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2020
届二轮复习短文语法填空考点分布及解题指导
< br>
通过分析历年高考语法填
空题，总结出了一定的规律。按各考点的考查频率来
分，由高到低排列如下：
No. 1
非谓语动词
(
考查现在分词和不定式居多
)
No. 2
谓语动词
(
考查被动语态居多
)
No. 3
词性转换
(
考查转换为名词的情况居多
)
No. 4
介词
No. 5
名词单复数
No.
6
冠词
(
考查不定冠词居多
)
No. 7
从句
(
考查
非限制性定语从句居多
)
No.
8
代词
No. 9
形容词
No. 10
副词
总之，动词的考点最多。了解各
考点的考频有助于我们在高考前有限的时
间内有的放矢，
知道哪
部分该重点复习。
除此之外，
还需要掌握一些解题技巧。
我们都知道语法填空题有两种，一种是纯空格题，没有提示词；另一
种是
括号内给出了提示词，要求用所给词的正确形式填空。下面分别给出这两种题
的解题技巧：
一
纯
空
格
题
1.
空格后是名词的情况：
●
首先看名词前是否有冠词或物主代
词，如果没有，那么考虑填这些，如：
She is
earning $$6,500 a day as a model in New
York.
●
如果有，那么看看填
and, or,
but
是否符合语境，如：
Sportsmanship is a style and an
attitude, and it can have a positive
influence on everyone around
you.
●
否则便考虑介词，如：
I
’
m
calling for
a
friend
who
is
interested
in
attending
a
US
university.
2.
空格后是动词的情况：
一般是定语从句，考虑填关系代词，如：
I
am
usually
the
focus
of
the
attention
because
I
often
have
lots
of
ideas that interests
others.
Top
of
the
list
was
Google, which is
well
known
for
its
excellent
working
conditions.
3.
空格后是句子的情况：
●
首先考虑是否是
< br>wh-
类的关系代词或关系副词所引导的从句，常考查名词
性从句、定语从句，偶尔考查状语从句，如：
It
gives us an idea of what
we want to
do when we leave school.
It
is almost the same speed at which
they would have travelled
in a horse
and carriage a century ago.
It
is
the
neighborhood where
your
family
makes
connections
with other
people.
●
如果不是从句，则考虑四大连词
and,
or,
but
和
s
o
，看前后两句构成的
是并列、选择、转折还是因果关系，如：
Bollywood
actors
are
very
popular
and
some
are
in
high
demand.
Dinner in the sky is very exciting and
the food is good, but
there
are problems.
I
watched TV until nearly 12
o
’
clock last night, so
I could not go
over my
lessons.
二
给出提示词题
一般考查四类实词
(
名词、动词、形容词、副词
)
1.
给出名词：
●
首先考虑名词的单复数，如：
1
The music was great and I
got some souvenirs
(souvenir) while
I
was there.
●
其次考虑变形，一般向形容词转变，如：
He
said
that
for
over
40
years,
the
company
has
focused
on
a
professional (profession) work
experience.
2.
给出动词：
●
首先看是否是句子的谓语动词，如
果是，则考虑谓语动词的适当形式
(
时态、
语态和主谓一致
)
，如：
In
the
early
20th
century,
Dubai was (be)
a
successful
trading
port.
Then in
1966, oil was discovered
(discover).
●
如果不作谓语动词，再考虑非谓语动词的三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词
(
现在分词、过去分词
)
，如：<
/p>
All organisms need water,
food and shelter to stay (stay)
alive.
Restaurants sell
prepared (prepare) food.
Since plants make their own food
using (use) sunlight, the
sun
’
s
energy is
found in plants.
●
如果不是非谓语动词，则考虑变形，一般向名词转变，如：
He had an operation (operate) to
repair the damage.
3.
给出形容词或副词：
●
首先考虑比较级和最高级，注意是否有标志性词汇
much,
even,
a
little
和
than
等，如
Once you
’
re in a
good state of mind, it
’
s
much easier (easy) to
maintain
it.
●
其次考虑变形，通常是形容词变为副词，如：
Start
with
something
relaxing,
and
then gradually
(gradual)
increase the tempo and
beat.
仅看技巧终究只是纸上谈兵，还需要实际操练，下
面是小编整理的历年高考语
法填空题，现在来检测一下自己的掌握情况吧。
2017
全国卷
I
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the
food service industry toward lower
fat
content
and
less
salt.
This
trend,
which
was
started
by
the
medical
community
（医学界）
61 ____ a method of fighting heart
disease, has had
some
unintended
side 62
_______ (effect)
such
as
overweight
and
heart
disease
—
the very thing
the medical community was trying to
fight.
Fat
and
salt
are
very
important
parts
of
a
diet.
They
are
required 63 ______ (process) the
food that we eat, to recover from injury
and
for
several
other
bodily
functions.
When
fat
and
salt
64_____ (remove)
from
food,
the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something. As 65 _____ result,
people will eat more food to try to make
up for that something missing. Even
66 _____ (bad),
the amount of fast
food that people eat goes up. Fast food
67 ______ (be) full of fat and salt;
by 68 ______ (eat) more fast food
people will get more salt and fat than
they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and
salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack
(
吃
点心
)
between
meals
and
will
improve
the
taste
of
your
food.
However,
be
69 _______ (care) not to go to extremes. Like
anything, it is possible to
have too
much of both, 70 _____ is not good for the
health.
答案
61. as
62. effects
63. to process
64.
are removed
65. a
66. worse 67. is
68.
eating
69. careful
70. which
2017
全国卷
II
In 1863 the
first underground passenger railway in the world
opened in
London. It ran for just under
seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid
terrible
61
(crowd)
on
the
roads
above
as
they
travelled
to
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