-
Passage One
Questions 57 to
61 are based on the following passage.
As
you
are
probably
aware,
the
latest
job
markets
news
isn
’
t
good:
Unemployment
is still more than 9 percent, and new
job growth has fallen close to zero.
That
’
s
bad
for
the
economy,
of
course.
And
it
may
be
especially
discouraging
if
you
happen
to
be
looking
for
a
job
or
hoping
to
change
careers
right
now.
But
it
actually
shouldn
’
t matter
to you nearly as much as you think.
That
’
s because
job
growth
numbers don
’
t
matter to
job hunters as
much as job
turnover
(
人员更替
) data. After all,
existing jobs open up every day due to
promotions, resignations,
terminations(
解雇
), and
retirements. (Yes, people are
retiring
even in this economy.) In both good times and bad,
turnover creates more
openings
than
economic
growth
does.
Even
in
June
of
2007,
when
the
economy
was
still
moving ahead, job growth was only
132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!
And
as
it
turns
out,
even
today
—
with
job
growth
near
zero
—
over
4
million
job hunters are
being hired every month.
I
don
’
t
mean
to
imply
that
overall
job
growth
doesn
’
t
have
an
impact
on
one
’
s ability to
land a job. It
’
s true that
if total employment were higher, it would
mean more jobs for all of us to choose
from (and compete for). And
it
’
s true that
there
are
currently
more
people
applying
for
each
available
job
opening,
regardless
of whether it
’
s a
new one or not.
But
what
often
distinguishes
those
who
land
jobs
from
those
who
don
’
t
is
their
ability
to
stay
motivated.
They
’
re
willing
to
do
the
hard
work
of
identifying
their
valuable skills; be
creative about where and how to look; learn how to
present
themselves
to
potential
employers;
and
keep
going,
even
after
repeated
rejections.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics data
shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and
were
available
for
work
hadn
’
t
looked
within
the
last
four
weeks
and
were
no
longer
even classified as
unemployed.
So
don
’
t let the headlines fool
you into giving up. Four million people get
hired every month in the U.S. You can
be one of them.
57. The author tends to believe that
high unemployment rate ______.
A) deprives many people of
job opportunities
B) prevents many people from changing
careers
C)
should not stop people from looking for a job
D) does not
mean the U.S. economy is worsening
58. Where do most job
openings come from?
A) Job growth. C) Improved economy.
B) Job
turnover. D)Business expansion.
59. What does the author
say about overall job growth?
A) It
doesn
’
t have much effect on
individual job seekers.
B) It increases
people
’
s confidence in the
economy.
C) It
gives a ray of hope to the unemployed.
D) It
doesn
’
t mean greater job
security for the employed.
60. What is the key to landing a job
according to the author?
A) Education. C) Persistence.
B)
Intelligence. D) Experience.
61.
What
do
we
learn
from
the
passage
about
the
unemployment
figures
in
the
U.S.?
A) They clearly
indicate how healthy the economy is.
B) They provide the public
with the latest information.
C) They warn of the
structural problems in the economy.
D) They exclude those who
have stopped looking for a job.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are
based on the following passage.
Our risk of cancer rises
dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the
elderly should be routinely screened
for new tumors
—
or
doesn
’
t it?
While such
vigilant(
警觉的
)tracking of
cancer is a good thing in general,
researchers are increasingly
questioning whether all of this testing is
necessary
for
the
elderly.
With
the
percentage
of
people
over
age
65
expected
to
nearly
double
by
2050,
it
’
s
important
to
weigh
the
health
benefits
of
screening
against
the
risks
and
costs of routine testing.
In many cases, screening can lead to
surgeries to remove cancer, while the
cancers
themselves
may
be
slow-
growing
and
may
not
pose
serious
health
problems
in
patients
’
remaining years. But the message that everyone
must screen for cancer
has
become
so
deep-
rooted
that
when
health
care
experts
recommended
that
women
under
50
and
over
74
stop
screening
for
breast
cancer,
it
caused
a
riotous
reaction
among
doctors, patients and advocacy groups.
It
’
s
hard
to
uproot
deeply
held
beliefs
about
cancer
screening
with
scientific
data.
Certainly,
there
are
people
over
age
75
who
have
had
cancers
detected
by
routine
screening,
and
gained
several
extra
years
of
life
because
of
treatment.
And
clearly,
people
over
age
75
who
have
other
risk
factors
for
cancer,
such
as
a
family
history
or prior personal experience with the
disease, should continue to get screened
regularly. But for the remainder, the
risk of cancer, while increased at the end
of life, must be balanced with other
factors like remaining life
expectancy(
预期
寿命
).
A
recent
study
suggests
that
doctors
start
to
make
more
objective
decisions
about
who
will
truly
benefit
from
screening-
especially
considering
the
explosion
of
the
elderly that will soon
swell our population.
It
’
s
not
an
easy
calculation
to
make,
but
one
that
makes
sense
for
all
patients.
Dr.
Otis
Brawley
said,
“
Many
doctors
are
ordering
screening
tests
purely
to
cover
themselves. We need to
think about the rational use of health
care.
”
That means making some
difficult decisions with elderly patients, and
going
against
the
misguided
belief
that
when
it
comes
to
health
care,
more
is
always
better.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
62. Why do doctors recommend routine
cancer screening for elderly people?
A) It is believed to
contribute to long life.