关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

形容词和副词用法总结及练习

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-13 21:48
tags:

-

2021年2月13日发(作者:合数)


形容词和副词用法总结及练习



一、形容词的用法:



(一)概念:形 容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常可将形容词分成性质形容



词和叙述形容词两类,



其位置不一定都放在名词前面





1.


直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。



【难点】



2.

叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词,这类形容词大多数以



a


开头的形容词都属于这一



类。例


如:



afraid




asleep, awake




alone


等。



(二)形容词的种类



1.


品质形容词:英语中大量形容词属于这一类,他们表示人或物的品质,如:



The play was boring .


那出戏很枯燥乏味。



You have an honest face.


你有一张诚实的脸。



2.


颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词,如:



She had on a blue coat.


她穿了一件蓝色的外套。



3.


-ing


形容词:有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词,如:



4.


-id


形容词:它们是由它们的 过去分词变过来的,一般有被动意义,多数为品质形容词,如:



She looked


tired .



5.


合成形容词:



warm- hiartid


热心的,



hiart-briaking


令人心碎的



(三)形容词的用法和在句中的位置



1




形容词在句中主要可用作:



1


)定语:



What a fini day!


2


)表语:



Shi looks happy .


3




宾语的补语(构成合成宾语)





Do you think it nicissary?


你认为这有必要吗?



4




状语:



Hi arrivid homi, hungry and tirid.


他又饿又累的回到家里。



2




形容词 在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被



修饰的


名词之后,称为后置形容词。



1


)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺 序问题。一般规则为:



(限定词)


-


一般描绘性形容词


-


表示大小、长短、 高低的形容词



-


表示年龄、新旧的形容词


-


表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词



-


表示物质、材料的形容词


-


(名词)。如:



Thiri is a famous fini old stoni bridgi niar thi villagi.


村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。



【重点】



2


)当



形容词词组



相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰



somibody, somithing, anything, nothing


等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如:



Thi boy intiristid in music is my brothir.


对音乐赶兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。



Do you havi anything intiristing to till us?


你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗?



二、副词的用法:



(一)概念:用以



修饰动词、形容词或其他副词



的词叫做副词。例如:



not


(不),


here


(这里),


now



1 / 18




(现在)。不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如:



Have you read this book before?



副词,作时间状语





你以前读过这本书吗?




2 / 18




He will arrive before ten o


点钟前到达。



(二)副词的种类



10


'


(介介


OCk. before ten o


'


c



C


介词短语,作时间状语)他将在



1


、时间副词有三类:



always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly


等一般位于系动词、情态动



词和


助动词之后,实之前义动词



1


)表示发生时间的副词:



It




s beginning to rainnow!


现在开始下雨了!



2


)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词



always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly


等一


< p>
般位


于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实之前义动词


:


She often changes her mind.


她常改变主意。



3


)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:



He has just had an operation.


他刚动过手术。



2




地点副词:



1


)有不少表示地点的副词:



She is studying abroad.


她在国外留学。



2




还有一 些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形,跟宾语的是介词,否则是副词:





用作介词:



Stand up!


起立!





用作副词:



A cat climbed up the tree.


猫爬上了树。



3






where


构成的副词也是地点副词:



It




s the sameveerywhere.


到处都一样。



重点】



3




方式副词



1




英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答



how


的问题):



How beautifully your wife dances.


你夫人舞跳的真美。



2




还有相当多的副词,表示某些情绪:



She smiled gratefully .


她感激的笑了笑。



3




还有一些以



-ly


结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:



He left the town secretly.


他悄然离开了这座城市。



重点】



4




程度副词和强调副词



1


)程度副词可修饰动词,表示



“到某种程度



”:



Is she badly hurt?


她伤得重吗?




说明



这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容 词(



a


)或另一副词



b



:


a.


fairly simple


相当简单



重点】



2




much


是一个特殊的程度副词,它可以:



a.


修饰形容词等:



I




m nomt uch good at singing.


我唱歌不太好。



b.


修饰比较级:



You sing much better than me.


你比我唱的好多了。



Their house is much nicer than ours.


他们的房子比我们的好多了。



quite correct


完全正确



b.


wonderfully well


好极了



do it very quickly


干得很快



3 / 18




重点】


4 / 18




5.


疑问副词和连接副词



1)


疑问副词:



疑问副词用来引导特殊问句:



how: How is your grandmother?


你奶奶身体好吗?



where: Where does she come from?


她是哪儿人?



when: When can you come?


你什么时候能来?



why: Why was he so late?


他为什么来得这么晚?



2)


连接副词:


< br>连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用:



how: Do you know how to start this machine?


