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插入语的定义
在一个句子中间插入一个成分,
它不
作句子的何种成分,也不和句子的何
种成分发生结构关系,
同时既不起连
接作用,
也不表示语气
,
这个成分称之
插入语。
如
“这堆砂土
,
充其量有十辆
卡车就运去了”
“我家后面有一个很
大的园子
< br>,
相传叫做百草园”
中的
“充<
/p>
其量”和“相传”即是插入语。
插入语的作用
插入语一般对一句话作
一些附加的
说明。它是中学英语语法的重点,也
是高考的考点。
通常与句中其它部分
没有语法上的联系,将它删掉之后,
句子结
构仍然完整。插入语在句中有
时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明
或总结;有时表达说话者的态度和看
法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了
引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题
或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启
下,使句子衔接得更紧密一些。
插入语的类型
掌握这一语言现象不仅有利于对英
语句子等的理解,还有利于提高写作
等的水平。插入语的类型较多,常见
的如下几种:
一、形容词(短语)作插入语。
能用
作插入语的形容词(短语)常见
的有:
true
,
wonderful
,
ex
cellent
,
strange to
say
,
most important of
all
,
sure
enough
等。
如:
True
,
it would
be
too
bad.
真
的
,
太
糟
了<
/p>
。
Wonderful
,
we have
won again.
太好
了,我们又赢了。
Strange
to
say
,
he
hasn
’
t got my letter up to
now.
说
来也奇怪,他到现在还没
有收到我的
信。
Most
important of all
,
we must
learn all the skills.
最重要的是,
我们
必须掌握所有的技巧。
二、副词(短语)作插入语。
能用作插入语的副词(短语)有:
indeed
,
p>
surely
,
still
,
otherwise
,
ce
rtainly
,
however
,<
/p>
generally
,
personally
,
honestly
,
fortunately
,
luckily
,
though
,
besides
,
exactly
p>
,
perhaps
,
maybe
,
probably
,<
/p>
frankly
,
or
rather
等。
如:
When
he
got
there
,
he
< br>found
,
however
,
that
the
weather
was
too
bad.
可是到了那儿
之后他发现,那儿的天气太坏了。
Otherwise
,
he
would still be at home.
不然的话,他还会在家的。
三、介词短语作插入语。
能用作插入语的介词短语有:
in
fact
,
in
one
’
s
opinion
,
in
general
,
in a
word
,
in
other
words
,
in
a
few
words
,
of
course
,
by
the
way
,
as
a
result
,
for
example
,
on the
contrary
,
on the other
hand
,
to
one
’
s
surprise
,
in
short
,
as
a matter
of fact
,
in
conclusion
,
in
brief
等。
如:
You
can
’
t wait anymore-in
other words
,
you
should start at once.
你不能再等了
——换言之,你得立即
出发。
On
the
contrary
,
we
should
strengthen
our
cooperation
with
them.
相反,我们应该加强和他们的合作。
四、
V-ing
(短语)作插入语。
能用作插入语的
V-ing
(短语)常
见
的
有
:
ge
nerally
speaking
,
strictly
speaking
,
judging
from by
,
talking
of
,
considering
等。
如
:
Generally
speaking
,
the
weather
there
is
neither
too
cold
in
winter
nor
too
hot
in
summer.
一般来说,
那儿的气候冬天
不太冷,
夏天不太热。
Judging by his
clothes
,
he may be
an artist.
从衣着
来判断,他可能是个艺术家。
五、不定式短语作插入语。
能用作插入语的不定式短语有:
to be
frank
,
to be
honest
,
to be
sure
,
to tell
you
the truth
,
to make matters
worse
,
to sum
up
,
to start
with
,
to begin
with
等。
如:
To be
frank
,
I
don
’
t quite
agree
with you.
坦率地说,
我不
太同
意你的意见。
To tell
you the truth
,
I
’<
/p>
m
not
so
interested
in
the
matter.
跟
< br>你说实话,我对这件事情的兴趣不
大。
To sum up
,
success
results from
hard work.
