翻译复习4

反复观察变换的奇< /p>

景

。

During his lifetime, Xu Xiake

traveled around and explored

in 16 provinces,

leaving his

footsteps

in virtually every part of the country. He never

embraced

the conclusions recorded

in previous documents without consideration. Instead, in his exploration he found in many

aspects those

geographical documentations proposed by his predecessors

fairly inaccurate.

Cart

or

boat

was

deliberately

not

used

in

his

travel;

rather

,

for

a

real

and

delicate

reconnaissance of

the places he visited , he would often

make himself difficult and walk over

long distances in remote hills and dales

, so as to find out

the true features of the great works

of nature

. He made it a point of undertaking his expeditions in

treacherous mountain areas

and in the woods sparsely populated

. It was in this way that he discovered many marvelous

mountains and majestic scenes. Furthermore, at different times of the seasons he often paid

repeated visits to the noted mountains across the country, which, however

,

enabled him to

observe more than once

the marvelous sceneries that kept changing all the year round.

2.

脍炙 人口

的传统京剧

《白蛇传》

讲的是传自 明朝的故事。

白蛇精与青蛇精化作

美女来到人间。白蛇精与

一位书生相爱并生一子。

禅师法海

认为他们 的结合

违反传统婚姻，伤风败俗，他气急败坏

。于是他派神兵< /p>

神将前来捉拿白蛇精，并将她

镇压在

一座 塔下面。后来，青蛇精在

深山中修炼，习武多年

，终于砸烂了那

座塔，救出白蛇精。至此，白蛇精与丈夫、儿子又得团聚。在《白》剧中，蛇被

赋予了崇高的人性

。

参考译文：

The White Snake

,

a blockbuster

, known as a traditional Peking opera, deals with the legend

that happened in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).

White Snake Spirit and Green Snake Spirit, who

were metamorphosed

into two beauties, ventured down to the earth. Then, White Snake fell

in love with a young scholar and bore a son. However

, Fahai, a Buddhist monk, who regarded

their

marriage

against

both

conventions

and

morality,

went

into

such

wrath

that

he

commanded

officers and soldiers from the heaven to capture White Snake, resulting in the

final languishment of White Snake in a pagoda. Since then, to break the spell and topple the

pagoda

one

day

,

Green

Snake

consummated

her

spiritual

and

martial

arts

in

desolate

mountains, and she succeeded in rescuing her mistress.

The opera, in which snakes were

highly humanized and respected,

ends up with the reunion of White Snake, her husband and

son.

3.

与此相对的是

< br>―

啃老族

‖

的出现。作为

―

80

后

‖

的一员，他们选择了

逃避

。上学时

心安理得

花着家里的钱。

毕业时却找出各种理由不肯 就业，

家里托关系

给安排了，又以种种借口推托。而他们每天的 生活就是中午

时才起床，

早饭午饭合二为一后

< br>，要么上网，要么找同样赋闲的朋友去逛街，还要买回一大堆价格不菲的

东西，< /p>

美其名曰提高生活质量

，

当然父母还要为 他们埋单

。这其中有很多都是

普通工薪阶层的家庭

，辛苦

把孩子养到大学毕业，却还要继续养下去，

至 于期限，就要看这个孩子何时醒悟

了。

Contrary

to

the

former

comes

the

NEET

group

(Not

currently

engaged

in

Education,

Employment

or

Training),

members

of

which,

born

in

the

late

1980s,

signify

refusal

to

participate in employment

.

T

aking for granted

their relying on their parents for expenses

when at school, they even excuse themselves from going job-hunting as college graduates.

Meanwhile,

they

rejected

the

opportunity

gained

with

the

help

of

their

parents.

When

it

comes to their lifestyles, all are characterized by a fairly late getting-up at noon, followed by

a whole day spent on web over a simple brunch, or shopping bunches of luxuries with close

friends having no stable jobs, which they glorified as one way of living-standards raising.

Without doubt, once again here comes the turn of their parents to pay those bills.

