2015统考英语B-阅读理解(1)-正误判断

第一部分：正误判断（

15

篇）

（

1-6

< br>篇有分析，

7-15

篇尝试自己分析一下，不懂可以问我 ）

Passage 1

No one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon and part of it taken out.

Today, however, we needn't worry about feeling pain during the operation. The sick person falls

into a kind of sleep, and when he awakes, the operation is finished. But these happy conditions are

fairly new. It is not many years since a man who had to have operation felt all its pain.

Long ago, operation had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. Soon

after

1770,

Josept

Priestley

discovered

a

gas

which

is

now

called

'laughing

gas'.

Laughing

gas

became known in America. Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of them spent

their time laughing, but one man at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people didn't seem to feel

pain when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself. He asked a

friend to help him.

Wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of Well's teeth. Wells felt no pain at

all.

As he didn't know enough about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have.

The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out.

Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells never

forgot this terrible event.

is not long since a man felt all the pain while being operated.

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

ago, when the sick man was operated on, he could feel nothing.

the laughing gas, the people seemed to feel pain during the operation.

a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he still felt pain.

who took too much of the laughing gas would die.

A

：

T

B

：

F

Passage 2

In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can

have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. They

will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.

How

do

I

know

when

I

have

found

a

good

friend?

I

look

for

certain

qualities

of

character,

especially understanding, honesty and reliability (

可靠

).

A

good

friend,

above

all

else,

tries

to

understand

how another

person

is

feeling. He

is

not

quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person's place,

and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.

At the same time, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices

their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me.

Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me

he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor,

he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.

When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I've found a friend!

writer thinks that one of the important qualities in choosing a friend is understanding.

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

you have fair weather friends, you will be lucky.

friends need to understand each other's feelings.

passage is mainly discussing the qualities of a friend.

meaning

of

the

phrase

'a

fair

weather

friend'

underlined

in

the

1st

paragraph

is

a

friend

who shares difficulties with you

A

：

T

B

：

F

Passage 3

There was once an ant that was very thirsty. It ran here and there looking for some water but

could not find any. Then suddenly, when the ant was almost ready to die of thirst, a large drop of

water fell on it. The ant drank the water, which saved its life. The water was actually a tear from a

young girl who was crying. Because of her sadness, the tear had magical qualities and suddenly

the ant could speak the language of human beings.

The ant looked up and saw the young girl sitting in front of a huge pile of seeds.

separate heaps of grain, barley

（大麦）

and rye

（黑麦）

out of this huge pile of seeds in which they

are all mixed to gether.

supper!

Soon thousands of ants were at work, separating the three kinds of seeds.

The next morning, when the giant saw that the work had been done, he let the girl go.

Thus it was one of her tears that saved her life.

ant was playing when it ran here and there.

A

：

T

B

：

F

drop of water fell on the ant when it was nearly dying.

A

：

T

B

：

F

young girl was crying because she wanted to have supper.

A

：

T

B

：

F

giant would eat the girl if she failed to do the work.

A

：

T

B

：

F

ant's friends saved the girl's life.

A

：

T

B

：

F

Passage 4

Mr. White lived in a small village. His parents hadn't enough money to send him to school.

He had

to

help

them

to

do something

in

the

fields. But

he didn't

like

to

live

in

the

poor

place.

When he was sixteen, he got to the town and found work in a factory. Three years later he became

tall and strong. So he was sent to Africa as a soldier. He stayed there for five years and got some

money. Then he came back to England and bought a shop in a small town. No people in the town

went to Africa except him. And he hoped they thought he was a famous man and that they could

respect him. The children often asked him to tell them some stories and his life in Africa.

One day a few children asked him to tell them something about the animals in Africa. He told

them

how

he

fought

with

the

tigers

and

elephants.

His

stories

surprised

them

all

and

some

policemen

and

workers

went

to

listen

to

him.

It

made

him

happier.

Just

a

man

who

taught

geography in a middle school passed there. He stopped to listen to him for a while and then said,

“Could you please tell us a rare animal, sir?”

''Certainly,' said Mr. Turner. “One day I met a rhinoceros

（犀牛）

by a river…''

“Please wait a minute, sir,” said the man. “There aren't any rhinoceros in Africa at all!''

“It's rare just because there aren't any!”