你知道这台机器怎样启动吗?



where: I don


'


t kno


w


here he lives.


我不知


道他住在哪儿。


(


引导宾语从 句


)


when: Tell me when you


'


ll be ready


告 诉我你什么时候准备好。


(


引导宾语从句


)


why: That


'


why I came round.


这就是我来的原因。


(


引导表语从句


)



6.


一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:



Let


'


s gioside.


咱们到里面去。



Take two steps forward .


向前走两步。



(



)



副词的位置



1.


副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如:



Usually I do my homework in the evening .(


句首


)


通常我晚上做家庭作业。< /p>



I often get up at six.(

< p>
句中


)


我常在


6


点起床。



Please speakslowly.(


句末


)


请慢慢说。



2.


副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的



These flowers are quite beautiful.


(


在形容词前


)


He works very hard.


(

< br>在副词前


)


他工作很努力。



▲ 但也有例外,如:


She is old enough to go to school.


(


在形容词后


)


她已到了上学的年龄。



3.


按一般规则


< br>既有地点状语又有时间状语时,



地点状语应放在时间状语之前



。如:



前面如:



这些花相当漂亮。



We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon.


He watched TV at home last night.


他昨晚在家看电视。



我们昨天下午在教室开了一个会。




说明



①形容词一般修饰名词,



副词一般修饰动词、


形容词或副词。②一些形容词后加上


-ly


可以变



成副词,女口



slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful- carefully


等。



【基础练习】



(



)



用所给词的正确形式填空



1.


The Greens are


_______ (happy) to live in this


_


________ (noise) street. They have decided to move to


another place.


2.


The panda has been _ (die) for about two months.


3.


I like her dress. It looks very


________


(beauty).


4.


Don


'


t feel


_


_______


(worry) about your child. The whole class would be


__________ (friend) to the


new classmate.


5.


The


_


_______


(finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.


6.


It '


_____


(possible) for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.


7.


It


'


sa ______


(please) trip for all of us.


8.


The children in China are living a .


_ (color) life.


9.


It was an


_______ (amaze) match. It amazed us.


5 / 18




10.


He felt very


________


(sleep) and fell _


11.


We all had a very


_


_ (sleep) soon when he lay in bed.



_ (enjoy) time at the party.


6 / 18




(二)选择最佳答案



(


)1. These oranges taste


_


______ .


A. good


(


B. well


C. to be good D. to be well


)2. I can


'


t pay __________ as he asked for.


A. a as high price a high price


high price


high a price


(


)3.




We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ?



I have to do many things this evening . I


A. free


B. glad


C. sorry D. busy


'


m


_______


, you see .


(


)4.




Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.



OK. Let


'


s give him


_


___ to eat.


A. something different


C. anything different


B. different anything


D. different something


( )


_


_________


p


erson is talking with the doctor.


A. ill B. sick C. illness D. sickness


(


)6. The day is bright and ______ . Let


'


s go for a walk .


A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy


(


)7. Look ! _______


beautiful that lake is !


A. What B. How C. How a D. What a


(


)8. ---1 won't go to the Great Wall tomorrow.


---I won't,


______


.


A. neither B. either C. too D. also


(


)9. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, _____ ,


A. too B. either C. neither D. also


(


) maths problem is


_____ difficult _______ nobody can work it out.


A. too; to B. very; that C. so; that D. very; but


(


)11.




What


'


s on the desk?



It


'


_s _____


.



A. a new green bag B. new green bag C. a green mew bag D. a bag new green


(


)12. The night was very ____ , so he had to take off his shoes


_ .


A. quiet; quietly B. quite; quickly C. late; quick D. quite; quietly


()13. He _______


to school to clean his classroom.


A. always comes early


C. always early comes


(


)14. I got up ___


t


oday.


A. later B. more lately


(


C. lately D. late


B. comes always early


D. come always earlier


)15. Alice __ goes to school at seven.


A. usual


B. usually C. hard D. a little


三、形容词的比较等级:



(一)形容词的比较级和最高级的构成



1


?单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成



情况




构成方式




原级



new


比较级



newer


最高级



newest


一般情况




-er



-est


7 / 18






long


fine


late


longer


finer


later


earlier


happier


hotter


thinner


fatter


longest


finest


latest


earliest


happiest


hottest


thinnest


fattest



e


结尾的词





-r


或< /p>


-st



以“辅音


+y


” 结尾



的词



重读闭音节的词末尾



只有一个辅音字母





y



i

再加


-er




-est


先双写辅音字母,再




-er



-est



early


happy


hot


thin


fat


2


.


