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高考英语《形容词和副词》专项练习（含答案）
第一节
形容词和副词的作用
1
．形容词的作用
1
）作定语
The present markets have taken a new
look.
目前市场一派新气象。
2
）作系动词的表语
Their performance was excellent. He
looks upset.
This text seems
difficult. He is said to have gone mad.
3
）作宾语补足语
Who left the door open ?
谁没有关门？
Something must be done to make the waste water
clean.
4
）作伴随状况
He waited outside, cold and hungry.
His son returned home, safe and
sound.
（安然无恙）
2
．形容词作定语的位置
1
）形容词作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之前。若出现
多个形容词，排列顺
序为：
a
）冠词——序数词——数量词——描绘性形容词
I spent the last few sunny days at
the seaside.
b
）描绘性形容词——大小——长短——新旧——国籍——材料
build a fine new stone bridge
He is a famous American writer.
2
）下列三种情况定语后置
a
）短语
He was the only person
awake at the moment.
b
）修饰不定代词
If anything
unusual happens, let me know.
c
< br>）
“
a
”开头的形容词
He is the greatest artist alive today.
他是在
世最伟大的艺术家。
Time alone will show who was
right.(time alone=only time)
只有时间能证明到底谁正确。
3
．副词的作用
主要用作状语，修饰动词，形容词，副词，介词短语和整个句子
I simply
can’t
accept your
presents.
（修饰动词）
我无论如何不能接
受你的礼物。
I
’m
terribly
sorry to interrupt you. The cars are running at
much
the same
speed.
（修饰形容词）
This article is translated quite
well.
（修饰副词）
She looks exactly like her
mother.
（修饰介词短语）
Luckily, I escaped being killed by a passing
car.
（修饰全句）
改错
1
）——
How did you find his
lecture ?
——
Very well
. It couldn’t be
any better.
2
）
How different the people
there speak English from us
！
3
）
The vast
majority of people were strong against the
decision.
4
）
It is too a hot day
tod
ay. I can’t
stand the
burning air.
答案：
1
）
well
→
good well
表示<
/p>
“好”
是副词，
当形容词用时表示
“健康”
2
）
different
→
differently,
它修饰动词
speak
3
）
strong
→
strongly,
它修饰介词
短语
against the decision
4
）
a hot
→
hot a too
通常
修饰形容词和副词。
too
也可修饰单数可
数名词，表达方式：
too + adj. + a
+n
。类似词有
as, so
和
how
。
He is so good a boy that we all like him.
How good a boy he is!
请注意关于
too
的一些特殊表达：<
/p>
1
．
can not
…
too
…
再…
也不为过
2
．
only too = very
非常
Y
ou can’t too careful when crossing the
street.
横越马路后，越小
心越好。
I
’m only too pleased
to
be able to go home.
能回到家，我真高兴。
3
．
too
可以有以下程度状语
1
）
You speak a
bit/ a little/ rather too
fast.
你讲话有点快。
2
）
These shoes are
far/ much too big for
me.
这双鞋我穿太大了。
几组副词的比较：
1.
very, much
二者均为程度副词，
very
修饰形
容词或副词；
much
修饰
“
a
”
开头的形容词，
过
去分词或非谓语动词。例如：
very good/
exciting/
limited.
（以习惯上被用作形容词的过去分词）
He was (very) much afraid.
I
enjoyed the film (very) much.
2.
already, yet,
still
already
用在肯定句，表示某事已经发生
；
yet
用于否定句和疑问句中，表
示
期待某事发生；
still
表示某事还在进行。例如：
I have already finished my
work.
He hasn
’
t
come back yet.
Has she fallen asleep
yet?
译：
1
）
< br>Keep still when I take a picture.
2)
It is raining hard; still, we must go out.
3
．
almost, nearly
1)almost
比
nearly
更接近某状况。例如：
It
’
s almost 12
o
’
clock. (11:55)
It
’
s nearly 12
o
’
clock. (11:45)
2)almost
多与
nobody, nothing, no, none,
never
连用。例如：
I
almost never see him.
not nearly
为固定用法，含义为“远非”
。例如：
It
’
s not nearly
easy.
4
．
quite,
rather, fairly
1)quite
和
rather
修饰名词时在
a
之前。而
fairly
在
a
之后。例如：
We had
quite a party. It
’
s a fairly
interesting film.
但如果有形容词和
rather
一起修饰名词时，放在
a
的前后均可，例如：
They
are rather a strong (a rather strong) team.
2)rather
通常修饰贬义词和不喜欢的词，
而
fairly
通常修饰褒义词或喜好
的词。
例如：
The question is rather difficult.
The city is fairly clean.
第二节
形容词和副词的比较结构
<
/p>
英语中的形容词和副词可以划分为三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。
原级
比较级
最高级
young
younger youngest
excellent
more excellent most excellent
1.
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成方法
1
）单音节词及以“
er
”
，
“
le
”
，
“
ow
”
，
“辅音字母
+y<
/p>
”收尾的双音节词，在
词尾加
er
或
est
构成比较级和最高级
quick
→
quicker
→
quickest
large
→
larger
→
largest
thin
→
thinner
→
thinnest clever
→
cleverer
→
cleverest
simple
→
simpler
→
simplest narrow
→
narrower
→
narrowest
happy
→
happier
→
happiest
2<
/p>
）其他双音节词及多音节词，在词加
more
或
most
构成比较级和最高级
famous
→
more
famous
→
most famous
beautiful
→
more beautiful
→
most
beautiful
3
）英语中有一部分形容词和副
词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，如下表所
示：
原级
far
further
good, well
bad badly, ill
many, much
better
worse
more
furthest
best
worst
most
比较级
farther
最高级
farthest
little
old
less
older
elder
lest
oldest
eldest
注：
1
）
fa
rther, further
均可表示距离上“更远”
；但表
示程度上“进一
步”
，用
furthe
r
。
I’m too tired to go
any
farther / further.
We must look
into the matter further.
我们必须进一步调查此事。
I have nothing further to say.
我再没什么可说的了。
注：
2
）
elde
r / eldest
指家庭成员的长幼关系，作前置定语。
older / oldest
表示年龄大小关系，可作定语也可作表语。
My eldest sister is going to get
married.
我大姐要结婚了。
My elder sister is ten years older
than my younger brother.
我姐姐
比我弟弟大十岁。
He is the oldest teacher of us.
我是我们中最年长的老师。
第三节
形容词和副词的比较结构
1
．表示
A
与
B
一样
肯定形式
1
）
S + V + as adj /
adv
（原级）
as
2
）
S + V + as adj + a
+ n
（单数）
as
3
）
S + V + as
many / much / few / little + n +
其他成份
as
This
river is as long as that one = The river is the
length of that
one.
Peter is as lovely a boy as Tom. = Peter is a boy
as lovely as Tom.
I will offer you
as much help as I can.
Try to make
as few mistakes as possible.
否定形式
not as / so
…
as
This
movie was not so good as I had expected.
I haven’t seen as old a
car as this for years.
<
/p>
以上结构中，第二
as
为连词，连接比较
的一方。第一个
as
为副词，可在其
前
加上多种程度状语。
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