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高一英语翻译技巧
阅读训练策略及练习题
(
含答案
)
及解析
一、高中英语翻译
1
．
高中英语翻译题：
Translate the
following sentences into English, using the words
given in
the brackets.
1
．这位妈妈鼓励孩子分担家务，她这么做是很明智的。
< br>(It...)
2
．
20
世纪
60
年代的那
场饥荒使他不得不离开家乡到别的城市另谋出路。（
force
）
3
．如您购买的产品有任何质量问
题
,
请与公司售后部门联系。
(con
tact)
4
．在中国机长
( the Capt
ain)
这部影片中
,
机长和机组人员
的临危不惧，沉着冷静，最终把机
上所有乘客安全送到机场。
(
face)
【答案】
1
．
It is sensible
/wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to
share the housework.
2
．
Famine in the
1960s forced him to leave his hometown in search
of better chances /to seek
(for)better
chances in other cities.
3
．
If the product
you purchase is faulty, please contact/ make
contact with the
after-sales
department of/ in our company.
(
也可以表达为
if there is something
wrong with the
product you
purchase,…)
4
．
In the film the
Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed
calm (fearless/
brave
可以不
写
) in
face of danger/ when faced with danger/when facing
danger and finally brought/took all
the
passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the
airport safe and sound.
【解析】
1
．考查
it
作形式主语。分析句意可知，句子应该用一般现在时
；此句用
“i
t
作形式主语
”
句
型表达；
“
明智的（
sensible / wise
）<
/p>
”
是表示人物性格
/
品德的形容词，应用句型
“It is + adj.
+of sb. to do…”
；短语
“
鼓励某人做
…” encourage sb. to
do …
。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译
为
It is sensible/wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to share the housework
。
2
．考查时态和固定短语。根据时间状语
“20
世纪
60
年代
”
，
句子应该用一般过去时；短语
“2
0
世
纪
60
年代
”in the
1960s; “
强迫
/
迫使某人做<
/p>
…”force sb. to do …
；
“
另谋出路
”in search of
better chances
或用动词
seek
（追求）表达为
to seek
(for)better chances
；再根据其他汉语提
示，故翻译为
Famine in the 1960s forced him to
leave his hometown in search of better
chances /to seek (for)better chances in
other cities
。
3
．考查动词和条件状语从句。在
if
引导的
条件状语从句中，主句如果是祈使句，从句用一
般现在时；
co
ntact
作动词时，
“
与某人联系
”contact
sb.
；
contact
作名词时，
“
与某人联
系
”make contact with sb.
；表达
“…<
/p>
有问题
”
，也可用句型
< br>
There is something wrong with…
；再
根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为
If the
product you purchase is faulty, please contact/
make
contact with the after-sales
department of/ in our company
(
也可以表达为
If there is something
wrong with the product you purchase,…
)
。
4
．考
查动词和固定短语。分析句意可知，整个句子应该用一般过去时；短语
“
沉着冷静
”
stay calm
；短语
“
（当他们）面临危险时
”
有三种表达形式
①
用短语
in face of
表达为
in face
of danger ②
用短语
(sb.)be faced with
表达为
when (they were)faced with danger; ③
用动词
face
表达为
when (they were) facing danger
；短语
“
安全地
”safe and sound<
/p>
，也可用
safely
。再
根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为
In the film the
Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed
calm (and fearless/
brave
可以不写
) in face of
danger/ when faced with danger/when facing
danger and finally brought/took all the
passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the
airport
safe and
sound
。
【点睛】
face
的用法
face
作名词，意为
“
脸
”
；作动词，意为
“
面对
”
。
fa
ce
既可用作及物动词
,
也可用作不及
物动
词。用作及物动词时
,
后面可接人
或表示困难、形势、问题等的抽象名词作宾语
;
用作不及
物动词时
,
多用来指房屋的朝向。
表达
“
（某人）面对
/
面临
”
的短
语
:
in (the)face
of…
be faced with
face sth.
例句：
The cold air felt
wonderful on his face.
凉凉的空气吹在他脸上感觉很舒爽。
They kept optimistic in the face of frustration.
面对挫折，他们还是保持乐观。
The window faces the
street.
那扇窗子面临街道。
They are faced with the same problem.
他们面临同样的问题。
He
faced the difficulty with
courage.
他勇敢地面对困难。
Faced with so much trouble ,we failed
to complete the task on time
面临这么多困难，我们
没能
按时完成任务。
Facing
a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask for
help.
