-
介词的用法
p>
一
.
表示时间日期的介词
< br>
1
.
at
:主要表示方向、场所、时间的某一点
at
the
corner
of
the
street
,
at
dinner
,
at
sixty
miles
an
hour
,
be
sold
at
three
yuan
a
dozen
,
come at us
固定搭配:
at
one
time
,
at
the
beginning
of
,
at
the
post
office
,
at
the
airport
,
at
the
weekend
,
at the
age of 25
,
at the same
time
,
at
present
,
at any time
,表示原因,表示“见
/
闻……而”。
at the news
at
主要表示时间点
表示特定的时间
at night a.m.
在九点钟
表示不确定的时间
at night, at that
time, at
Christmas
在圣诞期间
当天
on
表示年龄段
at the age of eight
在
8
岁
2
.
in
:表示场所、时间与期限、状况、方向。主要用来表示较长的时间单位,如月份、季节、
年份等
in the 1990s in the late
19th century
形成“in+时段名词”的词组或固定搭配
in those days
,
in
the daytime
,
in a short
while
,
in no
time
,
in time
.in
主要表示时间段
一般指相对较长的时间段里
in
the morning, in spring, in the past ten years
在…时间之后,用于将来时
He
will be back in a month.
介词
i
n
在短语或句型中的省略:
1) <
/p>
某些形容词
/
过去分词后接
v-ing
形式时,
v-ing
形式前的介词
in
可以省略。
be busy (in) doing be engaged (in)
doing
(忙于……)
2) <
/p>
某些动词如
busy
等,常与反身代词连
用,其后的
in
也可以省略。
busy oneself (in) doing
3)
某些动词如
spend
、
pass
、
wast
e
等与表示时间的名词连用,后面的介词也可以省略。
spend time (in) doing waste time (in)
doing
4)
在
have
no
difficulty
in
doing
sth.
、
have
no
trouble
in
doing
sth.
、
have
no
business
in
doing
sth.
等句型中介词也可以省略。
5)
在句型
There is no
use (in)doing sth.
中,介词也可省略。
固定搭配:
in
the
world
,
in
(the)future
,
in
the
snow
/rain
/
storm
,
in
ink
,
in
short
,
in
public
,
in one’s opinion,
in modern
times
,
in
surprise
,
in a
queue
,
in the open air
3
.
on
:主要表示在上面、根据或基础、有关或涉及的方面、表示某天。
固定搭配:
on doing
sth.
,
on the afternoon of
October
,
on Tuesday
evening
,
on
foot
,
hit sb.
on
the
head
,
on
the
right/
left
,
on
fire
,
on
duty
,
on
sale
,
on
the
radio
,
on
show
,
on
earth
,
on one’s
own
注意:一般带有宗教色彩的节日名词前面用
at
,如圣诞节。
一般
的节日名词前用
on
。
on
主要指具体某一天
表示是具体的日期和星期
on
Monday, on October 1
st
,1949.
on my birthday
某一天特定的上午下午或半夜
on the night
of December 31,1999. on a fine day
在第几天
on her first day to
school, on the tenth day I was in
Beijing.
4
.
by
主要表示接近、时限、动作的执行者、方式。
固定搭配:
by the
village
,
by
oneself
,
by foot(=on
foot)
,
by
hand
,learn … by heart,
二
.
p>
表示地点,方位的介词
5
.
for
主要表示目的、原因、交换值以及时间和距离的长度。
固定搭配:
make sth. for
sb.
,
thank sb. for
sth.
,
for
example
,
for
sale
,
for
free
,
for
表示一段时间
表示一件事延续的长短
,
一般接具体的时间
I have lived in Nanjing for 2 years.