多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加



more



most


。如< /p>


:






useful


difficult


delicious



【重点】



原级



good/well


bad/ill


many/much


little


far


old







最咼级



more useful


more difficult


more delicious







3


?有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则

变化



most useful



most difficult


most delicious


比较级



better


worse


more


less


farther


older


最咼级



best


worst


most


least


farthest


oldest


(二)



形容词比较级的用法



1


?形容词的比较级可以单独使用:



Be more careful next time.


下次小心点。



Which book is better?


哪本书更好?



2


.


也可以和


than


连用,表示两者相比,


than

后可以跟:



a.


名词或代词:



He is older than me / I .


他年龄比我大。



b.


动名词:



Skiing is more exciting than skating.


滑雪比滑冰更刺激。



c.


从句:



I was a better singer than he was.


我唱歌比他好。



(三)



形容词比较级的修饰语



1


.


形容词比较级前可加



much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly< /p>


之类表示程度的状语


:



He


'


s feeling much better today.


他感至



U


今天好多了。



2


.


也可在比较级前



any, no, some, even, still


这类词:



Do you feel any better today?


你今天感觉好一点了吗?



3


.


比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词:



My sister is ten years younger than me.


我妹妹比我小十岁。



【难点】



(四)形容词比较级的特殊用法



1.



more


有关的词组



1




the more



the more


??越



...




...


。例如:



The harder you work



the greater progress you'll make.


越努力,进步越大。



8 / 18




2




no more than


与…一样。例如:



The officials could see no more than the Emperor.


官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。



3




more than


超过,不只是。例如:



There are more than two thousand people in the hall.


2


.



le ss


有关的词组



1




less than


不到… 不太:



It was ready in less than a week.


2




n


o less than


多达



不少于



No less than 2 million people came.


至少来了



2


百万人。



3




m


ore or less


基本上



大体上



大约



The work is more or less finished.


这项工作基本上完成了。



3.


还有



as +


形容词或副词原级



+ as



1




not



so/as



as


。例如:



He cannot run so/as fast as you.


他没你跑得快。



2





as



as


中间有 名词时采用以下格式:





as +


形容词


+ a +


单数名词


/






as + manymuch +


名词。例如:



This is as good an example as the other is.


这个例子和另外一个一样好。



I can carry as much paper as you can.



能搬多少纸,我也能。



3





示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在



as


的前面。例如:



This room is twice as big as that one.


这房间的面积是那间的两倍。



Your room is the same size as mine.


你的房间


和我的一样大。



五)



形容词最高级用法



1.


the +


最高级



+


比较范围



1


)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词



the


,例如:



The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.


撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。


< p>


说明



形容词


most


前面没有


the


,不表示最高级的含义,只表示




非 常



。例如:



It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.


这是个很重要的问题



◎注意:使用最 高级要注意将主


语包括在比较范围内。



(错)



Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.


(对)



Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.


2




下列词可修饰最高级,



by far, far, much, mostly, almost


。例如:



This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.


这帽子差不


多是最大的了。



◎注意:序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如:



Africa is the second largest continent.


非洲是第二大洲。



3




最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如:



Mike is the most intelligent in his class.


或者:



Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.


六)



形容词最高级的特殊用法



1.


形容词最高级可用作表语,这时定冠词



the


可以省略。



例句:



I think her plan is best.


我认为她的计划最好。



2.


形容词最高级还可和



at


构成许多短语作状语,如



at best, at least, at most


等。



例句:


I


'


II be with you at latest by ten.


我最迟十点钟就来陪你。



9 / 18




基础练习】



(


) 1 Your room is ______ than mine.


A. three time big


B. three times big


C. three times bigger D. bigger three times


(


) 2 When spring comes, it gets ______ .


A. warm and warm


C. warmer and warmer


(


B. colder and colder


D. shorter and shorter


)3 _____ he


read the book,


_____ he


got in it.


A. The more; the more interesting


C. The more; the more interested


B. The less; the more interesting


D. More; more interested


(


)4 I like


____


one of the two books.


A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older


(


) 5 Which do you like _______


, tea or coffee?


A. well B. better


C. best D. most


(


) 6 This work is


_


______ for me than for you.


A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult


(


) 7 Who jumped


_


______ of all?


A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far


(


) 8 Li Lei is


_


_____


student in our class.


A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest


(


) 9 Tom is one of


_____ boys in our class.


A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall


(


) 10 English is one of


_______


spoken in the world.


A. the important languages B. the most important languages


C. most important language D. the most important language


(


)11. Most of the woods


_


_____


been taken good care of.


