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1.
必修四
Module1 The
City of the Future
未来城市
What will the city of the future look
like?
未来的城市会是什么样子呢？
No
one
knows for sure, and making
predictions is a risky business.
没有人确切的
了解，
预测
也是一件很危险的事情。
B
ut one thing is certain---they are going to get
bigger
before they get
smaller.
但是有一件事情是可以肯定的
---
他们将会先变大，
然后再
变小。
In the future, care
for the environment will become very important as
earth's
natural resources run out.
在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临
枯竭。
We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass,
wood and paper, and we will waste fewer
natural resources.
我们将会使用大量的可
回收材料，例如，塑料、铝、钢铁、玻璃、木头和纸。我们浪费自然资源的程度
将会有
所减弱。
We will also have to rely more on
alternative energy, such as solar
and
wind power.
我们也将不得不更多地依赖其他能源
。
例如，
太阳能和风能。
All
this seems certain, but
there are plenty of things about city life in the
future which are
not certain.
所有的这些似乎是肯定的，
但是还有许多关于城市生活的事情仍是未
知的。
To find out what
young people think about the future of urban life,
a teacher at a
university in Texas in
the United States asked his students to think how
they would
run a city of 50,000 people
in the year 2025.
为了获知年轻人对未来
城市生活的想
法，
美国得克萨斯州的一位大学老师让他的学生思
考如何管理一个在
2025
年拥
有<
/p>
5
万人口的城市，
Here are some of the ideas they
had:
下面是他们的一些构想
:
Garbage ships To get rid of garbage
problems, the city will load huge spaceships with
waste materials and send them towards
the sun, preventing landfill and environmental
problems.
垃圾船
:
为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，
城市将会用巨型宇
宙飞船装载废弃
材料，朝太阳射，这样做防止了垃圾填埋和环境间题。
< br>
Batman
Nets
：
Police will arrest
criminals by firing nets instead of
guns.
勤务兵网
:
警察逮捕罪犯时，将会向罪犯射出网状物而不是用枪。
Forget smoking
：
No
smoking will be allowed 'within a future city's
limits. Smoking
will be possible only
outside cities, and outdoors.
戒烟
:
在未来城市范围内将禁止吸
烟。只有在郊区和户外才允许吸烟。
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Forget the
malls
：
In the future all
shopping will be done online, and catalogues will
have voice commands to place
orders.
告别商厦
:
将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，
商品目录将会有语音指令来排序。
Telephones for
life
：
Everyone will be given
a telephone number at birth that will
never change 'no matter where they
live.
电话人生
:
每个人一出生就会给予一个电
话号码，将来无论他们居住在哪儿，这个电话号
码都不会更改。
Recreation
：
All
forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling,
softball, concerts and
others, will be
provided free of charge by the city.
娱乐
:
所有的娱乐形式，例如，电
影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等都将由该市政府免费提供。
Cars
：
All cars
will be powered by electricity, solar energy or
wind, and it will be
possible to change
the color of cars at the flick of a
switch.
汽车
:
所有的汽车部将由
电能、
太阳能或风能提供动力，<
/p>
并且只要轻轻按一下开关就能够改变汽车的颜色。
Tele-
surgery
：
Distance surgery
will become common as doctors carry out operations
from thousands of miles away, with each
city having its own tele-surgery outpatient
clinic.
远程手术
:
随着每个城市拥有自己的远程手术门诊部，医生将能在数千里
以外实施手术，远程手术将会变得十分普通。
Holidays at
home
：
Senior citizens and
people with disabilities will be able to go
anywhere in the world using high-tech
cameras attached to their head.
居家度假
:
年
长的市民和残疾
人通过使用绑在头上的高新技术相机可以周游世界。
Space
travel
：
Travelling in space
by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city
will
have its own spaceport.
太空邀游
:
普通市民邀游太空将会变得很平常，每个城市都
将有自己的太空港。
2.
必修四
Module 2
Getting Around in
Beijing
行在北京
Taxis
出租车
Taxis are on the streets 24 hours a
day.
北京大街上的出租车是
24
小时服务的。
Simply raise your hand. and a
taxi appears in no time.
只要你招招手，
立刻就会有出
租车。
They are
usually red, and they display the price per
kilometer on the window.
