英语副词的分类及用法

英语副词的分类及用法

一、副词的识别和用法

副词在句子中 作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词本身或者整个句子。我们可以

通过以下方式来识别 副词。

1

、以

-ly

结尾的单一副词。很多副词由“形容词

+ly

”构成，如

carefully, successfully

但要注意的是，“名词

+ly

”构成的是形容词 ，如

friendly, brotherly, lovely, manly

等。

2

< br>、在形容词、副词或者介词短语前。有些副词并不是由加

-ly

< br>构成的，如

often, fast,

there,

then,

very,

quite,

perhaps

等，识 别的办法是：如果它们置于形容词或副词前，便可

断定是副词。例如：

< br>

She asked teachers for advice on her lessons

very often

.

（在副词前）

她经常就学习向老师请教。

Generally, our experiment was

quite successful

.

（在形容词前）

总的说来，我们的试验相当成功。

Much

to my surprise, the cat came to life three days later.

（

< br>在介词短语前

）

使我非常惊奇的是，这只猫三天后又活过来了。

3

、在动词前或者后面。修饰动词时，副词常置于动词前，有时也可后置。例 如：

We

drove slowly

on the muddy road.

我们在泥泞的路上缓慢地行驶。

4< /p>

、单独置于句子之首，或者插在句子中间。单个的词用逗号与句子隔开时，这个词

多半是副词，作状语修饰整个句子。例如：

Fortunately

, I was absent from the house when the earthquake occurred.

幸运的是，地震发生时我不在家。

二、副词的分类

1

< br>、方式副词。多由形容词加

-ly

构成，例如

/ patiently,

mad

/

madly,

sudden

/

suddenly

；也包括由

-l

结尾的形容词，此时< /p>

l

要双写，如

beautiful / beautifully

；一些介词

短语也可以作方式状语。方 式副词用来表行为方式或者状态。例如：

The scientific workers

carefully

watched the situations of the quake lakes day and night.

科学工作者们日夜仔细地监视着堰塞湖的情况。

Though Beethoven heard

badly

, he made it as a great musician.

尽管贝多芬听力很差，却成了一个伟大的科学家。

、

地点副词。

说明事物 的

“方位”

，

如

here, there, abroad, ahead, anywhere, away, back,

forwards, south, left, upstairs, above, behind, below, down, up

等；一些介词短语也可以作地

点状语。例如：

Indoors

it is nice and warm.

Outside

it is snowing heavily.

室内非常温暖，室外大雪纷飞。

Our plane was traveling

north

at 800 km an hour

about 5,000 meters

above the sky

.

< /p>

我们的飞机正以每小时八百公里的速度在

5

千米高空向北飞行。

1

3

、

时间副词。

说明 动作行为的时间，

如

today, tomorrow, yesterday, age, early, late, later,

already, afterwards, lately, recently, then, now, soon, once, just, immediately, nowadays, yet,

still

以及介词短语和名 词词组，

如

sat last, at once, another day, some day, these years

等。

例

如：

That day

we arrived at the airport too

early

, so we went to the café

for some coffee.

那天我们到达机场太早了，所以去咖啡馆喝了点咖啡。

He started working at Lawson’s

seven months ago

and worked there

for only four months

.

他七个月前开始在劳森店里干活，只在那里工作了四个月。

< /p>

4

、频度副词。表某行为或动作发生的频度，即多久发生一次，包 括表确定性的频度

副词如

once, twice, three times a month

，

daily, monthly,

yearly, annually, every

day, every

three years

等，以及表非确定性的频度副词（按频度大小排列）：

always, almost, usually/

regularly, often/ frequently, sometimes/ occasionally, ever, hardly/ scarcely/ seldom, never

。还

有一些 词组如

again and again, at times, from time to time, now and then

等。例如：

There

’

s a collection from the letter box

twice daily

.

这个信箱每天收两次信。

Public transport isn’t

always

very reliable.

公共交通并不总是可靠的。

5

、

程度副词。

用来回答

To what extent?

（到什么程度？）

的问题，

最常用的有

almost,

altogether,

very,

barely,

enough,

fairly,

hardly,

nearly,

quite,

rather,

somewhat,

too,

much,

pretty, a lot

等，这些词大都用在它们所修饰的词之前。例如：

The destruction caused by Wenchuan Earthquake is

very

fearful.

汶川地震造成的破坏非常巨大。

I

quite

enjoy mountain holidays.

我相当喜欢在山区度假。

6

、焦点副词（

focus adve rbs

）。

“集中注意”时用的副词，如

even, just, merely, only,

really, simply

等以及

too, as well

，可以用在所修饰的词之前，使人对其集中注意。例如：

Even

two years olds know that 2 and 2 makes 4.

即使两岁孩子都知道

< br>2

加

2

等于

4

。

I like John and I like his wife and children,

too / as well

.

我喜欢约翰，也喜欢他的妻子和孩子。

7

、评述性副词。也叫观点副词，表说话人的态度、观点，常用的有

< br>clearly,

frankly,

honestly,

generally,

briefly,

personally,

hopefully,

shortly/

in

short,

fortunately,

luckily,

evidently, normally

等，这类词多出现在句首。例如：

Frankly

, I am not satisfied with your work.

坦率地说，我对你的工作并不满意。

He smiled nastily. He

evidently

knew something I didn’t.

他发出狞笑。显然知道一些我所不知道的事。

8

、连接副词。用来对前面所说的话作补充、修饰或总结等，这类副词有

however,

meanwhile, as a result, at the same time, on the contrary, furthermore

等。值得注意的是，这

2