The wider

NEET group comprises adolescents from ordinary working-class families, which have no other

choice

but

continue

their

massive

efforts

in

supporting

their

children

after

their

college

graduation. Nevertheless, to continue or not, the answer

hinges on those unsophisticated

children

’

s wake

–

up time.

4.1840

年以前

,

中国

总以为

自己是

天朝上国

,

那么文明

,

好得不得

了

,

所有的

蛮夷

都 是野蛮得不得了

,

所以

他们都是

落后

的

.

这种心态经 过鸦片战争

(the Opium War),

中国打了败仗< /p>

,

就完全改变了

.

中国有一批人

开

始觉悟了

,

他们在思考中国为什么打败仗呢

,

是中国的船< /p>

,

炮不行

,

洋人 则船坚炮利

.

所以最早一批思想比较

开

明

,

比较清醒的

人

,

就提出来要学西方的这个长处

.

他们提出一个有名的口号

,

叫做

师夷长技以制夷

.< /p>

他们知

道中国

不能

闭关自守

,

总是保守自己的一套

传统 旧东西

,

要学一点外来的新东西

.

Years before 1840

witnessed

its

deep-rooted notion

that China

——

a dynasty in paradise

——

was highly civilized and its preoccupied prejudice that all the people outside China

lived

in

extremely

primitive

state

as

barbarians

;

however

,

the

mentality

was

later

completely

shattered

by China

’

s defeat of shame in the Opium War

. Hence, a group of Chinese

dropped

their previous wishful thinking, trying to figure out what on earth spawned the whole defeat

.

Finally,

China

’

s

vulnerable

battleships

and

toy-like

cann ons

—

—

no

match

for

that

of

foreigners

’

——

bore

the

blame;

therefore,

the

earliest

group

of

liberal- minded

Chinese

soberly brought forth one well-known slogan

“

To contain foreigners

’

aggression, learn from

them first

”

, signifying their initiatives to learn westerners

’

strengths

. Indeed, they came to

realize that it was

no longer wise for

China to

detach itself from the outside

world

or stick to

inappropriate conventions. After all, China was supposed to keep its door open to t

he new

knowledge from the outside.

Figuratively, a

―

land of milk and honey

‖

is any place of great abundance.

5.

太湖明珠无锡，位于江苏省南部，地处美丽富饶的长江三 角洲中心地带。这里气候宜人，物产丰富，风

景优美，是

享有盛 誉

的鱼米之乡。与万里长城齐名的

古京杭大运河

纵贯市区，泛舟河上，

能领略

水乡的民

俗风情。

Like a bright pearl of the T

aihu Lake, Wuxi is situated in the center of the beautiful and

fertile

Changjiang

Delta

in

southern

Jiangsu

Province.

It

boasts

its

pleasant

climate,

rich

natural resources and exquisite scenery,

thus earning fame as the land of milk and honey.

Cutting through the city is the

Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal,

an ancient project equal in

fame to the Great Wall. A trip along the river will offer visitors a chance to

take in the charm

of

the local township customs.

太湖是中国五大淡水湖之一，流经江浙两省，

湖中有数不胜数的大小岛屿，其景色一年四季各具特色，气

势雄伟壮观，独领风 骚。

The T

aihu Lake, known as one of the five fresh water lakes in China,

where you

’

ll find numerous islands of sizes

, flows through Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces,

projecting

scenes

changing

with

the

season;

its

beauty

is

unique

in

magnificence

and

majesty.

距市区七公里的太湖梅梁景区是

太湖风景之精华

，

碧波万顷

，渔帆点点，湖光山色令人陶醉。

其中的鼋头

渚巨石状如鼋头

，远眺烟波浩渺的太湖，

―

太湖佳绝处

< br>‖

。

The

highlight

of

the

tour

,

however

, comes

when you pay a visit to Meiliang scenic spot

——

seven kilometers away from

downtown Wuxi

——

where you

’

ll find a scenery like no other:

the boundless expanse of blue

waters

is

dotted by fishing boats against an enchanting background of mist-shrouded hills.

Especially, the huge rock there, dubbed Yuantouzhu, shaped like a turtle

’

s head,

commands

a distant view of the vast lake

; it

’

s

no wonder why

Guo Moruo(a celebrated Chinese poet),

regarded the rock as the spectacular vantage point of the T

aihu Lake.