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它们通常都
是红色车身，并且在车窗上显示每公里的路价。
You should check
the
cab has a business permit, and make
sure you ask for a receipt.
你要做的，就是确认
司机有营运照，并且索要发票。
Buses and
trolleybuses
公交车和电车
Public transport provides
a cheap way to get around in Beijing.
公
共交通为人们游
览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。
There
are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in
Beijing, but they can get very crowded.
北京大约有两万多辆公交车和电车，
但是，
它们有时会很拥挤。
It's a good idea to avoid
public transport during the rush
hour(6:30 am and 8:00 am and 5:00 pm
and 6:30 pm).
最明智的做法是避免在高峰
期
(
上午
6:00
一
8:00
，下午
5:00
一
6:30)
乘坐公交车
和电车。
Fares are cheap,
starting at 1 yuan.
这些车车票价格便宜，一元起价。
Air-
conditioned buses cost
more.
空调车则要贵一些。
Buses
numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the
city centre.
公交线
1
到
100
路部是仅限于市中心内的，<
/p>
Higher numbers have
destinations in the suburbs.
车号
< br>更高一些的线路，可以通达郊区。
Tourists shouldn't
miss the 103 bus which offers
one of
the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden
City and the White Pagoda in
Beihai
Park.
对于游人来说，最不该错过的是
103
路电车，它途经紫禁城和北海
白塔，
沿途风景令人
印象深刻。
If you get on a double-decker bus,
make sure you sit
upstairs.
如果你乘坐双层公共汽车，请务必坐在上层，
You'll
have a good view of
the rapidly
changing city.
这样你会一览这个飞速发展城市的亮丽风景。
Most buses run from about 5:00 am to
midnight. However, there is also a night bus
service, provided by buses with a
number in the 200s.
Minibuses
小公共汽车
Minibuses with seats for12 passengers
offer an alternative to expensive taxis and
crowded public transport in some areas.
在一些地区，
这种
12
个座位的小型公共汽
车给人们在昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共汽车外，提供了第三
种选择。
They run
regular
services and follow the same routes as large
public buses.
它们跟大公共汽
车走同样的路线
，提供有规律的服务。
And in a minibus you always
get a seat even
in rush
hours.
在小公共汽车上，即使在高峰期也能找到空位。
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Underground
地铁
There are four underground lines in
Beijing, and several lines are under construction.
北京有四条地铁线，还有几条线也正在建设之中。
Trains
are fast and convenient,
but rush hours
can be terrible.
地铁方便快捷，但在高峰期，情况会很糟糕。
A
one-way trip costs 3 yuan.
地铁票价单程为三元，
Station names are
marked in
pinyin.
站名拼音标注，
The underground is
open from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm.
< br>运营时
间为上午
5
点到晚上
11
点。
Pedi cabs
三轮脚踏车
Tourists like these human-pedaled
游客们
喜欢这些人力驱动的
三轮脚踏车
，但价格可能会较贵。
Y
ou should talk to the
driver, and make
sure you know the price before you begin the
journey, for example,
if it is per
person, single or return.
因此
坐之前要先弄清楚价格，明确价钱是否按
人数计算、是单程还是往返双程的问题。
Tricycles are worth using if
you want to
explore the narrow alleys
(hutong) of old Beijing.
如果想去老北京的胡同探秘，
三轮
脚踏车绝对是值得一坐的。
3.
必修四
Module 3
Body language
身势语
If you say the word
Although
these are very important, we communicate with more
than just spoken and
written words.
Indeed, body positions are part of what we call
说起
交流
，大多数人会想到单词或句子，虽然单词与句子十分重要，但我们并不只
是用口语和书面语进行交流，身体的姿态是我们所称的
身势语<
/p>
的一部分。
We
see examples of unconscious body
language very often, yet there is also
body language, which varies from
culture to culture.
我们经常看到无意
识的身势
语，但也有
“
习得
”
的身势语。习得的身势语在不同的文化中各不相同。
We use
当我们被介绍
给生人时，我们使用
<
/p>
习得的
身势语。
Like other animals, we are
on guard until
we know it is safe to
relax.
跟动物一样，我们会保持警觉，直至知道安全的时候
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才放松。
So every
culture has developed a formal way to greet
strangers, to show
them we are not
aggressive.
