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n briefly the two methods of the study of
lexicology.
There are two main approaches which are
used to study English lexicology.
One
is a synchronic approach and the other is a
diachronie approach.
A
synchronic approach
shows that words can be studied at a
point in time, disregarding whatever changes
might be taking place, while a
diachronic approach indicates that words can be
considered historically, with emphases on the
origin
and changes in form and meaning.
is a word?
Word can be defined as a meaningful
group of letters printed or written horizontally
across a piece of paper. The definition of a
word will cover the following points:
a) a minimal free
form of a language
b) a
sound unity
c) a unit of meaning
d) a form that
can function alone in a sentence
is
vocabulary?
All the words
in a language make up what is generally known as
its vocabulary. V
ocabulary is most
commonly used to refer to
the sum total
of all the words of a language.
n briefly transparent words and opaque
words.
How the majority of
words were formed cannot be explained. These words
are
called opaque words,
such as whose axe, book, table, and work .Only a
minority
of words can
be
explained .
They
are words whose
meaning
is
determined
is
from
the
meaning
of their
components.
Such
as
cuckoo,
ping-pong, motherland, and blackbird.
do you account for the role of native words in
English in relation to loan-words?
Words can be divided
into
native words and loan words according to their
origin.
Native words are Anglo-Saxon
words still
retained in Modern English,
while loan words are word taken from different
foreign languages. Native words cannot compare
with
loan-words in number, but have a
more important role in the language.
4. Why do we say
“
English is a heavy
borrower?
”
English owes 80% of its vocabulary to
other languages. That is to say English has
borrowed 80 percent of its vocabulary from
other languages. In fact, the English
vocabulary contains words from all the major
languages of the world.
No other
language of
the
world
has
borrowed so
heavily.
Therefore,
the
name
“
heavy
borrower
”
best
describes
the characteristic
of
the
English
vocabulary.
ate
the major modes of modern vocabulary development.
Modern Enlish
vocabulary develops through three
channels:creation,semantic
change, and
borroeing.
(1)Creation refers to the
formation of new words by using existing
materials,
namely roots, affixes, and
other elements.
(2)Semantic change
means an old form, which takes on a new meaning to
meet the new ,such as mouse and web.
(3)Borrowing has played a vital role in
the development of vocabulary, particulary in
earlier ed words constitute mere
ly six
to seven percent of all new words.
21
．
Both
initialism and acronyms are ...explain them with
example.
Initialism is a word formed
initial letters and pronounced letter by letter
while acronym is a word fromed from initial
letters bu
t pronounced as a normal
sord. BBC,GMT,WHO,ISBN,FBI are all initialisms and
SARS,ROM,UNESCO are acronyms.
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