-
大学本科毕业论文
题目：
现代英语词汇迅速发展的原因探究
学生姓名：
学
号：
院
部：
外国语学院
专
业：
英
语
年
级：
指导教师
姓名及职称
：
完成日期：
On the Reasons of Rapid
Development of
English Vocabulary
A Thesis
Submitted
to School of Foreign
Languages of
Xinjiang University
of Finance and Economics
in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts
By
Li wei
Supervisor
：
Zhao
Weili
May 23, 2008
Acknowledgements
The
existence
of
this
thesis
owes
much
to
Mrs.
Zhao
Weili.
She
has
given
me
the
most
patient
instructions
during
the
busiest
time
she
has
ever
had,
and
for
the
encouragements
and
trust she has placed on
me.
What
’
s more, I
will extend my thanks to all of the leaders and
teachers who have taught us
during
these
four
years
in
School
of
Foreign
Languages
and
have
supplied
us
with
the
most
convenient faculties,
which helps me to finish my first English thesis
smoothly.
In addition, I would like to
thank all my enthusiastic classmates who have
given me lots of
advice
and
inspirations.
Last
but
not
least,
my
appreciation
will
go
to
the
evaluation
panel
of
theses
that keep their close eyes to the development of
our theses. Thanks a lot!
I
摘要
现代英语，尤其是现代英语词汇
发展非常迅速。据统计
,
目前世界上英语的词汇量最
大
,
现代英语词汇发展迅速的原因主要是随着科学
技术的飞速发展，不断产生新兴学科，
带来大量新的英语词汇。政治经济形势的千变万化
、社会生活和世界局势的迅速发展和变
化
,
需要不断的创造新的单词及词组来满足这些变化，因此英语词汇量在不断地发展扩
大。英语词汇产生和发展的途径主要有创造全新单词、利用构词法产生新词、旧词新义和
外来语的借入四个方面。学习者通过对英语词汇发展原因的了解可以进一步了解英语单词
的结构
,
对理解记忆单词有所裨益
,
可以更好地掌握英语这门语言。
关
键词：
词汇；本族语；外来词；构词法
II
Abstract
Modern
English, especially modern English vocabulary,
develops very quickly. The reasons
for
some
changes
are
relatively
obvious.
For
example,
the
rapid
development
of
science
and
technology
has
led
to
the
creation
of
many
new
words.
In
addition,
the
development
of
international trade and finance, social
and political changes and political needs have
supplied the
English
vocabulary
with
great
quantities
of
new
words
and
expressions.
Furthermore,
some
social activities have brought about
many new words. In order to suit this new
situation, people
have created numerous
new words. The development of new English words
depends chiefly on
the channels of word
creation, word formation, semantic changes and
word borrowing. It is good
for English
learners to keep up with the development of
English new words.
Key
Words:
Vocabulary
;
native words,
borrowed words, word formation.
III
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
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I
Abstract (Chinese)<
/p>
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II
Abstract
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III
Table of
Contents
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IV
Part
One
Introduction
…………
………………………………………………………………
1
1.1
Research
Back
ground
…………………………………………………………………
< br>1
1.2 Motivations and Objectives
……………………………………………………………
1
Part Two Reasons of Rapid Development
of English V
ocabulary
…………………
………
2
2.1
The
Influence
of
Science
and
Techn
ology
…………………………………
2
2.2
The
Influence
of
Politics
………………………………………………
3
2.3
International
Trade
and
Finance
………………………………………………
4
2.4
Culture
Factors
and
Changes
of
Social
Fashion
…………………………
4
Part
Three
Methods
of
Vocabulary
Dev
elopment
…………………………………………
5
3.1 Word
Formation
……………………………………………………………………
5
3.2
Semantic
Changes
……………………………………………………………
………
6
3.3
Word
Creation
………………………………………………………………………
7
3.4
Word
Borrowing
……………………………………………………………………
8
Part
Four
Conclusion
………………
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9
N
o
t
e
s
…
…
…
…
< br>…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
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…
…
…
…
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< br>…
1
0
Bibliograp
hy
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11
IV
新疆财经大学外国语学院本科毕业论文
Part One Introduction
1.1 Research Background
Language is a mirror
reflecting the culture of a society. With the
development of the society,
almost
all
living
languages
are
in
a
state
of
continuous
change.
