-
英语所有前后缀
一.表示否定的前缀
1
.
dis
-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disadvantage
(缺点)
,
dishonorable
(不光彩的)
,
disagree
(不同意)
2<
/p>
.
in-
加在形容词,名词之前
incorrect
(不正确的),
inability
(无能,无力),
ina
ccurate
(不准确的)
3<
/p>
.
im-
加在字母
m,b,p
之前
impossi
ble
(不可能的),
impolite
(不礼貌的),
impudence
(厚颜无耻)
4
.
il-
加在以
l
开头的词前
illegal
(非法的),
illi
terate
(文盲的,无文化的)
,
illogical
(不合逻辑的)
5
.
ir-
加在以
< br>r
开头的词前
irregu
lar
(不规则的、不整齐的),
irresistible<
/p>
(难以抗拒的),
irresolvable
(不能
分解的,不能解决的)
,
irresponsible, irrevocable
6
.
un-
加在名词,形容词,副词之前
unfinished
(未完成的)
,
undoubted
(毫无无疑的)
,
unemployment
(失业)
7
.
non-
加在形容词,名词前<
/p>
non-existence
(
p>
不存在)
,
non-essential<
/p>
(
非主要的)
,
non-electrical
(
非电的)
,
non-
smoker
(非吸烟者)
, nonsense,
nonaccess, non-profit organization
8
p>
.
mis
-加在动词、名词之前
misunderstand
(误解),
p>
misjudge
(误判),
mislea
ding
(误导性的),
misfortune
(不
幸)
, misbehave,
misspell, mistaken, misprint
9
.
dis-
加在动词之前
p>
disappear
(消失),
disar
m
(解除武装),
disconnect
(失去联系,断开连接)
10
.
de-
加在名词,形容词之前
p>
demobilize(
遣散;使?复员
)
,
decolor
(
脱色
,
漂白
)
,
decompose
(分解,腐烂)
11
.
anti-
加在名词、形容词之前
< br>
anti-Japanese
War
(抗日战争),
anti-so
cial
(厌恶社会的,反社会的),
antidote
(解
毒药)
, antibody,
antigen, antibiotics, antidepressant
12
.
counter-
加在名词、
动词前
counter-attack
(反攻,反击),
counteract
(抵抗,阻碍)<
/p>
counterrevolution
(反革
命)
,counter-
clockwise
(逆时针方向)
, counter-
culture, countermeasure
二
.
p>
表示“
before
”的前缀
1
.
pre-
p>
preconception
(成见)
,<
/p>
pre-existing
(先于??而存在的)
,
pre-
selection
(选举前的)
,
preface
(前言,序言)
,
prescribe
(开药),<
/p>
predict
(预言)
,
prevent
2
.
Ante-
anteroom
(前室,接待室),
antecessor
(先行者,先驱者)
,
anticipate
(预期)
3
.
Fore-
< br>forehead
(前额)
,
f
oreground
(前景)
,
for
eman
(工头,
领班)
,
foresee
(预见)
,
foretell
(预言)
, forearm,
forefather, forecast
4
.
Pro-
·
1
pr
ogramme
(计划),
prologue
< br>(序幕)
, probe, proceed, process
5
.
Ex-
ex-
president
(前任总统),
ex-
wife
(前妻)
,
ex-con
(前罪犯)
三
.
表示“后”的前缀
1
.
post-
post-
war
(战后),
post-position
(后置词),
postmeridian
(下午)
p>
,
post-mortem
(验
尸的,死后的),
postpone
(推迟,延后),
postgraduate
(研究生)
四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀
1
.
Hypo-
< br>Hypocrisy
(伪善,虚伪),
hypothes
is
(假设),
hypochlorite
(次氯酸盐)
2
.
Infra-
Infra-red
(红外线),
in
frastructure
(基础设施),
infrasoni
c
(次声的)
3
.
Sub-
Sub-editor
(副编辑),
s
ubway
(地铁),
sub-conscious
(下意识的),
submarine
(海下
的,潜艇),
sub-tropical
(亚
热带的),
subtitle
(副标题),
suburb
(郊区)
五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀
1
.
Re-
Refuel
(给?加油),
retranslate
(再译),
reinforce
(加强),<
/p>
reconstruct
(重建),
re
turn
(返回)
,
repay
(偿还),
replace
(替换,放回原位)
2
.
Retro-
Retrograde
(倒退的),
retrospe
ct
(回顾)
六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀
1
.
