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features of narration

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-14 01:44
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2021年2月14日发(作者:亲切)


英语文体学中,所谓叙述,



分为三类,



一戏剧性叙述;二,总结性叙述;三,概括性叙述




戏剧性叙述,主要指通过“视觉联想”展开的描述,常常需要 诉诸对客观事物的外形、外貌


的描写以及对内心活动的形象剖析。


戏剧性叙述注重的是场景、


行为包括人物的内心活动以


及情节 的细节描绘。英语小说、戏剧、散文、特写中的人物和景物描写、对话及内心活动的


描述 都属此类。




总结性叙述,


主要指通过对时间和空间的


“压缩”


展开的描述 ,


常常不需要着力于细节描写,


而更重在对行为或事件的艺术选 择。


该类叙述多用于传记、


历史记事或游记。

< br>英美许多小说


中的“倒叙”属于典型的总结性叙述。




概括性叙述,


主要指叙述中比较概念 化、


一般化的几许,


常常涉及作品中人物或作者本人的


习惯动作或行为。


其职能往往是烘托气氛以及反映作者或作品中人物的一 般情态。


其一般特


征是平铺直叙




描述以及叙述文一般具有的特点:





用词汇最丰富



在所有英语文体中,< /p>


描述及记叙文用词最丰富,词汇量最大,


原因

1


题材范围广,


文艺及传


记性作品 所涉及的题材范围实际上是“无边无际”的:哲学、伦理、历史、文学、艺术、宗


教、法 律、军事、政治、经济、社会、科技等无所不有。


2


描述及叙 述文在创作时它的深度


和广度实际上是


“无边无际”

< p>
的:


可由表及里、


由此及彼,

古往今来,


虚虚实实;


涉及相貌、


形状、声音、色彩、质地、感官反应、精神活动、思想活动、心理等



如文艺作品中出现的描绘“红色”的词汇为例



Red


Sable


Ruby



Cognac


Pink


Light pink


Blush pink


Raspberry


Tiger lily


Copper red



Rust


Rosy


Dusty rose



Bright red


Butterscotch


Wisteria


Plum red


Driftwood


Burgundy


Mahogany



红色



淡褐红色



红宝石色



深洋红色



浅红



粉红



洋红



暗红



橙色



赤铜色



铁红



玫瑰红



深洋红



艳红



黄红杂色



紫红



紫红



淡红木色



红葡萄酒色



桃花心木色




3


描叙及叙述文用词语域最宽,正式用语,非正式用语,口语 ,书面语,俚语,行话,方言


等,五花八门,无所不包,甚至某些作品有大量的作者生造 的词汇(


coinage







语言现象最丰富



其表现如下:


1


语法现象多,


特别是假设语气、


绝对式分词结构等其他文体较少使用的语法。


2


句型多变化,


特别是复杂句、

< p>
省略句等。


3


修辞手段多,

特别是比喻,


比拟,


夸张,


强调,


到装等






情态最丰富



如果说论述文主要诉诸于 理性,


那么叙述文主要着重于人的情感,


前者强调的是说服力,



者关注的是感染力。






风格最多样



描述及记叙文中因时代的 不同而具有不同的风格,同时,又因为作家的不同而又风格迥异。












Model


Miss Brill


Katherine Mansfield


Although


it


was


so


brilliantly


fine--the


blue


sky


powdered


with


gold


and


the great spots of light like white wine splashed over the Jardins


Publiques--Mis Brill was glad that she had decided on her


air was


motionless


,but when you opened you mouth there was just a faint



chill,


like


a


chill


from


a


galss


of



iced



water


before


you


sip,and


now


and


again


a


leaf


came


drifting--from


nowhere


,


from


the



Brill


put


up


her hand and touched her fur,Dear little thing!It was nice to feel it


had taken it out of its box that afternoon,shaken out the


moth- powder


,given


it


a


good


brush,and


rubbed


the


back


into


the


dim


little


eyes.


sweet it was to see which was of some black composition,wasn't at all



must


have


had


a


knock,somehow,Never


mind---a


little


dab


of


black


sealing-wax


when


the


time


came-- when


it


was


absolutely


necessary...Little


rogue!


Yes,she really felt like that about it ,Little rogue bitting its


tail just by her left could have takenit off and laid it on her


lap


and


stroked



felt


a


tingling



in


her


hands


and


arms,but


that


came


from walking,she when she breathed,something light and


sad-- no,but sad,exactly--something gentle seemed to move in her


bosom.



There were a number of people out this afternoon,far more than last



the


band


sounded


louder


and


gayer


.That


was


because


the


Season


had



although


the


band


played


all


the


year


round


on


Sundays,out


of season it was never the was like someone playng with only the


family to listen;it didn't care hot it played if there weren't any


strangers


't


the


conductor


wearing a


new


coat,too?She


was sure it was scraped with his foot and


flapped


his arms like


a


rooster


about to


crow,


and the


bandsmen


sitting in the green



rotunda


blew out their cheeks and galared at the there came a


little


flutey


bit--very pretty!---a little chain of bright drops,She


was sure it would be repeated,It was she lifted her head and smiled.


Only two people shared her




)


coat,his


hands


clasped



over


a


huge


carved



a


big


old


woman,sitting upright(


笔直的


,


竖立的


) .,with a roll of knitting on her


embroidered


apron(


围裙


).They did not speak,This was disappointing,for


Miss


Brill


always


looked


forward


to


the



had


become


really


quite expert,she thought,at listening as though she didn't listen,at


sitting


in


other


people's


lives


just


for


a


minute


while


they


talked


round


her.

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