-
2020
年初一英语下学期
Review of Units 1-6
词汇精讲
1.
work
&
job
work
和
job
作名词是同义词,都有“工作、职业”
的意思。不过,它们之间还是有些区
别的。
< br>(
1
)
job
< br>是可数名词,指特定工作。
work
是不可数名词,泛指
工作。我们可以说
a
job
,
不能说
a
work
。例如:
Peter
has a good job in a bank.
彼得在一家银行有份很好的工作。
Tom changed jobs many times.
汤姆换了很多工作。
Looking
after three cats is not easy work.
照顾三只猫咪可不是件容易事。
(<
/p>
2
)上班用英文讲是
go to
work
。这是一个固定搭配,我们不能说
go to a
job
。例如:
My father
goes to work at 8 a.m.
我爸爸八点上班。
(
3
)
job
只能用作名词,<
/p>
work
还可以用作动词,不仅有“上班、工作”的意思,还可以
作
“努力”或“从事”来讲。例如:
Both of my parents work.
我父母都工作。
If you
work hard, you will speak English well.
只要你努力,你的英语就会讲得很好。
2. either, too, also
(
1
)
too
意为“也”
p>
,一般放在肯定句句尾。例如:
He
can speak English. I can speak English, too.
他会说英语,我也会说。
(
2
)
also
意为“也
”
,一般放在句中。用于
be
动词、情
态动词、助动词之后,实义动词之
前,比
too
要正式一些。例如:
He can speak
English. I can also speak English.
他会说英语,我也会说。
He is
also a student.
他也是个学生。
I also like music.
我也喜欢音乐。
(
< br>3
)
either
意为“也”<
/p>
,用于否定句的句尾。例如:
He
can’t swim. I can’t swim, either.
他不会游泳,我也不会。
3.
sometimes, some times,
sometime
&
some time
(
1
)
sometimes
为副词,意思为“有时”可用于句首、句中或句末,在句中作状语。例如:
He was sometimes late for school.
他有时上学迟到。
(
2
)
some times
是
词组,意思为“几次,几倍”
,其中的
times
为可数名词的复数形式。
例如:
He has been to Beijing
for some times before.
他以前去过北京几次。
(
3
)
sometime
指
某个不明确的时间,意思为“某个时候”
。
例如:
We’ll take
our holiday sometime in August.
我们将在八月的某个时候度假。
(<
/p>
4
)
some time
指某一段时间,其中的
time
为不可数名词,意思为
“时间”
。
例如:
He will stay
there for some time.
他将在那里待一段时间。
4.
too many, too much
&
much too
(
1
)
too
many
的中心词是
many,
用法
与
many
相同,用来修饰复数可数名词。例如:
He’s got too many questions to
ask you.
他有很多问题要问你。
They bought too many eggs yesterday.
昨天他们买了太多的鸡蛋。
(
2
)
too
much
作为形容词词组时,意为“太多的”
,用来修饰不可数
名词;
too much
作为副
词词组
,意为“太多”
,用来修饰动词;
too
much
作为代词
,
意为“太多”
,在句中作宾
语。例如:
We two have too much work to
do.
我们俩要做的工作太多了。
2020
年初一英语下学期
You talked too much at the
meeting.
你在会上讲得太多了。
You have given me too
much.
你给我太多了。
(
3
)
much too
是副词短语,意为
“
非常,太……
”
,常用来修饰形容词或副词。例如:
He got into the car and drove much too
fast
。他上了车,并开得非常快。
The necklace is much too expensive.
这条项链太贵了。
5. get to,
reach
&
arrive
(
1
)
arrive
“到达”
,
不及物动词,后接
at
跟小地点;接
in
跟大地点。例如:
They arrive in Shanghai today.
今天他们到达上海。
When I
arrive at the hotel, I will call you.
我到达旅馆时,会给你打电话。
(<
/p>
2
)
get
“到
达”
,不及物动词,后接介词
to
跟地
点。例如:
When did you get to
Beijing?
你什么时候到达北京?
< br>(
3
)
reach
“到达”
,及物动词,后面直接跟地点。例如:
When she reaches the office, she likes
drinking some tea.
她到达办公室时喜欢喝点茶。
6.
wear, put on, dress
&
in
(
1
)
wear
表示穿着、戴着的某种状态。例如:
She wears a pink coat.
她穿着一件粉红色大衣。
(
2
)
put
on
表示穿戴的动作。例如:
She puts on her pink coat.
她穿上她的红色的大衣。
(
3
)
dress
后接
人作宾语,表示“给……穿衣”
。例如:
She dresses herself every day.
她每天自己穿衣。
(
4
)
in
与
< br>wear
都表示“穿”或者“戴”
,
< br>wear
在句中作谓语,
in
与
其他词一起构成介
宾短语,做句子的定语、表语等。例如:
She is in pink.