Co-
co-exist(
共存
)
,
co-
operate
(合作),
co-
education
(男女同校)
,
co-worker
(工友,
同事)
2. con (col,com,cor)-
Connection
(连接),
collaborate
(协作,合作),
correlation
(相关性,关联),
conspiracy
(阴谋),
conference
(
会议),
convention
(会议)
七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀
1
.
Inter-
Inter-changeable
(可互换的),
interdependent
(互相依靠的),
international
(国际
的),
inter- personal
(人际的),
intercity
(城际),
intercontinental
(洲际的)
,
interact
(互动,相互影
响),
Internet
(互联网)
八
.
表示“出”、“超出”的前缀
1
.
Ec-
Eclipse
(蚀),
ecstasy
(狂想)
2
.
Extra-
·
2
Ex
traordinary
(非凡的),
extramural<
/p>
(校外的),
extrasensory
(超感觉的)
,
extra-
terrestrial
(地球之外的,外星的)
九
.
表示“超过”的前缀
1
.
hyper-,
preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-
hyper-se
nsitive
(过敏的),
preterhuman
(超人的)
, surrounding, ultrasonic
十.其它的前缀
1
.
auto-
自
automatic
(自动的),
autobi
ography
(自传)
, autograph,
automobile
2
.
mal
-
坏,恶
Malnutritio
n
(营养不良),
maltreat
(
虐待)
, malicious, malignant, malice
3
.
Micro-
Microscope
(显微镜),
microtom
e
(切片机)
,
microwave
oven
(微波炉)
4
.
Tele-
远
Telegram
(电报),
telepho
ne
(电话),
telescope
(
望远镜)
,
television<
/p>
(电视),
telemetric
(遥测)
, telecommunications,
telecast, telecontrol
5
.
Demi-,semi-
,
hemi-
Semi-circle
(半圆),
h
emisphere
(半球),
demilune
(半月,新月)
6
.
Uni-,
mono-
(单一
,
单独)
Monotone
(单调)
,
monologue
(独白)
,
uniform
(
制服)
,
unique
(独一无二的)
,
university
(综合性大学,将各个学院合而为一),
universal
(统一的,一致的),
unicorn
(独角
兽),
unite
(联合,合并)
, universe, unity,
union, unisex, unit
7
.
Bi-,di-
二
Bi
yearly
(二年一次的),
biweekly
(二周一次的),
dichloride
(二氯化物
)
Carbon dioxide, bipod
(
双足动物
)
8
< br>.
Tri-
三
Triangle
(三角),
tripod
(三角架)
,
tri
nity
(三位一体)
9
.
Multi-
多
multi-colored
(颜色多样的)
< br>,
multi-
national
(多国的)
,
multi-culture
(多元
文化)
,
multi-
linguist
(会说多种语言的人),
multi-
media
(多媒体)
10
.
Poly
–多
Polygon(
多角形
)
,
polyto
mic(
多原子的
)
11
.
Arch
-首领
archbishop
(大主教),
a
rchitect
(建筑师)
,archangel
(大天使),
monarch
(君主),
anarchy
(混乱)
< br>12
.
bene-
善,好
benefit
(利益),
benevolence
(善意)
,
benediction
(祝福)
< br>
13
.
homo-
同
homosexual
(同性恋的),
homograph
(同形异义字)
14
.
neo<
/p>
新
neo-colonialism
(
新殖民主义
)
,
neolithic
(新石器时代的)
15
.
ortho-
正确,直
·
3
orthogonal
(直角的),
o
rthodox
(正统)
16
p>
.
philo-
挚爱
philosopher
(哲学家)
,
philanthropy
(慈善活
动),
Philip
17
.
proto-
原始
protohydrogen
(初氢),
prototype<
/p>
(原型),
protoplasm
(原生
质)
18
.
pseudo-
假的
,
伪的
,
冒充的
pseudonym
(匿名)
,
pseudo-
communism
(伪共产主义)
,
pseudoscience
(伪科学)
,
pseudo
19
.
a-,ab-,abs-
(只有在
t,c
之前)从,自
avoid
(避免),
absent
(缺少的),
abstain
(抑制
,
戒绝
),
abstract
(抽象)
<
/p>
20
.