. White was born in a farmer's family.

A

：

T

B

：

F

. White hoped to be respected because he was the richest man in their town.

A

：

T

B

：

F

children often asked him to tell them something interesting because he knew more than any

other person in the town.

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

Passage 5

There were once many sheiks

（阿拉伯的酋长）

who wanted to marry Queen Maura, for she

was one of the most beautiful and powerful queens of Arabia.

However, she did not like most of the sheiks, and soon there were only three left on her list of

possible husbands.

These three sheiks were all equally young and handsome, rich and strong.

It was very hard for the Queen to choose the best one.

One

evening,

she

disguised

herself

and

went

to

where

the

three

sheiks

were

having

their

evening meal.

She asked them to give her something to eat.

The first sheik gave her some stale

（不新鲜的）

food left over from the day before.

The second sheik gave her a tough piece of old camel's tail.

The third sheik, whose name was Hakim, gave her some of the most tender

（嫩的）

and tasty

meat.

After the meal, Queen Maura left the sheiks' camp.

The next day, she invited the three sheiks to dinner at her palace.

She told her servants to give each sheik what he had given her the evening before.

Hakim, who received a plate of tender and tasty meat, would not eat it unless the other two

sheiks could share it with him.

Queen Maura was now certain which of the sheiks she wanted to marry.

“Hakim is the most generous of you,” she told them, “so I want to marry him and he will

become king.”

queen was looking for a husband.

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

Queen disguised herself because she didn't want to be recognized by the sheiks.

gave the sheiks some stale food to eat the next evening.

wanted to eat his meal because it was very tasty.

people believed except the children.

. White wouldn't like to admit that he was wrong.

Queen finally decided to marry Hakim the next evening after the meal.

A

：

T

Passage 6

Martin

Luther

King

was

a

black

minister,

who

became

a

great

leader

of

the

civil

rights

movement in the 1950s and 1960s.

King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. When he was young, he was strongly

influenced by Thoreau and Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violent resistance. Having

received

a

Ph.

D

(Doctor

of

Philosophy)

from

Boston

University,

he

became

a

political

and

religious leader of the non-violent civil relights movement in 1955. On August 28, 1963, he led

over

250,000

Americans

on

a

march

in

Washington

D.C.

to

fight

for

the

Civil

Rights

Law

to

guarantee equality for all people, and delivered his best known speech

the Lincoln Memorial. The

White. Thus, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four years

later.

Though he died, he was greatly respected and loved by the Americans, both the white and the

black. By vote of Congress in 1968, the third Monday of every January is now a federal holiday in

Luther King's honor. He lives in people's hearts forever.

1. Martin Luther King was murdered when he was 39 years old.

A. T

B. F

2. Martin Luther King was a black minister only.

A. T

B. F

3. Martin Luther King's Day has been a federal holiday for more than 40 years.

A. T

B. F

4. The underlined word

A. T

B. F

5. The best title for this passage is

A. T

B. F

Passage 7

If

you

travel

by

air

across

the

center

of

Africa

or

South

America,

you

fly

over

forests

for

thousands

of

kilometers.

These

great

forests

are

the

oceans

of

trees.

There

are

thousands

and

thousands of different kinds of plants and animals.

However, the world's forests are getting smaller all the time. We are cutting down the trees

because we need wood, and we need more farmland. Some people say that there will not be any

forests like these in 20 or 30 years. What will happen if they disappear?

If we cut down our forests, a lot of plants and animals will disappear from the world. In a lot

of places the new farmland will soon look like the old deserts. Crops will not grow there. It will

not rain very often, and the weather will get very hot. Perhaps the climate of the world will change.

B

：

F

This will be dangerous for everyone in the world. That is why we must take care of our forests.

passage mainly tells us about the importance of taking care of plants.

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

Passage 8

The French Revolution broke out in 1789. At the time France was in a crisis. The government

was

badly

run

and

people’s

lives

were

miserable.

King

Louis

XIV

tried

to

control

the

national

parliament

and

raise

more

taxes.

But

his

effort

failed.

He

ordered

his

troops

to

Versailles.