6
.
of
表示部分与全体的关系、所有关系、来源和所用的材料。
of
所有格表示的多种关系:
1
)
从属关系:
the wheel of the car
2
)
局部<
/p>
----
整体关系:
some of
the water
3
)
量化关系:
a cup of tea
4
)
描述关系:
a professor of
learning
(知识丰富的教授)
5
)
同位关系:
the city of Beijing
6
)
动宾关系:
the study of the
map
(研究地图)
7
)
主谓关系:
the determination of
the workers
(工人们的决心)
固定搭配:
be fond
of
,
make fun
of
,
be tired of
,of
one’s own,
instead
of
,
7
.
to
主要表示方向、程度、结果、关系和位置。
固定搭配
to one’s surprise / joy/
astonishment,
to the east
of
,key to…,
come up
to
,
add up
to
,
be open to the
public
,
thanks
to
,
stick
to
,
refer to
表示一段时间
在…期间内,强调在此期间内发生了什么事
y
I studied in
this university for 4 years, during that time most
of my time was spent in
learning
English.
可接表示时间延续一段时间的名词
during my
visit to China, during my holiday
与
to,
till
连用
Most people work from nine to five.
多数人过着朝九晚五的生活
,
since+
时间
点
从那一刻起,与现在完成与过去完成时连用
He has been here since last
Sunday.
自从上星期天起,她就在这里
四、
容易错、常考的介词及搭配
1
.
be made
of
,
be made
from
,
be made
into
,
be made in
2
.
call on =
visit
,
call for = go and pick
up
3
.
on business
(出差)
/
strike
()罢工
/
duty
(值日)
/ holiday / fire /
vacation / watch
(警戒)
/
sale
(出售)
/
leave
(请假)
/
guard
(警戒)
4
.
have some
trouble / difficulty (in) doing
sth.
,
have a habit / idea /
plan of doing sth.
5
.
A is pleased
to B
,
B is pleased with
A
(对……感到满意)
7
.
with the help
of
,
under the leadership of
8
.
by means
of
(使用)
,
by way
of
(经由)
,
by
heart
(记住)
,
by the
way
9
.
out of que
stion
(毫无疑问)
,
out
of the question
(毫不可能)
10
.
prevent /
stop / keep sb. from doing sth.
11
.
be thankful
to sb. for sth.
12
.
steal sth.
from sb.
,
rob sb. of sth.
13
.
insist on
doing sth.
,
persist in doing
sth.
,
stick
to
,
go on doing sth.
14
.
set about
doing sth.
,
set out to do
sth.
15
.
look sb. in
the face
,
hit sb. on the
face
,
lead the cow by the
nose
16
.
do a
favour for sb. = do sb. a favour
五、
介词的惯用型
1
.
above
all
(首先)
,
after
all
,
at
all
(全然)
,
in all
2
.
day after
day
,
year after
year
,
one after
one
,
one after another
3
.
at
peace
(和平)
,
at
war
(战争)
,
at
times
(时常)
,
at
dinner
4
.
by
oneself
,
by all means
< br>(尽一切办法、务必)
,
by
chance
,
by
accident
,
by no
means
(决不、并没有)
,
by
means of
(用、依靠)
,
by the way
5
.
in her
teens
(十几岁)
,
in
pain
,
in
danger
,
in need
6
.
to
one’s joy / sorrow / surprise
7
.
with
care
(仔细地)
,
with
joy / pleasure
(高兴地)
,with
one’s help,
with
the
best
wishes
p>
(致以我们良好的祝愿)
,
without
difficulty
(毫不困难地)
,
without
exception
(毫不例外)
,
without
delay
(立即、马上)
8
.
according
to
(依据)
,
along
with
(和……一起)
,
as
to
(至于……)
,
because
of
,
except for
(除……
之外)
,
instead
of
(代替)
9
.
out of
order
(不正常)
,
out of
date
,
out of
trouble
(脱离困境)
,
out
of sight
,
out of
debt
(还清了债务)
,
out
of touch
(没有联系)
10
.
at the bottom
of
,
at the centre
of
,
at the end
of
,
at the top
of
,
at the cost
of
(以……为代价)
at the sight
of
,
at the thought
of
,
at a speed of
11
.
in memory
of
(纪念)
,
in favour
of
(同意)
,
in the
habit
of
(有……习惯)
,
in
touch
with
(与……保持联系)
,
on
the left of
,
on the eve
of
(在……前夕)
12
.
from time to
time
(不时地)
,
from
day to day
(天天)
,
from hand to
hand
(一个传一个)
,
from
side to
side
(左右地)
,
from
car to car
(一个车厢一个车厢地)
,
from bad to worse
(越来
越差)
,
from beginning to
end
(从头到尾)
,
from
hand to
mouth
(仅能糊口)
,
from
head to foot
,
from start to
finish
,
from one to
another
六
.
