andscape
painting
is
traditionally
considered
as
the
highest
form
of
Chinese
painting styles.
（
2
）
It
is very popular and is associated with refined
scholarly
taste.
（
3
）
Chinese
Landscape
painting
in
general
is
seen
as
a
combination or extension of
calligraphy, painting, and poetry.
（
4
）
The
Chinese
term for “landscape” is made up
of two characters meaning “mountains and
water”. It is linked with the
philosophy of Daoism, which em
phasizes
harmony
with the natural world.
（
5
）
Chinese artists do not usually paint real
place but
imaginary
landscape
which
is
no
longer
about
the
description
of
the
visible
world, but a means of conveying the
inner mind.
（
6
）
People therefore believe
that
lo
oking at landscape painting is a good
way to realize the artist’s inner
heart
as well as a way to purify their souls.
4
、
中国戏曲
Chinese Opera
（
1<
/p>
）在中国，戏曲是一种很流行的戏剧形式，一般来说，可以追溯到唐朝时期，当时的皇
帝唐玄宗创立了“梨园”。
（
2
）如今，许多外国人也很喜欢中国的戏曲。
（
3<
/p>
）最吸引他们
的则是戏曲的独有风格
—画
脸谱，
它不仅是戏曲中的一大亮点，
同时还要求独特的绘画技艺
。
（
4
）每个演员脸上夸张的扮相代表
其扮演角色的性格和命运。
（
5
）熟知
戏曲的观众通过观
察演员的脸谱和服装就可以知道角色背后的故事。
（
6
）通常，红色脸谱代表忠诚与勇敢；
< br>黑色代表凶猛；黄色和白色代表口是心非；金色和银色代表神秘。
（
7
）对于中国人，特别
是老年人，欣赏戏曲是他们的
一大乐趣。
（
1
）
Chinese opera is a popular form of
drama in China. In general, it dates back
to
the
Tang
Dynasty
with
Empero
r
Xuanzong,
who
founded
the
“Pear
Garden”.
（
2
）
Now
Chinese
opera
is
warmly
welcomed
by
many
foreign
people.
（
3
）
What appeals
foreigners most might be the distinctive style of
facial
make-up,
which
is
one
of
the
highlights
and
requires
distinctive
techniques
of
painting.
（
4
）
Exagge
rated
designs
are
painted
on
each
performer's
face
to
symbolize
a
character's
personality,
and
fate.
（
5
）
Audiences
who are familiar with opera can know the story by
observing the
facial painting as well
as the costumes.
（
6
）
Generally, a red face
represents
loyalty and bravery; a black
face, rough yellow and white faces, duplicity;
and
golden and silver faces, mystery.
（
7
）
For
Chinese, especially older folks, to
listen to opera is a real pleasure.
5
、
京剧
Peking Opera
（
1
）京剧是中国的一种传统艺术。
(2)
它是
中国戏曲的一种，诞生于于
1790
年四大徽班
（
Four Great Anhui Troupes
）入京表演的时候
。
19
世纪中期<
/p>
得到快速发展，到清朝达到全盛
阶段。
(
3)
京剧被看成是中国的文化瑰宝之一。
(4)
虽然它被称为京剧，但是它的起源地却是
中国的安徽省和湖北省。
(5)
京剧起初是一种宫廷表演艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。
(6)
在数百年前，京剧作为一种新的戏曲形式，无论在哪里进行表演，都饱
受欢迎。
（
7
）而在
< br>现代社会中，包括京剧在内的传统戏曲却不大能被年轻人接受，面临着巨大的生存危机。
< br>
（
1
）
Peking opera is a traditional art in China.
（
2
）
It
is a kind of Chinese opera
which was
born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to
Beijing in 1790,
arose in the mid-19th
century and was extremely popular in the Qing
Dynasty.
（
3
）
Peking opera is widely regarded
as one of the cultural treasures of China.
（
4
）
Although it is called Beijing opera, its
origins are in the Chinese provinces
of
Anhui and Hubei.
（
5
）
Peking opera was
originally staged for the court and
came into the public later.
（
6
）
Hun
dreds of years ago, as a new drama form,
wherever it was performed, it would be
warmly welcomed.
（
7
）
Unfortunately,
in the modern world, traditional operas
including Peking Opera have to face
the
existential
crisis,
because
they
are
not
easily
accepted
by
younger
generations.
6
、
昆曲
Kunqu Opera
(1)
昆曲是中国古老戏曲中的一种，起源于江苏昆山，拥有
600
多年的历史。
(
2)
它是连接
过去与现在，中国与世界的纽带，对现今中国的戏曲形式，包括川剧与京剧在内
，
都产生了
重要的影响。
(3)
昆曲蕴含了各种意象美，从音乐、舞蹈到诗歌，人们的精神世界甚至
中国
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