现代造纸污染处理

因此如何有

效地去除造纸废水中的含氯有机物已经成为废水处理的一大难 题。

本文在查阅大

量文献资料的基础上针对当前的废水来源和废 水处理技术特点进行详述

,

主要

介绍 国内外处理造纸废水的方法和新技术

，并就国内外治理造纸废 水的现状和

未来的发展前景加以评述。

关键词

：造纸废水，废水处理

Modern chemical enterprise

- paper making wastewater treatment technology and its prospect

Abstract

Pick to characteristics of papermaking wastewater are introduced, and

various technology of wastewater treatment, current treatment of wastewater are

reviewed and its application, and analyzes the development trend of papermaking

wastewater treatment.

With the rapid development of paper- making industry, paper industry wastewater

has become one of the important sources of pollution of water environment.

Papermaking wastewater pollution is already the world's recognized as one of the

six

residue, noise and odour. The waste water pollution the most serious and complicated,

this is due to the paper industry wastewater emissions big, and there are a lot of

cellulose, lignin, inorganic alkali, tannins, resins, protein and so on. And even after

the full recycling of waste liquid, are more or less there will be some loss of cellulose

and hemicellulose into the waste water. Papermaking waste water discharged into

water bodies, with plenty of organic matter in water cause varying degrees of

pollution. Papermaking process is often a need to add some necessary chemicals and

chemical additives, the material loss into the increase of water pollution in water body.

Papermaking industry bleach section is usually use bleach chlorine compounds,

leading to discharge of bleaching wastewater contains large amounts of chlorinated

organic compounds, one of the chlorine phenol acid, fatty acid chloride, chlorinated

resin such as toxic and difficult to treatment of chlorinated organic compounds, and to

the environment have strong poison and teratogenic, multiple cranial nerve lesions, so

how to effectively remove the chlorine in the papermaking wastewater organic matter

has become a big problem to wastewater treatment. Based on consulting a large

number of documents for the current source of waste water and waste water treatment

technology characteristics in detail, mainly introduced papermaking wastewater

treatment methods and new technology at home and abroad, and the treatment of

papermaking wastewater at home and abroad present situation and future prospects

are reviewed.

Key words

: papermaking waste water, waste water treatment

一、制浆造纸废水特点和处理方法

造纸工业废水主要分为蒸煮废液、

中段水、

造纸白水三种

,

对于废纸制浆企

业来说

,

在废纸再生利用过程中会产生脱墨废水

,

它们由于产生的情况和来源

不同

,

其污染的严重程度和特点也有一定的差异。

1. 1

蒸煮废液

蒸煮废液即碱法制浆的黑液 和酸法制浆的红液。

目前国内的制浆技术主要是

碱法制浆

,

黑液的污染负荷最大

,

占整个造纸行业污染负荷的

90% ,

其产生的

黑液污染物浓度与所用造纸原料种类、

生产工艺等有 关。

一般黑液中杂质约占

10%

~

20%

,

其中

1/

3

为无机物

,

主要是各种钠盐

;

2/

3

为有机物

,

主要是碱木素、

半纤维素、

脂肪酸和树脂酸等。