因此，在所有的文化中人们都有一种
向陌生人打招呼
的正规的方式，以表示他们并不具有侵犯倾向。
Traditionally, Europeans and
Americans shake hands.
欧美人的传统是握手，
They do this with
the right
hand---the strongest hand for
most people.
他们用右手握手
< br>---
右手对多数人来说更
有力一些。
< br>
If our right hand is busy greeting
someone, it cannot be holding a weapon.
假如右手用于忙着与人打招呼就不可能握武器。
So the gesture is saying,
you. Look, I'm not carrying a
threatening weapon.
因此，
这种手势的意思是
我信
任你，
瞧，
我没带威胁性的武器
，
If you shake hands with someone, you
show you
trust them.
假如你和人握手，就是在表明你信任他们。
We shake hands when we
make
a deal. It means,
我们在做交易时与人握
手，意思就是
我们达成了协议，相互信任
Greetings in Asian countries do
not involve touching the other person, but they
always involve the hands.
亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的，但他们要用手。
Traditionally in China, when we greet
someone, we put the right hand over the left
and bow slightly.
与人打招呼时，中国人
的传统方式
;
右手放在左手上，拱手，稍
稍躬身而行礼。
Muslims give a
forehead.
穆斯林行额手鞠躬礼，
用手触左胸、
嘴和额。
Hindus join
their hands
and bow their heads in
respect.
印度，双手交合，恭敬地鞠躬。
In
all of these
examples, the hands are
busy with the greeting and cannot hold a
weapon.
在上述例
子中，手部在忙于打招呼，
不可能拿武器。
Even
today, when some people have very informal styles
of greeting, they still use
their hands
as a gesture of trust.
即使是现在
，人们在非正式场合打招呼时，还会
用手来表示信任对方。
American youths often greet each other
with the expression,
美国青年常常说，
击掌
来打招呼。
One person then holds up
his
hand, palm outwards and five
fingers spread.
说完后这个人举起手，手掌
向外，五
指展开。
The
other person raises his hand and slaps the other's
open hand above the
head in a
另一个人同样举起手，
拍打对方举过头顶的手。
Nowadays, it
is quite a common greeting.
这是现代常见的打招呼方式。
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Body
language is fascinating for anyone to study.
身势语对于任何研究者来说都具
有吸引力。
Peo
ple give away much more by their gestures than by
their words.
人们
通过
姿势表达的意思要比通过话语表达巧更多。
Look at
your friends and family
and see if you
are a mind reader!
看看你的朋友和家人，你能洞悉他们的心思吗<
/p>
?
4.
必修四
Module 4 The
Student Who Asked
Questions
问问题的学生
In a hungry w
orld rice is a
staple food and China is the world’s largest
producer.
在
当前的世界，
水稻是主要食粮。
中国是世界上最大的水稻产地。
Rice is also grown
in
may other Asian countries, and in some European
counties like Italy.
亚洲其他国
家和一些欧洲国家比如意大利等，也种植水稻。
In the rice-growing world, the
Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is a
leading key.
在水稻种植界，
中国科学家袁隆<
/p>
平是一位重要人士。
Yuan
Longping was born and brought up in China.
袁隆平生长在中国。
As a boy he
was educated in many schools and was
given the nickname,
questions
小时候，他在许多学校读过书，得了个
“
问问题的学生
”
的绰号。
From an early age he was interested in
plants.
袁隆平从小就对植物感兴趣。
He
studied agriculture in college and as a
young teacher he began experiments in crop
breeding.
他在大学里研究农学。作为一个年轻的教
师，他开始了作物育种的实
验。
He thought
that the key to feeding people was to have more
rice and to produce it
more
quickly.
他想，养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产水稻。
He thought there
was only
one way to do this -----by crossing different
species of rice plant, and then
he
could produce a new plant which could give a
higher yield than either of the
original plants.
他认为，唯一的办法是使不同种类的水稻杂交，这样就能产生比
原先任何一种水稻产量部
要高的新品种。
First Yuan Longping
experimented with different types of rice.
首先，
袁隆平对不同
种类的水稻进行实验。
The results of his experiments were published in China in
1966.
1966
年，他的研究成果在中国发表。
Then he
began his search for a special
type of
rice plant.
接着，
他开始寻找一种特殊的稻种。
It had to be male. It had to be
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