最新2020年高一英语必修一课文原文及翻译.doc

高一英语必修一课文原文及翻译

高一英语必修一课文原文及翻译（一）

the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five

to

seven

million

people

spoke

English.

Nearly

all

of

them

lived

in

England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to

conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be

spoken

in

many

other

countries.

Today,

more

people

speak

English

as

their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English

speakers can understand each other even if they

don

’

t speak the same

kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to

see my flat? American Amy: Yes.

I

’

d like to come up to you apartment. So why has English changed

over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet

and communicate with each other. At fist the English spoken in England

between

about

AD

450

and

1150

was

very

different

from

the

English

spoken today. It was base more on German than the English we speak at

present. Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became

less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and

later

French.

These

new

settlers

enriched

the

English

language

and

especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600

’

s Shakespeare was able to make

use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers

moved to America.

Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia

to.

English

began

to

be

spoken

in

both

countries.

Finally

by

the

19th

century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English

spelling

happened:

first

Samuel

Johnson

wrote

his

dictionary

and

later

Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language.

The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.

English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South

Asia.

For

example,

India

has

a

very

large

number

of

fluent

English

speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time

English

became

the

language

for

government

and

education.

English

is

also

spoken in

Singapore

and

Malaysia

and

countries in

Africa

such

as

South Africa. Today

the number of people learning English in China is

increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English

learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will

tell.

英语

Reading

通向现代英语之路

16

世纪末期大约有

5

百万到

7

百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都生活在英国 。后来，在

17

世纪英

国人开始航海征 服了世界其它地区。

于是，

许多别的国家开始说英语

如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，

他们有 的是作为第一语言

来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。

以英语作为母语的人，即使他

们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流 。

请看以下例子：

英国人贝蒂：

“

请到我的公寓

(flat)

里来看看，好

吗

?”

美国人 艾米：

“

好的。我很乐意到你的公寓

( apartment)

去。

”

那

么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢

?

事实上，当不同文化互相

交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公 元

450

年到

1150

年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。

当时的 英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。然后，

渐渐地，大约在公元

年到

1150

年期 间，英语不那么像德语了。

因为那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。

这些新的定居者

大大丰富了英语语言，特别是在词汇方面。所以到

17

世纪，莎士比

亚所用的词汇量比以前任何 时期都大。在

1620

年，一些英国人搬迁

到美洲定居。后来，到了

19

世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳 大利亚，

两个国家的人都开始说英语了。

最后，

到

20

世纪，

英语才真正定形。

那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先，塞缪尔