面对艰难的处境，
Arnold
< br>决定求助。
如本题第
4
小题，
“
（当他们
）面临危险时
”
可表达为
(when
they were)in face of danger
或
when (they were )faced with
danger
或
when they faced
danger/ when facing danger
。
2
．
高中英
语翻译题：
Translate the following sentences
into English, using the words given in
the brackets.
1
．他一交试卷就意识到忘记写名字了。（
Hardly
）
2
．这家医院装备了现
代化的设施，而且人们乘地铁可以到达。（
accessible
）
3
．在这样一个快速变化的社会
，人们担心不能得到最新资讯并落后于他人。（
afraid
）
4
．抱着努力不会白费的信念，他经
历了起起伏伏，最终取得了成功。（
belief
）
【答案】
1
．
Hardly had he
handed in the test paper when he realized that he
had forgotten to write his
name on
it.
2
．
This hospital
is equipped with modern facilities and is
accessible by underground.
3
．
In such a
rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not
being able to get the latest
information and thus falling behind
others. / In such a rapidly changing society,
people are afraid
that they will not be
kept updated with the latest information and thus
fall behind.
4
．
Holding /With
the belief that his efforts will pay off can’t be
in vain/ won’t be wasted will be
rewarded/no effort will turn out to be
a waste, he achieved success in the end and after
going
through ups and downs.
【解析】
1
．考查倒装句。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：
hand in“
提交
”
，
realiz
e“
意识
到
”
，要使用
hardly…when…
句型，主句使用过去完成时
，从句使用一般过去时，
hardly
位
于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。故译为：
Hardly had he
handed in the test paper when
he
realized that he had forgotten to write his name
on it.
2
．考查
accessible
的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：
be equipped with
modem facil
ities“
装备了现代化的设施
”
，
accessible“
易接近的；可进入的
< br>”
，此处描述的是客
观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为
：
This hospital is equipped with modem
facilities and is
accessible by
underground.
3
．考查
afraid
的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组
）：
such a rapidly
changing so
ciety“
这样一个快速变化的社会
”
，
be afraid of/that“
担心，害怕
”
，
be able to
do“
能够做某事
”
，
get the latest information“
得到最新
资讯
”
，
fall behind“<
/p>
落后
”
，此处描述的
是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为：
In such a rapidly
changing society, people are
afraid of
not being able to get the latest information and
thus falling behind others. /In such a
rapidly changing society, people are
afraid that they will not be kept updated with the
latest
information and thus fall
behind.
4
．考查
belief
的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：
hold/with the
belief“
坚持信念
”
，
pay off/
can’t be in
vain/ won’t be
wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will
turn out to be a
waste“
不会白费
”, achieve success
“
取得了成功
”
，
go through ups and downs“
经
历了起起伏伏
”
。此处描述的
“
信念
”
是客观真理，应使一般现在时或将来时
，
“
取得成功
”
属
于过去，应使用一般过去时。故译为：
Holding
/With the belief that his efforts will pay off/
can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will
be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste,
he
achieved success in the end and
after going through ups and downs.
3
．
高中英
语翻译题：
Translations
1
．嫌疑人已抓获，所有相关证据已移交警方．
（
concern
）
2
．众所周知，学习方法因人而异，适合你的不一定适合我．<
/p>
（
necessarily
）
3
．我突然想到，
我忘记提醒班长集合时间了，随即给他发了一个消息．
（
It
）
<
/p>
4
．学生表达自我的能力越强，他们就越可能在入学面试中脱颖而
出，这促使了他们将练习
演讲作为每日常规．（
rule
）
【答案】
1
．
The suspect
has been arrested
，
and all
the concerning evidence has been transferred to
the police
．
2
．
As we all know
，
learning
method varies from person to
person
，
so what is suitable
for
you may not necessarily suit
me
．
3
．
It suddenly
occurred to me that I forgot to remind the
monitor of the time for
gathering
，
so I left him a
short message
．
4
．
The stronger the students' ability to express
themselves
，
the more likely
they are to stand
out in the entrance
interview
，
which makes it a
rule for them to practice speaking every
day
．
【解析】
1
．相关的，有关的：
concerning
；嫌疑人：
suspect
，根据汉语提示，使用现在完成时，并
< br>且注意使用被动。故译为