掌握方式、手段、工具的表达方法
1
)
in
+
文字、语言、材料名词
in
English (ink, pencil, capital letters) write in
pen,
用钢笔写
speak in a low
voice
小声
说话
2
)
with
+
工具、机器;人体器官;情绪、情感、态度的名词
with a branch, with one’s nose, with
pride, with satisfaction,
with the help of, with one’s
permission
We
can see with our eyes and write with our hands.
I killed a fly with a fly
flap.
我用苍蝇拍打死了一只苍蝇
3
)
by
表示泛指的方式、手段
by
bus, by land, by means
of
(用……方法)
, by way
of
(经由)
, by doing sth.,
by
hand
(手工)
, by
post
(由邮局传递)
, by
letter
(用写信的方式)
, by
electricity, by hard
work, by the year,
by the hour
(
by + the +
单位名词)
按……
4
)
其它表示方式(情况、状况、手段)的表示法
through the radio / by radio / on the
radio, through / by / from practice,
by
telephone
(on
the
telephone),
on
foot,
on
the
train,
in
satisfaction,
in
surprise,
in
silence,
in a low voice, in
comfort, in sorrow, in high / good / poor spirits,
in anger, in safety, in debt, in good
order, in good / poor health, in tears,
in use, in pain,
七、
注意:某些名词和介词的固定搭配
1
)
要求<
/p>
to
:
key, answer,
visit, apology, introduction
以
to
为中心构成短语的归纳
belong to, come
to
(苏醒)
, look forward to,
lead to, stick to, refer to, turn to,
drink to
(为……干杯)
,
object
to
(反对)
,
reply
to the
letter, help
oneself to,
sing
/ dance
to
the
p>
music
(和着……在……声中唱
/
p>
跳)
, devote oneself to
2
)
要求<
/p>
in
:
interest,
satisfaction
3
)以<
/p>
for
为中心构成短语的归纳
ask
for,
call
for
(去接某人)
,
care
for
(关心)
,
go
in
for
(从事)
,
answer
for
(对……负责)
,
send for, pay for, praise sb.
for
(赞扬某人某事)
, head
for
(向……方向移动)
, search for,
take … for …(误以为)
, leave
for, prepare for
(为……准备)
,
thank sb. for, make a dive
for
(向……猛冲)
, make
up for
(弥补……损失)
4<
/p>
)以
on
为中心构成短语的归纳
come
on
来吧
, call
on
拜访
, pass
on
传递
, carry
on
进行下去
, live on
sth.
靠……生活
, depend
on
依靠
, have
on
穿着
, have pity
on
同情, look on … as …把……看作
,
push on
推动
, spy
on
窥
探
, switch /
turn on
旋开
, wait
on
服侍
, walk on
继续走,
spend…on …在……上花费时间、金钱
,
operate on
给……动手术
,
take on a new
look
呈现新面貌
八、
某些形容词和介词的固定搭配
1
)
be afraid of
担心
be afraid
for
替……而担心
2
)
be angry about
/ at sth.
因……而生气
be angry
with sb.
对……某人发怒
3
)
be anxious for
sth.
渴望
be anxious about sth.
/ sb.
担心
4
)
be different
from
与……不同
be
indifferent to … ……不关心
5
)
be
good at …擅长
be good for
…对……有益
be good of sb. to do
sth.
友好
6
)
be strict with
sb.
对……严格
be strict in sth.
7
)
be popular
with sb.