As
one
of
the
main
communication languages in the world,
English not only changes, but also changes
quickly. The
most active and apparent
changes of English can be seen in its vocabulary.
The English language has a vocabulary
of more than 1million. The term vocabulary usually
refers to a complete inventory of the
words in a language. But it may also refer to the
words and
phrases
used
in
the
variants
of
a
language,
such
as
dialect,
register,
terminology,
etc
.
①
The
English vocabulary is characterized by
a mixture of native words and borrowed words.
Since
the
Second
World
War,
the
English-speaking
countries
have
experienced
great
changes in politics, economy, culture,
education and other fields. Consequently, modern
English
has changed a lot, especially
its vocabulary.
1.2 Motivations and
Objectives
This article shows the main
reasons of development on English vocabulary. The
reasons for
some
changes
are
relatively
obvious.
For
example,
the
rapid
development
of
science
and
technology has led to the creation of
many new words. In addition,
the instability of the world
situation
and
politics
in
different
countries
and
political
needs
have
supplied
the
English
vocabulary
with
great
quantities
of
new
words
and
expressions.
Furthermore,
some
social
activities have brought about many new
words. Last but not the least important, the
development
of international trade and
finance have also added many new words to the
English vocabulary.
This
all
motivated me to explore more about
the
reasons
of the rapid
development
of
English
vocabulary. In
addition, the ways that English new words
developed also arouse my interest. The
development
of
English
new
words
depends
chiefly
on
the
channels
of
word
creation,
word
formation,
semantic
changes
and
word
borrowing.
I
aim
to
better
my
English
by
studying
reasons and ways of
the development of new words.
1
新疆财经大学外国语学院本科毕业论文
Part Two Reasons of the
Development of New Words
2.1 The
Influence of Science and Technology
As
science
and
technology
develop,
new
words
are
used
to
express
new
concepts,
new
techniques as well as new inventions.
As they have developed more rapidly during the
last 50
years, new words and
expressions have been coined one after another.
Space
travel,
more
novel
still
than
nuclear
reactors
50
years
ago,
has
many
linguistic
discoveries
to
make.
Interestingly,
there
has
been
a
tendency
to
coin
nice
simple
words
and
phrases like: space
suit, heat-shield, splash-down, linkup, moonscape,
lunar, module, rendezvous,
lunar
rover,
moon
craft,
space
station,
satellite,
cosmonaut
,
moonquake,
readout,
black
hole,
lunar
module, biological clock.
②
The
development of computer and internet technology
has produced a new vocabulary of
their
own. For example, program- which has been adopted
to denote a sequence of instructions
fed
into
a
computer
and
designed
to
solve
a
problem
or
attain
a
specific
result.
Input-
which
means data introduced
into
a computer worn external
source.
Output
means processed
data or
information
transferred
from
the
computer
to
an external
device
for
storage
or
printing
out
or
punching out. Email - a system of
sending written message electronically from one
computer to
another. Hacker - an expert
at programming and solving problems with a
computer, also one who
illegally
gains
access
to
and
sometimes
tampers
with
information
in
a
computer
system
especially
using
a
home
computer.
Information
highway
means
system
of
communication
linking
computer by fiber-optic cable. Internet, mouse,
download, laptop computer, telecom have
been used frequently in our daily life
nowadays.
In
the
late
20
th
century,
science
and
technology
have
been
developed
very
quickly,
there
were a lot of new courses, such as
behavior science, psycholinguistics, cybernetics,
and bionics.
Ecology
refers
to
the
study
of
the
relationship
between
plants,
animals,
people
and
their
environment,
and
the
balances
between
these
relationships.
③
As
more
and
more
people
are
concerned with the
preservation of the environment and natural
resources, quite a lot of words
have
appeared
in
this
regard.
For
example,
eco-activist,
ecocide,
ecocatastrophe,
ecoactivity,
ecofreak,
ecocrisis,
visual
pollution,
noise
pollution,
graffiti
pollution,
eco-friendly,
planet-
friendly,
environment-friendly.
2