Apo-,aph-
来自
apology
(
道歉,谢罪),
apostle
(倡言者,先驱)
21
.
se-
分离
separation
(分开),
secure
(安全的),
sedition
(煽动叛乱)
< br>22
.
para-
防
parachute
(降落伞),
parasol
(阳伞)
23
.
omni-
所有的,公共的
omnibus
(公共汽车),
< br>omnipotence
(无所不能)
,
omniscient
,
o
mnipresent
24
.
pan
-
全,泛
Pan-America
n
(全美的),
pancean
(万灵
药),
panorama
(风景的全貌
;
万花筒)
25
< br>.
panto-
全
pantisocracy
(乌托邦大同世界),
pantoscopic
(视野广大)
< br>26
.
dia-
通过,借以
p>
diagonal
(对角的),
diagnosis
(诊断),
dialog
ue
(对话)
27
.
Per-
通过,彻底,不利
perambrlate
(走来走去),
perfect
极好的
-
通过,横过
transcript
(抄本
,
副本
;
记录)
,
translation
(翻译)
,
transparent
(透明的)
,
transport
(运输),
tr
ansplant
(移植)
29<
/p>
.
Com-,con-,cor-,col-
共同,和,完全
comment
(评论)
,
compile
(编辑)
,
correlation
(相互关系
)
,
collect
(收集)
,
corruption
(贪污腐败),
collaborate
(合作,合著)
30
.
syn-
共同
synonym
(同义词)
,
synchronization
(同步),
syntonic
(谐振的),
synthetic<
/p>
(人工
的,合成的)
31
.
meta-
变化,变形
metaphor
(比喻),
metaphysics
(形而上学)
p>
,
metabolism
(新陈代谢)
p>
32
.
Cis-
在这一边
cisatlantic
(大西洋这边的)
33
.
pen-
几乎,相近
peninsular
(
.
住在半岛上的居民
,
半岛
(
状
)
的
,
形成半岛的)
34
.
en-,em-
往??里,使??
< br>
encamp
(扎营)
,<
/p>
enable(
使??能
)
,
endear
(使??受喜爱)
< br>,embrace
(拥抱
,
抓住
(
机会
)
)<
/p>
·
4
encompass
(包围),
em
body
(体现),
embed
(嵌入
)
35
.
i
ntro
内在
intracard
iac
(心脏内部的),
intramolecular
(分子内部的),
intracelular
(细胞内部
的)
,
< br>introvert
(内向的)
36
.
intro-
到??中
introduce
(介绍),
introspect
(反省,内省)
p>
37
.
dys-
坏
dyspepsia
(消化不良)
,
dysentry
(痢疾)
p>
38
.
Eu-
优,
美好
eulogy
(颂词),
p>
euphony
(悦耳的声音)
,
euphemism
(婉言)
39
.
ambi-,amphi-
两者
amphibian
(两栖的),
am
bidextrous
(两只手都很灵巧的
;
< br>心怀二意的
;
非常灵巧的)
40
.
penta-
< br>五
pentagon
(五角
大楼),
pentagram
(五角星),
pentameter
(五步诗句)
< br>41
.
sex-
六
sexangle
(六角),
< br>sexennial
(六年一度的)
42
.
sept-
七
September
九月(古罗马的七月),
septennial
(七年一度)
43
.
p>
hepta-
七
heptab
(七个成套之物)
,heptagon
(七角形)
44
.
octa-,octo,oct
八
octagon
(八角形),
octu
ple
(八倍),
October
(
十月
)
,
octopus
(章鱼)
45
.
nona-,ennea-
九
nonagon
(九角形),
< br>ennead
(九个一组)
46
.
deci-,deca-
十
p>
decimal
(十进位,小数),<
/p>
decagramme
(十克)
,
decade
(十年)
47
.
centi-
百
centimeter
(厘米),
centipede
(蜈蚣)
< br>
48
.
milli-
千
millenias
< br>(千年的),
millimeter
(毫米)
,
millennium
(千年)
, milligram
49
.
Kilo-
千
kilowatt
(千瓦),
kilometer<
/p>
(千米),
kilogram
(千克)<
/p>
, kilocalorie
后缀
1
.<
/p>
-ster
,
-eer
< br>,
-er
(
or,ar
)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(
person
engaged
in
an
occupation
or
act
ivity
)
例词:
gamester
,
gangster
,
songster
,
engineer
,
profiteer
,
mo
untaineer
,
auctioneer
< br>,
driver
,
teache
r
,
director
,
actor
,
professor,
visitor,
beggar,
weaponeer, profiteer, supervisor
2
.
