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8B U5
Good manners
一
.
知识点归纳：
1.
politely
adv.
礼貌地
eg. We should speak to the old
people
politely
.
polite ----
impolite
eg. It is
impolite
to laugh at others.
2. litter
n.
垃圾（不可数）
近义词
rubbish
（不可数）
eg. Don’t dro
litter/rubbish
everywhere.
There is a public sign
saying “No
Littering
”.
3. run
v.
流动；跑；
（车辆、机器）开动，运转
run--- ran --- run---- running
eg. Don’t leave
the tap
.
The boy
away when he saw his
father.
The machine
very well.
4.
pick
v.
采摘
pick
flowers in the park
①
pick out
1.
挑选出
;
拣出
Let me
pick
out
some good ones for you.
2.
辨认出
It's easy to
pick
him
out
in a crowd because
he is very tall.
②
pick up 1.
拾起
The boy
picked up
the hat for the old man.
2.
收拾
You should
pick
up
the tools after work.
3.
学到
;
获得
He was
picking
up
the skills quickly.
4.
与
...
偶然结识
(
常指与异性调情
)
We
picked up
a
couple of girls at the pub last Friday.
5.
搭便车
③
pick off
摘掉
;
取走
You should not
pick off
any of the flowers.
④
pick at
1.
吃得很少
The boy is only
picking
at
his food.
2.
找
...
的岔
;
挑毛病
Why are you
always
picking at
me?
5. turn
n.
轮流
①
It is one’s
turn
to do sth.
轮到某人做某事
②
take
turns
to do sth.= do sth. in
turn
= do sth by
turns
轮流做某事
eg. It is your
turn
to make a decision.
They took
to do the
housework.
= They did the
housework
turn
/
turns
.
6. proper
adj.
恰当的
英文释义：
right or correct
properly
adv.
eg. He could not come up with a
answer.
I don’t think he’s doing
his job
.
7.
shake
sb’s hands=
shake
hands with sb.
与某人握手
shake-shook-shaken
eg. When you
meet a person for the first time, you can
shake
his/her hands.
People usually
shake
hands with each other
when they meet.
8. kiss n.
亲吻
kisses
v.
亲吻
kiss sb.
hello/goodbye
吻别
eg. Do they
greet people with a kiss?
9. close.
adj.
亲密的
close
friends
靠近的
be close to = near
v.
关闭
closed adj.
关着的
反义词
open
eg. His house is
to the factory.
Remember to
he door when you leave.
I found the door
at that time.
10.
conversation n
（非正式）交谈
英文释义：
a small
talk
conversation
一般用词，指两个或更多人互相交换意见的交谈。
dialogue
指
“
对话
”
。
talk
普通用词，可与
conversation
换用，指正式交谈
。
chat
指熟人之间非常随便的交谈，强调谈话的亲密和非正式性。
eg. How do people start a
conversation
?
11.
avoid v.
避免
英文释义：
try not to do sth
avoid
doing sth/
avoid
sth
eg. You should
avoid
such mistakes.
To
avoid
hitting the truck, he
ran into the wall and his arm was badly hurt.
12. subject n.
话题；主题；科目
eg. But
please avoid
subjects
like
age, weight or money.
My favourite
subject
is English.
[
辨析
] class,
lesson, course
①
class
一节课
attend class
听课，上课
in
class
在课上
eg. We
have four
classes
in the
morning.
②
lesson
教材中一课
eg.
I helped her with her
lessons
.
Lesson
One is more
important.
③
course
一段时间内学完的完整课程
eg.
This term I’m taking five
courses
.
n.
群体
in public
adj.
公共的，公开的
public signs
eg. The museum is open to
the
public
every day.
Don’t speak
loudly
in public
.
Do people there
behave politely
in public
?
14. push v.
推，挤
英文释义：
go in front of other
people who are waiting
push past sb.
从某人身边挤过去
[
拓展
]
①
push on
继续前进
The path was barely visible, but we
pushed on.
②
push in
插队
cut in
（
on
sb/sth
）
插嘴
Don't cut in on your mother
when she is speaking.