The suspect has been
arrested
，
and all the
concerning evidence has
been
transferred to the police
．
<
/p>
2
．这是对学习方法的一种主观评价，所以使用一般现在时。首先
，翻译时使用
as
引导一
个非限制性定
语从句，
vary from person to person
因人而异；
so
引导一个结果状语从句，
< br>not necessarily
未必。故译为
As
we all know
，
learning method
varies from person to
person
，
so what
is suitable for you may not necessarily suit
me
．
3
．
这是对过去事实的陈述，所以使用一般过去时。结合句子的意思和括号中的代词
it
可
知，翻译时需要使用句型
it
occurred to me that
我突然想起
……
；
it
为形式主语，
that
引导一
个主语从句，
rem
ind sb of sth
意为
提醒
某人某物
，最后使用
so
引导一个结果状语从句。
故译为
It
suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind
the monitor of the time for
gathering
，
so I
left him a short message
．
4
．这是对学生个人能力的一种客观评价，所以使用一般现在时。翻
译时需要使用句式结构
the+
比较级，
the+
比较级，用来表达
越
……
越
……
；
be likely to do
sth
可能会做某事．而
make it a rule
for sb. to
do
某人做某事成功常规。故译为
The stronger
the students' ability to
express
themselves
，
the more likely
they are to stand out in the entrance
interview
，
which
makes it a rule for them to practice
speaking every day
．
【点睛】
汉译英基本步骤：
1
．理解，通读并透彻理解原文含义
2
．翻译，确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词
3
．审校，首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文
内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否
有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数
、拼写、大小写、标点符号等．发现错误，
及时改正。
4
．
高中英
语翻译题：
Translate the following sentences
into English, using the words given in
the brackets.
1
．女孩子们没有必要在深夜为了省钱而去拼车。（
need
n.
）
2
．
在现代社会中，年轻人承受着巨大的压力，这会导致平均寿命的缩短。
(which)<
/p>
3
．他在联合国大会上关于消除性别歧
视的演讲获得了高度赞扬。
(compliment)
4
．他在最后期限到之前全身心投入论文的写作，最终因为劳累病了。
( down)
【答案】
1
．
There is no
need for girls to share a car at midnight to save
money.
2
．
Young
people are under a lot of stress in the modern
society, which will result in/ cause/
lead to the shortening of average life
expectance.
3
．
His speech
on eliminating gender prejudice at the conference
in the United Nations
received great
compliments.
4
．
He had been
devoted to the essay writing before the deadline
and eventually was down
with tiredness.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意一
些固定短语和固定句型的使用，同时也要注意名词单复数及非
谓语动词。
1
．本题的难点在于
There is
no need for sb to
do
句型，注意拼车可以用
share a
car
来表示。
2
< br>．本题的难点在于非限定性定语从句的使用，
under stress
表示
“
承受压力
”
。
3
．本题需要
注意
compliment
是可数名词，此处要使用复数形式。
4
．本题需要注意
be
devoted to
后需要接动名词或名词作宾语，
be
down with
表示
“
由于
……
病倒了
”
。
5
．
高中英语翻译题：
Translate
the following sentences into English, using the
words given in
the brackets.
1
．即使天气再热，也不要整天待在空调房间里。
(stay)
2
．一旦一
个人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。
(indicate)
< br>
3
．直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自己对于该领域的知
识是如此的匮乏。
(It)
4
．他们从没想到年底大桥就要建成通车了，这将使他们的出行更为便利。
(occur, make)
【答案】
1
．
Don’t stay in
the air
-conditioned room al
l
day even if it’s extremely hot.
2
．
Once a person
has learned how to think in other people’s
position, it indicates that he is
getting mature.
3
．
It was not
until he attended the lecture that he realized how
little he knew about the field.
4
．
It never
occurred to them that the bridge would be open to
traffic/the public by the end of
the
year, which will make it easier for them to go
out/and it will make it easier for them to go
out.
【解析】
1
．考查祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句，同时用
even if/even though
引导让步状语从句，表示
“
即使
”
，故翻译
为：
Don’t stay in the
air
-conditioned room all day
even if it’s extremely hot.
2
．考查条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用
once
引导条件状语从句，表示
“
一旦
”
，而且
lea
rn how to think in other people’s position
< br>发生在
indicate
之前，要用现在完
成时，
indicate
用一般现在时，其后为宾语
从句，从句成分完整，用
that
引导，故翻译
为：
Once a person has learned how to
think in other people’s position, it indicates
that he is
getting mature.
3
．考查
not
until
的强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用
not
until
的强调句型，其基本结构