在

< br>―

碧波万顷，鱼帆点点，湖光山色令人陶醉

‖

结构上，译文一 更胜一筹。从

―

one cannot help being intoxicated

……‖

开头，其后用介词将

―

white

sails

‖

,

―

dark

and

green

hills

‖

如原文中的

―

碧 波万顷

‖

，旨在说明江河面积之广阔，而译文一

―

a

boundless /vast expanse of blue water

‖

贴切原文。

旅游景点名称的翻译是一 个难点，因为景点名称所包含文化的元素以及中英文之间的不对等性，使得在中

文景点名 称的英译过程中信息传递的不完全。

专名是单音节，通名也是单音节，这时通名应视作专 名的组

成部分，

先音译并与专名连写，

后重复意译。

如

―

太湖

‖

译文二译成

―

T

aihu Lake

‖

比译文一的

―

T

ai Lake

‖

更好。至于

―

鼋头渚

‖

的翻译，两个译 文各有其道理。译文一采用意译法

―

Tortoise

Rocks

‖

，可能是考虑

到让外国人知道该石头名字的含意，以便容易了解景点所包含的文化意义 ；而译文二是

―

yuantouzhu

Giant stone

‖

采用音译与意译兼顾< /p>

,

单从名字上看，外国人只知道它是一块石头，而不知到它是怎样 的一

块石头。但是，如果外国人到中国旅游问路，中国人就更容易听懂了。由此可见，< /p>

翻译的目的不同，翻译

出来的东西也不同。

6

．

历 史雄辩地说明

，

中美之间建立在

平等互 利的基础上

的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。

中国物< /p>

美价廉的制成品源源不断地走上美国超级市场的货架，而美国的农产品、高新技术产品，连 同跨国公司的

资本和技术，滚滚不息地涌进中国内地。中国人民以其勤劳的双手，增进了 美国的福祉，促使其产业升级

换代；而北美这块

广袤而又富饶< /p>

的土地，也以其精华滋润和促进了中国的现代化进程。经贸合作是两国能

< br>

够找到共同语言的最佳领域。以谋求

共同利益来减少或淡化意识形态差异和利益冲突

，过去是、今后更是

。

Beyond controversy comes the fact

that the division of labor

——

as the history indicates

——

which is

based on equality and mutual benefit

between China and USA constitutes the most

reasonable and practical international relationship

——

a relationship manifesting itself in

following aspects: from China,

manufactures with low price and fine quality keep flowing into

America

’

s supermarkets

in a steady stream; from America,

farm produce, high technology

products, together with the capital and technology of the multinationals are pouring into

China

’

s mainland. The industrious Chinese people have contributed to the enhancement of

the well-being of the American people and the updating and upgrading of American industry,

while the fine products from the vast and fertile land of North America have promoted China

’

s

moderniza tion

——

economic and trade cooperation is the best area for both countries to find

common ground; it was and will remain

to be the only road that leads both to peaceful

coexistence ,

where striving for common interests

makes minimizing or mitigating differences

in ideology and conflicts of interests possible.

1.

英译中

President Bill Clinton's My Life shows us the progress of a remarkable American, who,

through his own enormous energies and efforts, made the unlikely journey from Hope,

Arkansas, to the White House--a journey fueled by an impassioned interest in the political

process which manifested itself at every stage of his life: in college, working as an intern for

Senator William Fulbright; at Oxford, becoming part of the Vietnam War protest movement;

at Yale Law School, campaigning on the grassroots level for Democratic candidates; back in

Arkansas, running for Congress, attorney general, and governor

.

克林顿总统所撰写的《我的生活》 一书，记述了一个美国人非凡的成长历程

.