她穿着粉红色的衣服。
7.
have to
&
must
(
1
)
have to
强调客观需要;
must
强调主观愿望。例如:
I must go now.
我现在必须走。
I have to
finish my homework first.
我不得不先完成我的作业。
(
2
)
must
只用一
般现在时;
have
to
可以用各种时态。例如:
My
sister had to learn how to make tea.
我姐姐不得不学习如何泡茶。
She
must work hard.
她必须努力工作。
(
3
)
have
to
有人称和数的变化,但
must
没有。例如:
My mother
has to look after me when I am ill.
当我生病的时候我妈妈不得不照顾我。
She must tell him the truth.
她必须告诉他事实的真相。
(
4
)在否定结构中,
don’t have
to
表示“不必”
;
mustn’t
表示“不允许,禁止”
。例如:
p>
You don’t have to tell him
the news.
你不一定要把这个消息告诉他。
(不必)
You
mustn’t
park your car here.
你不能把车停在这里。
(禁止,不允许)
8.
always,
usually, often,
sometimes
&
never
always, usually, often, sometimes
和
never
是英语中最常见的频度副词。
(
1
)
a
lways
的频度为
100%
,
表示动作重复、
状态继续,
中间没有间断,
意思是
“总
是”
“永远地”。例如:
The
sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳总是东升西落。
(
2
)
usually
的频
度为
70%
左右,意为“通常”、“平常”,即很少有例外。例
如:
2020
年初一英语下学期
He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock.
他通常
10
点钟睡觉。
(
3
)
often
的频度为
50%
左右
,
意为“常常”,
但不如
usuall
y
那么频繁,
表示动作重复,
中间有间
断。例如:
He is often late for
school.
他上学经常迟到。
(
4
)
som
etimes
的频度为
20%
左右,
意为“有时”,
表示动作偶尔发生。
可
以位于句首,
以示强调。例如:
It is
sometimes hot and sometimes cold.
天气忽冷忽热。
Sometimes he does it this way and
sometimes he does it that way.
他有时这样做,有时那样做。
(
p>
5
)
never
的频度为
0
,意为“从来不”、“永不”。
例如:
My parents are
never late for work.
我父母上班从来不迟到。
9. go
to bed
go to bed
指“上床睡觉”,并不意味
着当时就睡着,只是进入了睡觉的形式。例如:
Jim
goes to bed at nine o’clock every evening.
吉姆每天晚上九点钟睡觉。
【拓展】
其他的和“睡觉”相关的词或者词组:
(
1
)
go
to sleep
和
fall asleep
< br>意思是“入睡;睡着”,强调由醒到睡的瞬间动作。例如:
The man is tired. He goes to sleep very
quickly.
那人很疲劳,很快就睡着了。
(
2
)
sleep
意为“睡眠”,强调持续的动作。例如:
You should sleep eight hours a day.
一天你应该睡八小时。
(
3
)
be
asleep
强调睡着的状态,
不像
s
leep
强调行为,
它表示当时或现在所处的睡眠状态。
例如:
The baby is
asleep.
那小孩睡着了。
10.
in, by,
with, on
这四个介词都有“通过……的方式
”之意,其主要区别如下表所示:
介词
in
by
with
on
区别
表<
/p>
示
表示行为动作的手
表
< br>示行
为
表
示
使
使
用
段或交通方式,后
动
作所
用
用
广
播
语
言
面
常
接
动
词
的
-ing
的
工具
;
电
视
等
或
材
形式或不带冠词的
后
面所
接
媒体。
料。
名词。
名
词常
有
冠词。
11. home,
family
&
house
(
1
p>
)
house
指“房屋、住房、住宅”
p>
,指家人所居住的建筑物。例如:
We
have a new house.
我们有一座新房子。
(
2
)
p>
f
amily
指“家人、家、家庭”
,是一种社会意义上的团体,不指住房。例如:
My family are all very
kind.
我们全家人都很和蔼。
(
3
)
home
“家”
,指家人共同生活的地方,强调家的气氛和环境,是一个带有感情色彩
的名词。例如:
I love my home.
我爱我家。
12.
between
&
among
这两个介词均含“在……之间,在……之中”之意。
(
1
)
between
多指两者之间,但现代英语中也可指三者或三者以上,表示彼此间清楚的
独立的个体关系,指每两者之间。例如:
She takes medicine between three meals
every day.
她每天在两餐之间吃药。
2020
年初一英语下学期
(
2
)
among
指三者或三者以上的同类事物之间。例如:
Mr. Hu is sitting among the students.
胡老师坐在学生们中间。
词汇精练
Ⅰ
.
英汉互译。
1.
去上学
_______
2.
做锻炼
______
3. brush one’s teeth
_______
4. take a shower
_______
5.
做作业
_______
6. wash the dishes_______
7.
听收音机
________
8. talk
show_____
9.
sound good ________
10.
为考试而学习
_______
Ⅱ
.
