-
It
做形式宾语用法总结
当不定式
（短语）
、
动名词
（短语）
或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，
为保持句子结构平衡，
避免句式结构的混乱，常用
it
作形式宾语，而将真正的宾
语放在句尾，构成
“
动词＋
it
＋宾
语补足语＋不定式（动名词或从句）
”<
/p>
结构，也可称作“
6123
结构”
。此时
it
仍只起先行引
导作用，本身无词义。它可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。
it
作形式宾语时，需具备两个条件：
①
真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句
;
②
有宾语
补
足语，具备了这两个条件，形式宾语
it
一定要用。
⒈
it
代替不定式短语
think/
find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard…+ it +
形容词
/
名词
+
不定式
短语
如：
①
I
find it pleasant to work with him.
(it
作形式宾语，代替不定式短语
to work with
him)
②
They felt it difficult
to finish the work in such a short time.
（
it
作形式宾语，代替不定式短语
to finish the
work in such a short time
）
③
She thinks it her duty to
help us.
（
it
作形式宾语，代替不定式短语
to help
us
）
④
I
think it my honor to be invited to speak here.
（
it
作形式宾语，代替不定式短语
to be invited
to speak here
）
⑤
Tom didn’t find it
difficult to write letters i
n Chinese.
（
it
作形式宾语，代替不定式短语
to write
letters in Chinese
）
⑥
All these noises made it
impossible for me to go on with the work.
（
it
作形式宾语，代替不定式短语
to go on with
the work
）
⒉
it
代替动名词短语
(
这只限于少数
句型，在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些
)
如：
①
The professor considers it
no good reading without understanding.
②
Do you consider it any good
trying again?
③
He found it useless( no
use) arguing with him.
④
He thought it absolutely
senseless attempting the impossible.
⑤
I don’t think it worthwhile
going to such a place.
⒊
it
代替宾语从句：
如：
①
We
all thought it a pity that the conference should
have been cancelled.
②
I took
it for granted that they were not
coming.
③
I’ll see to it that
everything is ready in time.
“it”
的特殊用法常出现在以下几种结构中。
A.
动词＋
it
＋
when / if
从句。常见于
appreciate, enjoy,
like, dislike, love, hate,
prefer
等少
数动词之后。
We would much appreciate it
if you could do us that favour.
I'd
prefer it if I didn't have to finish the work.
B.
动词
+ it +
that
从句。
常见于
like,
take, have, put
等少数动词之后
（
it
相当于
that
从句
的
同位语）
。
I take it that they will
succeed sooner or later.
The newspapers
have it that some Japanese firms have gone
bankrupt.
Rumor has it that Mary is
getting married.
I take it
that you have been out.
Let me come and
stay. You can put it that it was arranged before.