凭着充沛的精力及 不懈的努

力

,

他走过一段令旁人觉得不 可思议的人生之路：先是生活在阿肯色州的霍普镇，接着是入住白宫——这一

路都亏他对 政治仕途满怀热情

,

而这一点只要参照他人生的每一阶段便可得 知：在大学期间

,

他已经是参议

员威廉

·

富尔布莱特的实习生

;

在牛津大学

,

他投身于反越战运动

< br>;

在耶鲁大学法学院

,

他在基层 为民主党总统

候选人助选

;

回到阿肯色 州

,

他先后竞选过国会议员

,

司法部长

,

州长

.

We see his career

shaped by his resolute determination

to improve the life of his fellow

citizens,

an unfaltering commitment to

civil rights,

and an exceptional understanding

of the

practicalities of political life.

我们发现

,

他之所以有如今的职业生涯

,

靠得是

他致力于要改善同胞生活

的坚定决心

,

靠得是

他投身于民权运动的矢志不渝

,

靠得是

他对于如何运用政治权力的独到见解

.

We come to understand the emotional pressures of his youth--

born after his father's death

;

caught in the dysfunctional relationship between

his feisty, nurturing mother and his abusive

stepfather

, whom he never ceased to love and whose name he took; drawn to the

brilliant,

compelling Hillary Rodham

, whom he was determined to marry; passionately devoted, from

her infancy, to their daughter

, Chelsea, and to the entire experience of fatherhood; slowly and

painfully beginning to comprehend how

his early denial of pain

led him at times into

damaging patterns of behavior

.

我们逐渐了解到他青少年时期在感情上所承受的压力

——

他是一个遗腹子

;

童年时饱受家庭失和之苦：母

亲

脾气暴躁

,

但对他关爱备至。

继父则动辄恶语相加

,

尽管如此

,

他一直爱着他的继父 ，

且随了他的姓氏

;

接着

希拉里

罗德汉姆

吸引了他——

她才华横溢，

魅不可挡

.

于 是他下定决心与她结为连理

;

而打切尔西出生起，

他作为一位父亲就从未吝啬对女儿的深爱

;

< br>他逐渐痛苦地意识到，正是早期他

对于伤心往事的回避

令 他偶

尔做出些有损人格的错事

.

industrious

（同）

：

assiduous , sedulous, laborious, persistent, persevering, conscientious

fertile

（同）

：

fecund, productive, fruitful, prolific, teeming, abundant, profuse, plentiful,

luxuriant ,copious

考点：

seek

（同）

：

pursue, be in pursuit/ quest of, strive for

2.

英译中

To recline on a stump of thorn in the central valley of Egdon, between afternoon and

night

as

now,

where

the

eye

could

reach

nothing

of

the

world

outside

the

summits

and

shoulders of heath-land which filled the whole circumstance of its glance,

傍晚时分

,

也正是眼

下这会儿，来到爱格敦荒原的中部山谷，斜倚一棵棘树的残株

,

你放眼望去能看到的，除了四面环列的荒丘

芜阜

wú< /p>

fù

，其它什么也没有。

and to know that everything around and underneath had been

from prehistoric times as unaltered as the stars overhead,

而眼前一切的一切，却宛如天上星辰

一般，亘古未变。

gave ballast to the mind adrift on change, and harassed by the irrepressible

New.

人生无常，白云苍狗 ，也每每只有这时，漂泊的心能于不定中获得安抚，于烦虑中寻得静谧。

The

great inviolate place had an ancient permanence which the sea cannot claim. Who can say of

a particular sea that it is old? Distilled by the sun, kneaded by the moon, it is renewed in a

year

, in a day, or in an hour

.

这片未曾开垦的土地

,

它的原生态历 经时代淘洗仍得以恒久存在

,

这一点

连 海洋也难以与其媲美。

有谁能说有海洋还是远古时期的样

?

海水在太阳下蒸发，

在月亮下涨落，

海洋是 一

年一个样，

一天一个样，

一小时一个 样。

The sea changed, the field changed, the rivers, the villages,

and the people changed, yet Egdon remained.

沧海桑 田，江河改道，世事兴衰，爱格敦呢，却依

然如故。

Those surfaces were neither so steep as to be destructible by weather

, nor so flat as

to be the victims of floods and deposits.

它的地表不过于陡峭，这减少了风吹雨打对它的侵蚀。同