总而言之,
成功是艰苦努
力的结果。
六、句子(陈述句和一般疑问句)作
插入语。<
/p>
能用作插入语的句子有:
I am
sure
,
I
believe
,
I
think
,
I
know
,
I
suppose
,
I hope
,
p>
I
’
m
afraid
,
you
see
,
what
’
s
more
,
that is to
say
,
as we
know
,
as
I
see
,
believe
it
or
not
等。
如:
Some animals
only half-hibernate
,
that
is to say
,
their
sleep is not such a deep
one.
有些动物只是半冬眠,
p>
就是说,
它们的睡眠并不是深度睡眠。
I
believe
,
China
will
catch
up
with
the
developed
countries
sooner
or
later.
我确信,中国迟早会赶上发达国家。
He
can
’
t
pass
the
exam
,
because
he
doesn
’
t
study hard.
What
’
s
more
,
he
isn
’
t
so clever.
他不能通过这
次考试,因为他学习不认真,更何况
他又不太聪明。
插入语的使用
插入语
(句)是说话者对所表达意思
的补充、
强调、
< br>解释或者说话的态度,
其位置灵活,常常用逗号或破折号与
其他成分隔开,并且在语法上不影响
其他成分。例如:
I
think
,
she
has
no
feeling
for
your
trouble. / She
,
I think
,
has no feeling
for your
trouble.
我想,她对你的遭遇
无动于衷。
一
.
插入语的出现形式
1.
插入语常以副词(副词短语)
、形
容词(形容词短
语)
、介词短语、非
谓语动词短语等形式出现。
(
1
)常见的副词及短语:
indeed
,
surely
,
however
,
obviously
,
frankly
,
naturally
,
luckily / happily
for sb.
certainly
等。
(
2
)
常见的形容词及短语:
funny
,
needless
to
say
(不用说)
,
most
important of all
等。
(
3
)
常见的介词短语:
by the way
,
in a few words / in sum / in short
(简
而言之)
,
in other words
,
in general
,
in one's opinion / judgment
(
按照某人
的意见)
,
in fact
,
in the first
place
,
of
course
,
to
one's
knowledge
/
surprise
/
regret
/satisfaction
/
mind
/
joy /
disappointment
等。
(
4
)
常见的现在分词短语:
strictly
/
generally
/
honestly
/
personally
/
exactly / physically / speaking
(严格
地
/
一
般
地
/
坦
诚
地<
/p>
等
)
说
;
judging from / by
?(根据??判断)
等。
(
5
)
常见的动词不定式短语:
to be
sure
(无疑地)
,
to
sum
up
(概括
地说)
,
to tell the
truth
,
to be
honest
,
to
be
short
,
to
conclude
,
to
put
it
briefly
,
to put it in another
way
,
to
begin
(
start
)
with
等。
注意:上述单词或短语作插入语和状
语时的区别。例如:
(
1
)
Frankly
,
he'd like to listen to
music.
(副词作插入语,表示说话人的态
度)
Here you should speak frankly.
(副词作状语)
(
2
)
True
,
your
daughter
is
at
home now.
(形容词作插入语)
He came
back
,
hungry and
tired.
(形
容词作状语)
(
3
)
Judging from
what he said
,
he
does
look
down
his
elder
brother.
(现在分词作插入语,其主语不是句
中的主语,只是说话者的附加说明)
Seeing from the
window
,
he can
see
the lake.
(现在分词作状语,逻辑主
p>
语是句中的主语
he
)
(
4
)
To
tell
you
the
truth
,
he
doesn't quite agree with
this idea.
(不
定式作插入语,动作主体不是句中
的
主语,只是说话者的附加说明)
To
buy
the
machine
,
he
went
to
Beijing.
(不定式作目的状语,逻辑
主语是句中的主语
he
)
2.
插
入句为简短的、
具有完整意义的
句子。常见的插入句如下:
p>
I
think
/
hope
/
guess
/
know
/
believe
/
suppose
,
I am sure
(我可以肯定地
说)
,
that is
(
to say
< br>)
(也就是说)
,
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