The

people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force. On July 14, 1789, they

stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept. Ever since that day, July 14 has

been the French National Day. Louis tried to flee the country in 1792, to get support from Austria

and Prussia. However, he was caught and put in prison. In September 1792, the

monarchy was

abolished. In the same year, Louis was executed. A few months later his wife, Marie, also had her

head

cut

off.

The Revolution

of

France

had

frightened the

other

kings

of Europe. Armies

from

Austria and Prussia began to march against France. The French raised republican armies to defend

the nation. The Revolution went through a period of terror. Thousands of people lost their lives. In

the end, power passed to Napoleon Bonaparte.

passage is about the French Revolution.

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

Passage 9

A foreigner’s first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that everyone is in a rush —

often

under pressure. City people appear always to be hurrying to get where they are going restlessly,

seeking

attention

in

a

store,

and

elbowing

others

as

they

try

to

complete

their

errands

(

任务

).

national economy was developing rapidly in 1789.

political prisoners were kept in Prussia.

underlined word “abolished” mean “ended”.

effect of the Revolution was that the King tried to control the national parliament.

s are homes for different kinds of animals.

need for more wood and more land help to protect our forests.

'll have more and greater forests in 20 or 30 years in some people's view.

writer thinks it necessary to protect the forests.

Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country.

Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating places are waiting for

you to

finish so that they too can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. Each person

hurries to make room for the next person. If you don’t, waiters will hurry you.

You also find drivers will be abrupt and that people will push past you. You will miss smiles,

b

rief conversations, and small courtesies with strangers. Don’t take it personally. This is because

people

value

time

highly,

and

they

resent

someone

else

“wasting”

it

beyond

a

certain

courtesy

point.

The

view

of

time

affects

the

importance

we

attach

to patience.

In

the American

system

of

values, patience is not a high priority. Many of us have what might be called “a short fuse.” We

begin to move restlessly about if we feel time is slipping away without some return

—

be this in

terms

of

pleasure,

work

value,

or

rest.

Those

coming

from

lands

where

time

is

looked

upon

differently

may

find

this

matter

of

pace

to

be

one

of

their

most

difficult

adjustments

in

both

business and daily life.

Many newcomers to the States will miss the opening courtesy of a business call, for example,

they will miss the ritual socializing that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be

traditional in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a café

or coffeehouse.

Normally,

Americans

do

not

assess

their

visitors

in

such

relaxed

surroundings

over

prolonged

small talks. We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague

through social courtesies. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially,

we start talking business very quickly.

statement that Americans are impolite to their business colleagues is wrong.

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

A

：

T

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

B

：

F

Passage 10

Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving

her native country to join her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she

was very happy she could go abroad, she was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends. As she

was

thinking

all

about

this,

she

suddenly

heard

the

airline

employee

asking

her

to

pick

up

her

luggage and put it on the scales (

称

). Maria pulled and pulled. The bag was too heavy and she just

couldn’t lift it up. The man behind her got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his

the fourth paragraph, “a high priority” means “a first concern”.

ans evaluate a business colleague by establishing business relations.

passage mainly talks about how Americans do business with foreigners.

can infer from the passage that the author’s tone in writing is praiseful.

luggage.“What’s wrong with this girl?” He said, “Why doesn’t she hurry up?” He moved

forward

and placed his bag on the counter, hoping to check in first. He was in a hurry to get a good seat.

Maria was very angry, but she was very polite. And in her best English she said, “Why are you so

upset? There are enough seats for everyone on the pl

ane. If you are in such a hurry, why can’t you

give

me

a

hand

with

my

luggage?”The

man

was

surprised

to

hear

Maria

speak

English.

He

quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.

’s story happened on h

er way back to Santo Domingo.

A

：

T

B

：

F

believe that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to check people’s

luggage at the airport.

A

：

T

B

：

F

8.”Why are you so upset?” Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he should

not be

unhappy and worried.

A

：

T

B

：

F

9.”Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.” This sentence means that the people around

felt sorry for Maria’s manners.

A

：

T

B

：

F

author mentioned Maria’s age at the beginning of the story in order to show

that she was

young but behaved properly.

A

：

T

B

：

F

Passage 11

In 1933 an unknown American called Clarence Nash went to see the filmmaker Walt Disney.

He had an unusual voice and he wanted to work in Disney's cartoon

（动画片）

film for children.

