管弦乐队乐器英文名称及简介

西洋乐器英文名称及简介

Violin

小提琴：

A stringed instrument played with a bow, having four strings

tuned at intervals of a fifth, an unfretted fingerboard, and a shallower

body than the viol and capable of great flexibility in range, tone, and

dynamics.

用弓演奏的一种弦乐器，四根弦

,

按五度音程调音

,

指 板无品，形体较古提

琴浅，音域、音色和强弱相当灵活。

Viola

中提琴：

A stringed instrument of the violin family, slightly larger than

a violin, tuned a fifth lower, and having a deeper, more sonorous tone.

提琴家族中的一种弦乐器，稍大于 小提琴，调音比小提琴低五度，声音更为深沉、洪

亮。

Cello

大提琴：

A four- stringed instrument of the violin family, pitched lower

than the viola but higher than the double bass.

一种提琴类四弦乐器，

音调比中提 琴低但

比低音提琴高。

Double bass

低音提琴或大贝司：

The largest bowed stringed instrument in the modern

orchestra, also used frequently in jazz ensembles, especially played

pizzicato. The double bass, usually considered a member of the violin

family, is tuned in fourths and has the sloping shoulders and flat back

characteristic of the viols. It has a deep range beginning about three

octaves below middle C.

尤用于拨奏的现代管弦乐队的最大弓弦乐器，

也常用于爵士乐合奏。

低音提琴通常被

算作提琴类，定弦为四度，颈部倾斜和背平是低 音提琴的特点。它有始于中央

C

音以下三

个八度的深度范围。

flute

长笛：

A high-pitched woodwind instrument consisting of a slender tube

closed at one end with keys and finger holes on the side and an opening

near the closed end across which the breath is blown.

由一根一端封闭的纤细管子组成的 高音木管乐器，

侧边有按键和指孔，

靠近封闭端有

一个使气流进入的开口。

piccolo

短笛：

A small flute pitched an octave above a regular flute.

一种音调比普通笛子高八度音的小笛子。

clarinet

单簧管：

A woodwind instrument having a straight, cylindrical tube

with a flaring bell and a single-reed mouthpiece, played by means of

finger holes and keys.

单簧管，黑管一种管乐器，有直的圆筒形管身和一个外敞的管

口及一个单簧吹口，以指孔和键的方式演奏。

oboe

双簧管：

A slender woodwind instrument with a conical bore and a double

reed mouthpiece, having a range of three octaves and a penetrating,

poignant sound.

带有一个圆锥形孔和双簧管吹口的细小的木管乐器，

具有三个八 度音

域和穿透力强而尖利的声音。

English horn

英国管：

A double-reed woodwind instrument similar to but larger

than the oboe and pitched lower by a fifth.

一种双簧的木制管乐 器，类似于双簧管，但

音高比双簧管低五度。

bassoon

或

fogotto

大管：

A low-pitched woodwind instrument with a double reed,

having a long wooden body attached to a U-shaped lateral tube that leads

to the mouthpiece. The range of this instrument is typically two octaves

lower than that of the oboe.

巴松管，

低音管一种低调的有双簧的木管乐器，

有长的木质管身并与通向吹口的侧面

管身相连，这种乐器的音域范围比双簧管明显的 低两个八音度。

double bassoon

低音大管：

The largest and lowest pitched of the double-reed wind

instruments, sounding an octave below the bassoon.

双簧管系管乐器中音高最低的也是 最大的乐器，比低音管的音高低一个八度。

horn

或

French horn

圆号或法国圆号：

A valved brass wind instrument that produces a

mellow tone from a long, narrow tube that is coiled in a circle before

ending in a flaring bell.

一种 有活瓣的铜管乐器，

从漩涡形且端部有喇叭口的又长又细

的管子 里发出圆润的乐音。

trumpet

小号：

A soprano brass wind instrument consisting of a long metal tube

looped once and ending in a flared bell, the modern type being equipped

with three valves for producing variations in pitch.

一种高 音铜管乐器，

由一根从前为环状的金属管和呈喇叭口得末端构成，

现代小号上

装有三个活瓣以制造不同的音高。

cornet

短号：

A wind instrument of the trumpet class, having three valves

operated by pistons.

号类的一种管乐器，有三个用活塞控制的栓塞。

trombone

长号：

A brass instrument consisting of a long cylindrical tube bent

upon itself twice, ending in a bell- shaped mouth, and having a movable

U-shaped slide for producing different pitches.

一种铜管乐器，

< br>由弯曲两次的长圆筒形金属管构成，

尾部有喇叭形口，

有 一个可滑动

的

U

形拉管，可发出不同音高的音。

tuba

大号：

A large, valved, brass wind instrument with a bass pitch.

大型带活塞的低音铜管乐器。

harp

竖琴：

An instrument consisting of an upright, open triangular frame with

usually 46 strings of graded lengths played by plucking with the fingers.

一种有一个通常系有四十六根长短不一的琴弦的直立的开放三角架、

弹奏时用手指拨

动琴弦的乐器。

piano

钢琴：

An instrument with a manual keyboard actuating hammers that

strike wire strings, producing sounds that may be softened or sustained by

means

of

pedals.

一种乐器，用 手操作键盘驱动打击钢丝线产生声音，可以通过踏瓣

的方式调轻声音或使之持续不断。< /p>

organ

风琴：

An instrument consisting of a number of pipes that sound tones

when supplied with air and a keyboard that operates a mechanism

controlling the flow of air to the pipes.

一种由一定数量的靠输送气流发声的管子和一个操纵机械装置以使气流通过管子的