受到……欢迎
be popular in
some place
流行在
……be
popular
for
因……
而流行
8
)
be pleased
with + n.
或
what
从句;
be pleased at
+
抽象名词
听、看到而高兴
9
)
be
disappointed at sth.
;
be
disappointed with sb.
对……失望
10
)
be known to
sb.
;
be known with +
n.
或从句
;
be known
for
因……而著名
11
)
be absent
from
缺席
12
)
be
devoted to …献身于……
13
)
be
open to …对……开放
14
)
be
poor / clever / expert at …
15
)
be
sorry for
…替
/
为……后悔
16
)
be
rich in … be interested in …
17
)
be proud of
(take pride in)
18
)
be
satisfied with / by … be sure of / about
…
19
)
be fond of, be fit for, be busy with sth. (in
doing sth.)
20
)
be late for, be ready for
21
)
be
similar to … ;be wrong with …
九、吊尾介词
1
)
某些形
容词后接不及物动词或“V+介”型短语动词的不定式形式表“反射”,常用吊尾介词。
A) fit, easy, hard, good, difficult,
comfortable,
heavy
等形容后,常用吊尾介词。
e.g. The girl is easy to get along
with.
B) be worth doing, be worthy of
being done, be worthy to be done, want / require /
need doing
表反射,常用吊尾介词。
e.g. The problem is worth dealing with.
The book is worthy of being referred
to.
2
)
不及物动词的不定式修饰表“涉及对象、场所、工具、手段、方式、材料等”意义的名词时常带吊
尾介词。
e.g. There is
nothing for us to worry about. a room to live in
3
)
定语从
句中,先行词被一个不及物动词所修饰,则不及物动词后要带介词,先行词被“V+介”组成
的短语动词所修饰,介词常在句尾。
e.g. He
is the very man I just spoke to. This is the life
he is used to.
4
)
以
what
,
whose
,
who
,
whatever
等引导的宾语从句、表语从句中常出现“吊尾介词”。
e.g. I don’t know what you do
it for.
5
)
强调句
型和特殊疑问句中由于被强调部分和疑问词位置变更,常出现吊尾介词。在上下文意义清楚
时,特殊疑问句常用省简结构。
e.g. It is
the poor boy that we gave the books to.
What
for?
(为什么?)
Where
to?
(去哪儿?)
Who
with?
(和谁去?)
6
)
被动语态中“V+介”短语常用吊尾介词。
e.g. He was listened to come here. He
has never been spoken to in this way.
十常用介词辨异
1
.
about, on, of
关于
on
多
用于慎重的、正式的语言交际场合。
常见于“学术上”的“论文”或“演说”等题目,可
供专门研
究这一问题的人阅读,有“论及”之意。
about
表示的内容多为普遍、不那么正式,有“述及”之意。
of
作“关于”讲,
表示提及、
涉及某人
(事)
时,
只表示事情存在或发生,
并不涉及详情;
有时
与
about
意义相近,但有时意义很不同,常与动词
know
、
hear
、
learn
(听说)
、
speak
、
talk
、
p>
think
、
tell
等
连用。
2.
at,
on,
in(
表时间
) : at
表示时间的一点;
in
表示一个时期;
on
表示特殊日子
A.
at
后常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等。如:
at
five
o’clock
(五点)
,
at
down
(黎明)
,
at
daybreak
(天亮)
,
at
sunrise
(日
出
)
,
at
noon
(
< br>中
午
)
,
at
sunset
(
日
落
)
,
at
midnight
(
半
夜
)
,
at
the
beginning
of
the
month
(月初)
,
at
that
time
(那时)
,
at
that
moment
(那
会儿),
at
this
time
of
day
(在一天的这个时候)。
B.
in
后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等。如:
in
2006
(
2006
年)
,
in
May
,
2004
< br>(
2004
年五月)
,
in
the
morning
(早晨
/
上午)
,
in
the
afternoon
(
下
午
)
,
in
the
evening
(
晚
上
)
,
in
the
night
(
夜
晚
)
,
< br>in
the
daytime
(白天)
,
in
the
21st
century
(
21
世纪)
,
in
three
days
p>
(
weeks/month
)
三天(周
/
个月),
in
a
week
(一周),
in
spring
(春季)。
C.