Don't cut in on
other people's conversation
③
push off
出发
The team
pushed off before dawn.
④
push along= push ahead
[forward/on]
奋力前进
;
抓紧进行
15. in
one’s
/the way
挡某人路
eg. You will
have to move
–
you are in my
way.
[
拓展
]
< br>①
in a /some way
在某种程度上
②
by the way
顺便说一句
By the way,
how are your grandparents?
③
make one’s way
让路
④
on the way
to……
去某地
(on the
way home
；
on the way to
school)
16. touch v.
触摸，感动
n.
触摸
①
keep in touch
保持联系
②
in touch with
与
…
联系
③
out of touch
不了解某事
eg. Please
don’t
touch
anything in the
room.
The story of the ugly man really
touched
me.
17.
excuse.
v.
原谅
excuse me
劳驾
n.
借口
(
可数
)
问路
Excuse me
, where is the
shop?
客气地请求允许
Excuse me,
may I ask you a
question?
客气地纠正别人的话
Excuse me
, it is a bird.
打扰他人
Excuse me
, I’d like you to
move a little.
eg. He made a
good
excuse
for being late
for school.
18. loudly
adv.
大声地
British people don’t like
to shout or laugh
loudly.
19. till
conj.
到
…
时，
直到
…
为止
= until
（位于句首，只能用
u
ntil
）
prep.
到
…
时
肯定句：动作持续到…
否定句
(not
…
until/till)
：
直到
…
才
eg.
She watched TV
until/till her mother came back.
她一直在看电视，直到她母亲回来。
（看电视的动作延续到母亲回来才结束。
）
She did
n't
watch
TV until/till her mother came back.
直到她
母亲回来她才
（开始）
看电视。
（看电视的动作直到她母亲回来才发生。
）
Until
I finished my
homework, Mother didn't let me out.
20.
as well (as)
也；还有
eg. British people are very polite at
home
as well
, aren’t
they?
My brother likes playing
football
.
= My brother
likes playing football.
=My
brother likes playing football,
.
否定句
My brother doesn’t like playing
football
.
as well as
也；和…一样好
eg. Your
wife as well as you is friendly to
me.(
就远原则
)
The
boss provided lunch
breakfast.
He plays the guitar as well as
you.
（同级比较，和…一样好）
21. as conj.
正如；当
…
时候；
因为
eg. As you
know, Julie is leaving soon.
As I was coming
here, I met your brother.
As it was raining, I stayed
at home.
[
拓展
]
①
as…as
像
②
the same… as
和
…
一样
③
as soon as
possible
尽快地
④
as if/ though
好像
⑤
such as
比如
22. by
accident/chance
偶然
hit
sb./sth by accident
23. discussion n.
讨论
discuss v.
讨论
①
have a
discussion
with sb.
和某人讨论
②
discuss
sth with
sb
和某人讨论某事
eg.
She didn’t join the
.
They
are
the problem
with the teachers.
24. express v.
表达
expression n.
表达
①
beyond expression
无法形容
②
express oneself
表明态度
eg. He
didn’t
express
himself
clearly.
25. explain v.
解释
explanation
n.
explain (sth)
to sb
像某人解释某事
explain +
从句
eg. I don’t
want to
explain
anything.
Mr Wu is patient enough to
explain
things to us.
He
explained
how the machine was used.
26.
keep sb. from doing
阻止某人做某事
keep sb doing
让某人一直做某事
keep sb/sth
adj.
使
…
保持状态
keep sb from sth
保护，使免受
keep
quiet/silent
eg.
keep
us safe from danger
I
keep
the window open because
it is too hot.
My father
keeps
me staying at home.
Tom tried to
keep
himself from sleeping.
27. be busy with sth
忙于做某事
He is busy with his work day and
night.
be busy (in) doing
sth
忙于做某事
Millie
is busy (in) writing an email.
28. warn
v.
警告
①
warn sb (not) to do sth
警告某人不要做某事
②
warn sb of/about sth
警告某人某事
eg.
The police
us
go
out alone at night.
I
him
/
the danger.
29. parking
n.
停车
There is a public sign
saying “No
”.