A. are B. is C. has D. have


(


)12 I'm not


_______ to lift the heavy box.


A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough


(


)13 Which is


______ , Li Lei or Wu Tong?


A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest


(


)14 Do you have


_


_____ to tell us?


A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything


(


) 15. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _____ .


A. more and rich


B. more rich and more rich


C. richer and richer D. rich and rich


四、副词的比较等级:



< p>
)


概念:副词和形容词一样,也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成 方式有规则变化和不规则



变化两种情况。规则变化的一般规律 是:单音节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加



-er



-est;


多音节词以




-ly


结尾的副词

< br>(


early




)


,前面加


more



most.


。不规则的变化式只能采用


< /p>


各个击破



的办法



去记忆。



1


)规则变化



原级



soon


比较级



sooner


最咼级



soonest


10 /


18




loud


fast


wide


early


happily



louder


faster


wider


earlier


more happily


more carefully


loudest


fastest


widest


earliest


most happily


most carefully


carefully


2


)不规则变化



原级



well


badly


ittle


much


far



比较级



better


worse


less


more


farther


(距离)



further


(程度)



最咼级



best


worst


least


most


farthest


furthest



(二)



副词的比较级的用法



1




单独使用:



Try to do better next time.


下次争取干好一点。



He' II come back sooner or later.


他迟早会回来的。



Please speak more slowly.


请讲慢一点。



2





than


一起使用


:


He swims better than I do.


他游泳游得比我好。



Can you do any better than that?


你能不能干的好一些?



He arrived earlier than usual.


他至



U


的比平时早。



3





较级前可有状语修饰:



You must work much faster.


你必须大大加快干活的速度。



Can you come over a bit more quickly?


你能稍稍快点来吗?



4.


as



a




not so



a


结构



这两个结构也可结合副词使用:



1




as< /p>



as


可用在肯定句中,表示

< p>


像…一样”后面的副词要用原级:



She can run as fast as a deer.


她能跑的像鹿一样快。



2





否定句中,


as



as




so



as


都可以用:



I don


'


t go there as much as I use


我现在到那里不象过去那么多了。



I didn


'


t do as



so



well as I should.


做的不如我应做的那么好。



3





种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语:



She can read twice as fast as he does.


她阅读的速度比他快一倍。



(三)



数不带定冠词



He laughs best who laughs last.



谚语



谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。



Of the four of us, I sang



the



worst.


我们四人中我唱的最差。



(四)



副词比较级和最高级的一些特 殊用法:副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特别结构或短语中



1




more and more


越来越



…:



It rained more and more heavily.


雨下得越来越大了。



副词最高级的用法:副词最高级可修饰动词,前面多


the:< /p>



11 /


18



-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



本文更新与2021-02-13 21:48,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/652959.html

形容词和副词用法总结及练习的相关文章

  • 爱心与尊严的高中作文题库

    1.关于爱心和尊严的作文八百字 我们不必怀疑富翁的捐助,毕竟普施爱心,善莫大焉,它是一 种美;我们也不必指责苛求受捐者的冷漠的拒绝,因为人总是有尊 严的,这也是一种美。

    小学作文
  • 爱心与尊严高中作文题库

    1.关于爱心和尊严的作文八百字 我们不必怀疑富翁的捐助,毕竟普施爱心,善莫大焉,它是一 种美;我们也不必指责苛求受捐者的冷漠的拒绝,因为人总是有尊 严的,这也是一种美。

    小学作文
  • 爱心与尊重的作文题库

    1.作文关爱与尊重议论文 如果说没有爱就没有教育的话,那么离开了尊重同样也谈不上教育。 因为每一位孩子都渴望得到他人的尊重,尤其是教师的尊重。可是在现实生活中,不时会有

    小学作文
  • 爱心责任100字作文题库

    1.有关爱心,坚持,责任的作文题库各三个 一则150字左右 (要事例) “胜不骄,败不馁”这句话我常听外婆说起。 这句名言的意思是说胜利了抄不骄傲,失败了不气馁。我真正体会到它

    小学作文
  • 爱心责任心的作文题库

    1.有关爱心,坚持,责任的作文题库各三个 一则150字左右 (要事例) “胜不骄,败不馁”这句话我常听外婆说起。 这句名言的意思是说胜利了抄不骄傲,失败了不气馁。我真正体会到它

    小学作文
  • 爱心责任作文题库

    1.有关爱心,坚持,责任的作文题库各三个 一则150字左右 (要事例) “胜不骄,败不馁”这句话我常听外婆说起。 这句名言的意思是说胜利了抄不骄傲,失败了不气馁。我真正体会到它

    小学作文