When Walt Disney heard Nash's voice, he said,

The

duck

was

the

now-famous

Donald

Duck,

who

first

appeared

in

1934

in

the

film

The

Wise Little Hen. Donald lived in an old houseboat and wore his sailor jacket and hat. Later that

year he became a star after an eight-minute Mickey Mouse film. The cinema audience liked him

because he was lazy and greedy, and because he lost his temper very quickly. And they loved his

voice when he became angry with Mickey's eight nephews. Soon Donald was more popular than

Mickey Mouse himself, probably because he wasn't a goody-goody like Mickey.

In the 1930s, 40s and 50s Donald and his friends Mickey, Goofy and Pluto made hundreds of

Disney

cartoons.

He

also

made

educational

films

about

the

place

of

the

USA

in

the

world

and

safety in the home. Then in 1966 Donald Duck and his voice disappeared---there were no more

new

cartoons.

Clarence

Nash

died

in

February,

1985.

But

today's

children

can

still

see

the

old

cartoons on television and hear that famous voice.

6. Walt Disney made Donald Duck film.

A

：

T

B

：

F

7. The first Donald Duck film was made in 1934.

A

：

T

B

：

F

8. Clarence Nash was a film-maker

A

：

T

B

：

F

9. The underlined word

A

：

T

B

：

F

10.

The

underlined

word

in

the

second

paragraph

means

a

person

who

likes

to

appear to be faultless in behavior.

A

：

T

B

：

F

Passage 12

A man got into a train and found himself sitting opposite a woman who seemed to be about

thirty-five years old. Soon they began talking to each other, and the man said to her,

a family?

And does your son drink wine?

I

congratulate

you,

ma'am,

the

man

said.

does

he

ever

come

home

late

at

night?

six

months

old

today.

But

he

will

grow

up

to

be

a

gentleman,

the

woman

replied

proudly.

6

．

The man and the woman are talking about the woman's son.

A

：

T

B

：

F

7

．

The woman thinks her son will be a gentleman.

A

：

T

B

：

F

8

．

The conversation took place on a train.

A

：

T

B

：

F

9

．

The

word

probably

best

de

scribes

the

man’s

feeling

at

the

end

of

the

conversation.

A

：

T

B

：

F

10

、

The woman is so proud of her son that she does not really understand what the man's questions

mean.

A

：

T

B

：

F

Passage 13

Great changes have been made in family life because of science and industry.

In the past, when more Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a

farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Ofen, too, uncles and aunts

lived

nearby.

But

when

industry

became

more

important

than

agriculture

in

American

life,

families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the

land and to move again whenever necessary. And large families can not be moved from place to

place as smaller families , at present people tend to have smaller families.

In

the

future,

because

of

industrialization,

a

typical

family

will

be

required

to

move

even

more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless

and consists only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take child raising as

their

chief

work.

At

the

same

time

they

may

also

raise

other

people’s

children,

leaving

those

families free to move from job to job.

6. The passage discusses influence of science and industry on American families.

A

：

T

B

：

F

7. Families of the past, the present and the future are described in the passage.

A

：

T

B

：

F

8. People no longer want to have children.

A

：

T

B

：

F

9. Grandparents will take the chief responsibility of raising children in the future.

A

：

T

B

：

F

10. Large families cannot fit in with a highly industrialized society.

A

：

T

B

：

F

Passage 14

Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history. Greaer than whan only a few other

men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a

new

outlook,

a

new

view

of

the

universe.

It

may

be

some

time

before

the

average

mind

understands

fully

the

identity

(

特性

)

of

time

and

space

and

so

on

—

but

even

ordinary

men

understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.

By

1914

the

young

Einstein

had

gained

world

fame.

He

accepted

the

offer

to

become

a

professor

at

the

Prussian

Academy

of

Science

in

Berlin.

He

had

few

duties,

little

teaching

and

unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.

Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office

doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only

when peace came in 1918 was he able to get

back to work.

In

the

years

following

the

First

World

War,

honors

were

increasingly

heaped

on

him.

He

became

the

head

of

the

Kaiser

Whilhem

Institute

of

Theoretical

Physics.

In

1921

he

won

the

Nobel Prize for Physics, and he was highly honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism (

纳粹主

义

) when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.

6. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is the change in human thought produced by Einstein