on
后跟某日,星期几,某日的朝夕,节日等
,
即具体某一天极其早
中、晚
.
on
Sunday
(星期日),
on
a
warm
morning
in
April
(四月的一个温暖的上午),
on
a
December
night
(<
/p>
12
月
的
一
p>
个
夜
晚
)
,
on
that
afternoon
(
那
天
下
午
)
,
on
the
following
night
(
下
一
个
晚
p>
上
)
,
on
Christmas
afternoon
< br>(
圣
诞
节
下
午
)
,
o
n
October
1
,
1949
(
1949
年
10
< br>月
1
日),
on
New Year
’
s
Day.
(
特别提示
):
在
last, next, this, that,
some, every
等词之前一律不用介词
at, in
in
一般表示较大的地方
at
表示较小的地方
at
home,
at
school,
at
the
bus
stop,
at
the
doctor's
,
in
a
country,
in
a
town,
in
the
street,
3.
between,
among(
表位置)
“在…..之间”
A. b
etween
仅用于二者之间,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也可
用
between,
如
I’m
sitting
between
Tom
and
Alice.
The
village
lies
between
three
hills.
B.
among
用于三者或三者以上之间。如:
He
is
the
best
among
the
students.
4.
except,
except for, except that, but, besides, beside
except“除……之外”,指不包括……,后面常接名词、代词(人称代词常用宾格)
,还可接介词短语、
副词和动词不定式,此时相当于
< br>but
,但不定式常不带
to
。
except for“除了,只有”,意思和
except
一样,主要指说明基本情况后,而在细节上加以修正,后
面常接名词性短语。
except
that“除了,只是”,意思和
except
、
except for
一样。但在用法上,主要指其后常接名词性
从句,也可接
when
、
where
等词引导的其它从句。
b
ut
所含“除……外”的意思不如
except
明确。
but
多用在代词(主要是不定代词、否定代词
和疑问代
词)之后。
besides
表示“除……外还有”,所排除的事物常包括在所述范围之内。另外,
< br>besides
可用作副词,
相当于
also
,有“而且,加之,何况”之意。
beside
也是介词,表示“在附近”,只不过形似
besides
,容易相互混淆。
【对比】如果在区别前后有同类的词语时,就用
except
,
否则就用
except for
。
book has no blunder except a few
mistakes.
This book is interesting
except for a few
mistakes.
(前面无同类词语)
Every one of us, except him, went to
see the exhibition.
5. in
the
tree,
on
the
tree
in
the
tree
,
指动物或人等外来的东西在树上,
on
the
tree
,
指果实或叶子等树本身长出来的东西
6. on
the
way, by
the
way,
in
this
way
on
the
way
指在路上
, on
one
’
s way to
.....
by
the
way
指顺便问一句
in
this
way
用这样的方法
, in that way , in
other way, in these ways
7.
by
bus,
on
the
bus
by
bus
是一般说法
,
固定搭配
,
on
the
bus
特指乘某一辆车
8.
across, through, over
和
past
p>
“通过
,
经过”
across
从表面经过
,
如
,road, bridge, river
through
从内部空间经过
,
如
: city, woods, forests,
window, gate
past ,
从旁边经过
.
through
指“穿过…(门洞
/
人群
/
树林)”;
across
p>
和
over
可以指“跨越…(街道
/
河流)”,可互换
,
但
是表示“翻过…”时只能用
over.
如:
Just then a rat
(
鼠
)ran across the road.(
就在那时一只老
鼠跑过路面
)/ There
is a bridge across/over the
river.(
河上有座桥
)/ They climbed
over the
mountain and arrived there
ahead of
time.(
他们翻过大山提前到达了那里
)/ The
visitors went
through a big gate into
another park.(
参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园
< br>)
8. on, above, over,
“
在…上”
, up,
A. on
指在某物表面上
,
有接触点
a book on the table
B. over
指在某物垂直上方
,<
/p>
无接触点
,
也可指覆盖在某物上
,
与
under
相对
under
表示在…下方
I
put
the money under the bed.