根据句意、首字母或汉语提示,写出正确的单词。
1. You can find a good j______
if(
如果
) you study hard now.
2. We should not a______ late for
class.
3. He r_____ to school every day
on an old bike.
4. My sister doesn’t
like P.E. and I don’t like it e______.
5. Don’t be n
______. Please
be quiet.
6. Students must obey the
r______ of school.
7. We have lunch in
the d______ hall at school.
8. Don’t
f______ with each other. You may
hurt(
伤害
) yourselves or
others.
9. He is a c______ student. He
learns everything quickly.
10. Lucy is
on duty today. Look! She is c______ the
blackboard.
Ⅲ
.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
?
1. About five _____ (hundred) students
in our school go to school by bike.
2.
It’s not easy______ (work) out the
problem.
3. Li Hua had a
______ (quickly) breakfast and then went to work.
4. Thanks for ______ (tell) me the good
news.
5. Can I join the _____ (swim)
club?
6. I have some photos. I can show
______ ( they) to you this afternoon.
7. Mar
y can’t _____ (play)
football.
8. Listen to
______
(I) carefully in
class.
9. They ______ (usual) go home
after school.
10. “By sea”is another
way of ______ (say) “by ship”.
< br>Ⅳ
.
选词填空。
1. It’s eight o’clock. It’s time to
________. ( sleep, go to bed)
2. I have _______ ( much too, too much,
too many) work to do.
3. The teacher
sits _______ (between, among) the students.
4. She writes a letter ______ ( with,
by, in, on) a pen.
5. It’s too late. I
must go ______ (house, family, home)
now.
6. My mother is teacher
and my brother is a teacher, ______. (also,
either, too)
7. It’s seven o’clock in
the morning. It’s time to ______. ( go to bed, get
up)
8.
-
______ is it? ( What time,
When)
-
It’s five o’clock.
9. I go to school by bike
______. (every day, everyday)
10.
Please ______ your English book here tomorrow. (
take, bring, get, carry)
V.
听力链接。
(
2015
浙江嘉兴中考)
2020
年初一英语下学期
1
.
What sport does
Johnny like?
A
.
Bas
ketball
.
B
.
p>
Football
.
C
p>
.
V
olleyball
< br>.
2
.
Which bus goes
to the museum?
A
.
The
No
.
10
bus
.
B
.
The
No
.
15
bus
.
C
.
The
No
.
20
bus
.
3
.
What is the man
probably planning to do?
A
.
To eat
less
.
B
.
To do
exercise
.
C
.
To see the
doctor
.
4
.
How did the man
tell his uncle their new address?
A
.
By
phone
.
B
.
By
letter
.
C
.
By e
-
mail
.
5
.
What is the
man
’
s job?
A
.
A
teacher
.
B
.
A
doctor
.
C
.
A
reporter
.
参考答案
I.
英汉互译。
1. go to
school
2. do
exercise / play sports
3.
刷牙
4.
洗淋浴
5. do one’s
homework
6.
洗餐具
/
盘子
7. listen to the radio
8.
访谈节目
9.
听起来很好
10. study for a test
II.
根据句意、首字母或汉语提示,写出正确的单词。
1. job
2. arrive
3.
rides
4. either
5. noisy
6. rules
7. dining
8. fight
9. clever
10. cleaning
III.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
?
1. hundred
2. to work
3. quick
4. telling
5. swimming
6.
them
7. play
8. me
9. usually
10. saying
Ⅳ
.
选词填空。
1. go to bed
2. too much
3. among
4. with
5. home
6. too
7. get up
8. What time
9.
every day
10. bring
V
.
听力链接。
听下面
< br>5
段小对话,每段对话后有一个小题。请从
A
、
B
、
C
三个选项中选出最佳答案。每
段对话仅读一遍。
1
.
A
2
.
B
3
.
B
4
.
C
5
.
A
<
/p>
1
.
W
:
Do you like
basketball
,
Johnny?
M
p>
:
Yes
,
I’m
on the school team
.
< br>2
.
W
:
Excuse me
,
does this bus go
to the museum?
M
:
Sorry
.
The No. 15 bus goes
there
.
3
.
W
:
Dad
,
you are getting
fat
.
You must do exercise
every day
.
M
:
p>
Yes
,
Dear
.
The doctor also says I should do
that
.
4
.
W
:
Tom
,
did you tell your uncle our new
address?
M
:
Yeah
,
I sent him an e-mail
yesterday
.
5
.
W
:
Michael<
/p>
,
are you still working for
the newspaper?
M
:
No
.<
/p>
I’m teaching in a college
now
.
句式精讲
1. help sb.
with sth.
“
help
sb. with sth.
”意为“帮助某人做某事”
。此处
的
with
是介词,后面可以跟名词。例如:
< br>
She helps us with our
lessons.
她帮我们学习。
I help my mother with housework.
我帮我妈妈做家务。