高中英语基础语法知识总结(打印背诵版)

高中英语基础语法知识总结

(

名师总结基础语法知识点，建议下载练习

)

一、

词法

?

数量：

10

大类

?

分类依据：形式特征、意义、句法作用

词类

实词

名词

代词

动词

Noun

Pronoun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

Numeral

Article

Proposition

Conjunction

Injection

定义

表示事物名称的词

代替名词或名词所有格的词

表示动作或状态的词

表示人或事物性质特征的词

表示动作、状态、性质的程度的词

表示数目或顺序的词

名词前，说明名词含义

名词或代词之间，表关系

连接，

“

关节

”

之意

情感态度的词

例词

Market, people, water, information

I, me, we, your, hers, all, nothing

Are, do, go, eat

Young, fast, excellent

Very, well, always

One, first, thousand

A, an, the

Of, to, after,

And, but, if

Oh, ah, well

英语语法框架概

Notional

形容词

word

副词

数词

虚词

Empty

word

冠词

介词

连词

感叹词

二、

句法

?

分类方法：

按成分、按类别

1.

句子成分

成分

主语

subject

——

“

谁

”“

什么

”

动作或状态的发出者

名词

人称代词

物主代词

指示代词

疑问代词

不定代词

基数词

序数词

形容词

不定式

动名词

从句

充当词

Noun

Personal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Cardinal numeral

Ordinal numeral

Adjective

Infinitive

Gerund

clause

例句

The sun gives us light and heat.

We love life.

Your idea is good, but mine is better.

This is my favorite teacher.

What is the most important thing in your life?

Nobody can stop me studying.

Two of you are my best students.

The second is my sister.

The old should be taken care of in our country.

To talk is easier than to do.

Helping others can bring us happiness.

What you did is better than what you said.

谓语

predicate

——

主语的动作或状态

宾语

object

——

及物动词或及物动词短

语的对象或内容

实意动词

联系动词

Notional verb

Linking verb

We plan to review our lessons in three months.

We are Chinese.

名词

人称代词

反身代词

指示代词

疑问代词

不定代词

物主代词

相互代词

Noun

Personal pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Infinitive pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Nowadays many foreigners are learning Chinese.

He fools us all.

Believe in yourself.

I thank you will like this.

Who are you waiting for?

They got everything they want.

He is an old friends of hers.

We should learn to respect each other.

宾语补足语

object complement

——

宾语之后，补充说明

形容词

副词

名词

Adjective

Adverb

Noun

That news will make mother happy.

Let me show you out.

We chose Tom our monitor.

Jerry found him in a strange world.

Do not force me to do anything

I don’t like.

Don’t keep me

waiting too long.

They ran away and left the work unfinished.

The mountains are green.

介词短语

Prepositional phrase

不定式

现在分词

过去分词

Infinitive

Present participle

Past participle

Adjective

形容词