我把钱放在床底下
a cloth
over the table , a fan over the table
C. above
指在某物的上方即可
,
不一定是垂直上方是斜上方反义词为
below
,
He lives above me
< br>他住我家楼上
(
不一定就是头上一间
)
The temperature today
is above
zero.
今天气温零度以上
.
D. up
表示在往上的方向
反义词
down look up to the
sky
抬头看天空
about
与
on
的用法区
别:
都可以表示“有关…”,但是
about
< br>的意义比较广
,
而
on
主要表示“有关…(专
题
/
课程)”。如:
Tom is going to give a talk on
the history of America.(
汤姆要作一个美国历
史的报告
)/ They are very excited
talking about the coming field trip.(
他们
兴致勃勃地谈论着
即将来到的野外旅游
)
on
表示两事物表面接触
Put away the books on the desk.
把桌上的书收好
over
除了要接触,还有覆盖的含义,
over
表示正上
方
There is a bridge over the
river.
河上有一座桥
9.
for , since,
A.
since
仅说明什么时候开始,
,
后常跟一个具体的过去的时间
.
B. for
表示某动作或情况持续多久
,
后常跟一段时间。
He has studied the piano
for 5 years.. They have lived here since
1978.
since
与
for
表示时间的用法区别:“since+(具体时刻
< br>/that-
从句)”表示“自从…起一直到现
在”,“
for
+(一段时间)”表示“总共有…之久”,都常用于完成时态;
如:
Uncle
Li
has
worked
in
this
factory
since
1970.(
李叔叔自从
1970
年起就在这家工厂工作了
)/
Uncle
Li
has
worked
in
this
factory
for over 30 years. (
李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了
30
多年
)
10. after,
behind,
“在…之后”
A. after
主要用于表示时间
B. behind
主要用于表示位置
11. in, after
“……以后”
A
.
“in
+段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后
,
用在将来时态中
.,
常回答
how
soon
的提问
.
B
.
“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后
,
相当于
一段时间
+ later
My
mother will come back in three or four days.
He arrived after five months.
= He arrived five minutes
later.
.in , after , later
in +
一段时间
.
常用
一般将来时。
after
+
一段时间
.
常用一般过去时。
after +
点时间
.
用各种时态。
一段时间
+
later
过去时
12.
放在地点之前的介词
:at,
in, on
A. at
(1)
表示在小地方
;
(2)
表示“在……附近,旁边”
B. in
(1)
表示
在大地方
;
(2)
表示“在…范围之内”。
C.
on
表示毗邻,接壤
D. to
表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤
⑵
after
与
in
表示时间的用法区别:“after+(具体时刻
/<
/p>
从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一
般时态;“in+(一段
时间)”表示“在
(
多久
)
之后”,常用于将来时态。如:
He said that he
would be
here after 6
:
00.(
他说他六点钟之后会来这儿
)/ My
father is coming back from England in about
a month.(
我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来
)
13. by, with, in ,
on
表示方式
,
手段
,
工具,
A
.
by
以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具
,
或跟
V-ing
形式
.