-let
意为:
小
不重要
环形的东西
(
small
,
unimportant
or
round
thing
)
例词:
booklet
,
leaflet
,
starlet ,islet,
piglet
,
bracelet, armlet,
3
.
-ette
意为
:
1
)小的东西(
small
)例词:
cigarette
2
)假的东西(
imitation
)例词:
·
5
leatherette 3
)女性(
female
)例词:
usherette
4
.
-ess
意为:女性(
female
)例词:
actress
,
poetess
,
< br>hostess
,
paintress
5
.
-hood
意为:时期
(
status
;
etc
.)例词:
boyhood
,
childhood
,
manhood
< br>6
.
-ship
意为:才能,<
/p>
状态,
资格,
品质等
(
skill
,
state
,
condition
,
status
,
quality
)
例词:
leadership
,
friendship
,
membershi
p
,
lectureship
,
sportsmanship,
scholarship,
authorship, fellowship, hardship
7
.
-ful
意为:
p>
数量
(
the
amount
which
noun
contains
)
例词:
cupful
,
handful
< br>,
mouthful
,
spoonful ,armful,
roomful
8
.
-tion<
/p>
,
-ion
意为:
1
)
状态,
行动等
< br>(
state
;
action<
/p>
;
etc
.
)<
/p>
例词:
action
,
< br>oppression
,
possession
,
education
,
starvation
2
)
机构等
(
institution
;
etc
.
)
例词:
p>
organization
,
foundation
9
.
-ment
意为
:状态,行动等(
state
;
ac
tion
;
etc
.)例词:
movement
,
enslavement<
/p>
,
pavement, entertainment,
enjoyment, monument
10
.
-al
意为:
动作
(
p>
action
)
例词:
arrival
,
refusal
,
revival
,
recital<
/p>
,
removal,
survival,
denial, musical <
/p>
11
.
-age
意为:
程度,
数量等
(
extent
;
amount
;
etc
.
)
例词:
wastage
,
cover
age
,
acreage
,
shrinkage
,
breakage
,
hostage, percentage, wreckage
12
.
-ness
;
-ity
(
ty
)
意为:
状态,
品质
(
state
;
qua
lity
;
etc
.
< br>)
例词:
happiness
,
usefulness
,
selfi
shness
,
kindness
,<
/p>
rapidity
,
activity<
/p>
,
sanity
,
changeability, regularity,
popularity,
honesty, treaty, creativity
13
< br>.
-ism
意为:道义,主义,学说等(
doctrine of
,
practice of<
/p>
)例词:
idealism
,
impressionism
,
absenteeism
,
racism
,journalism
,
me-tooism,
Marxism, Socialism,
Communism,
Chauvinism, sexism,
二、动词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1
.
-ify
意为:
转为,
变为
(
to
turn
into
,
to
make
or
become
)
例词:
beautify
< br>,
diversify
,
simplify, purify,
identify, personify, signify, glorify
2
.
-ize
;
-en
意为:
使??,
变得??
p>
(
to
make
or
become
;
to
make
< br>into
)
例词:
modern
ize
,
popularize
,
p>
legalize
,
hospitaliz
e
,
symbolize
,
ripen
,
widen
,
heighten
,
threate
n
3
.
-ate
< br>意为:
增加,
使??
(
give
or
add
,
make
or
become
)
例词:
originate
,
hydrogenate
,
validate
< br>,
differentiate
三、形容词后缀:
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1
.
-ful
意为:充满,有(
p>
full of
;
hav- ing
;
giving
;
e
tc
.)例词:
useful
,
pitiful
,
hopeful
,
helpful
,<
/p>
forgetful
,
thankful
,
fearful, joyful
2
.
-less
意为:
没有,
无
(
withou
t
;
not
giving
)
例词:
speechless
< br>,
childless
,
har
mless
,
hopeless
,
p>
meaningless, footless, penniless,
jobless, aimless
3
.
< br>-ly
意为:
有??品质的
(<
/p>
having
the
qualities
of
)
例词:
beastly
,
manly
,
brotherly
,
friendly,
comradely, motherly, daily, deadly, likely, lovely
4
.
-like
意为:像??的(
like
)例词:
childlike
,
statesmanlike
,
tiger-like
5
< br>.
-y
;
-ish
意为:像??一般的(
somewhat
like
)例词:
meaty
,
sandy
,
silky
,
hairy
,
·
6
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