B. with
表示用
…工具
,
C. in
表示用…方式,用…语言
(
语调、颜色
)
等
D. on
表示通过媒介
,
on the telephone, on the radio, on TV
by
、
in
与
with
表示方式的用法区别:都可以表示“工具、手段”
,但是
by
主要表示“乘坐”某
个交通
工具或“以……方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者;
in
表示“使用”某种语言
/
文
字
,with
表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如:
We
see
with
our
eyes
and
walk
with
our
feet.(
我
们用眼睛看东西
,
用双脚走路
)/ Please write
that article(
文章
) in
English.(
请你用英语写那篇文
章)/ Let’s
go to the zoo by
taxi.(
我们打的去动物园吧。
)/ It was
written by Lao She.(
那是
老舍写的
p>
)
与
like
的区别:
两个
词都表示“像……”,但是
as
译为“作为……”,表示的是职
业、职务、作用等事实
,
而
like<
/p>
译为“像……一样”,表示外表
,
不是事
实。如:
Let me speak to you as a father.(
p>
我以父亲的身份
和你讲话。
)(
说话者是听者的父亲
) / Let me speak to you
like a father.(
让我像一位父亲一样和
你讲话
)(
说话者不是听者的父亲
)
15. at the end
of
、
by the end
of
、
to the
end
、
in the
end
的用法区别:
at the
end of…既可以表示时间也可以表示地点
,
译为“在…末
;在…尽头”,常与过去时连用;
by
the
end
of…只能表示时间
,
译为“在…前;到…为止”,常用于过去完成时;
in
the
end
与
at
last
基本等义
,
表示“终于、最
后”,通常用于过去时;
to the
end
译为“到…的终点为止”,前面往往有表
示运动或连续性的动词。如:
By
the end of last term we had learned 16 units of
Book III.(
到
上学期期末我们已经学习了第三册
p>
16
个单元
)/
At
the
end
of
the
road
you
can
find
a
big
white
house
with brown windows.(
p>
在路的尽头你能找到一幢有棕色窗户的白房子
)/ They
left for Beijing at the
end of last
week.(
上周末他们动身去了北京
)/ In the
end he succeeded in the final exams.(
他<
/p>
最终在期末考试中考及格了
)/ We should go
on with the work to the
end.(
我们应该把工作干到底
)/
Follow this road to the end and you
will see a post office.(
沿这条路走到底就能看见一家邮电
局
)
a
moment
、
for the
moment
、
in a
moment
、
at the
moment
的区别:
for a
moment“一会儿、片刻”(=for a while),常与持续性动词连用;for the
moment“暂时、
目前”,常用于现在时;in a
moment“一会儿、立即、马上”(=soon; in a few
minutes),一般用于将
来时;at the moment“此刻
,
眼下”(=now),用于现在进行时。如:
Pl
ease wait for a
moment.(
请稍
等)/ Let’s leave
things as they are for the moment.(暂时就维持现状吧!) /
I’ll come ba
ck
in a
moment.(
我过会儿回来
)/ I am very
busy at the
moment.(
眼下我很忙
)
17. but
的问题:
用介词
but
引出另一个动词时
< br>,
要注意:如果前面有
do,
后
面就用原形动词
,
前面没有
do
时
,
后面的动词
要加
to
。如:
I
could
do
nothing
but
wait.(
我什么也做不了只能等
)
/
They
had
no
choice(
选择
)
but
to fight.(
他们没
有选择只有战斗
)
18. in
front of
与
in the front
of
:
in
front
of“在…的前面”, 与
in
the
front
of“在…的前部”。如:
A
car
was
parking
in
front
of the
hall.(
大厅跟前停着一辆汽车
)/ In the
front of the hall stood a big desk.(
大厅前
部立
着一个大讲台
) [12] except
与
besides
的区别:except“除了”,表
示排除掉某人物
,
即不包含;而
bes
ides“除了”则表示包含
,
即“不仅……又……”。如:<
/p>
Everyone
went
to
the
Palace
Museum
except
Tom.(
除了
Tom,
大家都去了故宫博物院
)(Tom<
/p>
没有去故宫
)/ Besides Chinese he
also studied many
other subjects.(
除了汉语之外
,
他还学其他许多功课
)
, until , to
的用法。
till /
until
与延续动词连用,用于肯定句,与短暂
动词连用用在否定句(
在句首、强调句
不
用
till
).
早、午、晚要用
in
,
at
黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、帽
in
。
将来时态
in ...
以后,
小处
at
大处
in
。
有形
with
无形
by
,语言、单位、材料
in
。
特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用
in
。
介词
at
和
to
表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,
收音、农场、值日
on
,关于、基础、靠、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。
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