高三英语阅读理解教案

1.

客观理解：即对所给材料中具体事实和细节的理解。

2.

主观理解：即通过阅读短文，对文中主旨、主题、中心 思想和作

者意图、态度及语篇逻辑关系等深层意义上的理解，并据此进行推

理和判断。

错题攻略

易错题型一

归纳概括主题

典例

1

（

2007

年广东卷）

which of the following can be the

best title of this passage?

a. how to live truthfully

b. importance of peacefulness

c. ways of gaining self-respect

d. happiness through honorable actions

【命题意图】

< br>归纳概括中心主旨的题目是高考必考题目，考查考生

通过理解、总结、归纳，找出 文章中心意思的能力。

【解题思路】

正确答案为

d

。做这类试题要求考生不仅要区分主要

信息和 次要信息，跳出一词一句，俯瞰全文，找出主题句（一般来

说在文章的句首与句尾），而 且要善于概括文章的中心思想（通常

是一个完整的句子，能全面准确地概括文章的中心主 旨）。通常最

佳题目可以是一个短语词组，它不仅能概括文章的中心主旨，还有

吸引读者、引发阅读兴趣的任务。

【失分警示】

解答此类阅读理解题 时，考生一定要注意运用找主题

句的阅读方法，留意文章句首和句尾的主题句。如文章中 没有主题

句，则要把所有的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章

的中心大意。

易错题型二

逻辑推理判断

典例

2

（

2007

年浙江卷）

what do we learn from this text?

a. what ones says reflects how one feels.

b. aphasics have richer feelings than others.

c. normal people often tell lies in their speeches.

d. people poor at one thing can be good at another.

【命题意图】

考试说明中关于高考 阅读理解能力测试的第四点要求

是：

―

能理解某句某段的意义，并能把握全篇文脉，即句与句、段

与段的关系，并能据此进行推 理和判断。

‖

【解题思路】

正确答案为

d

。这类考题旨在测试考生在阅读基础上

的逻辑 推理能力，即根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋

势或结局作出合理的推断；或 根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生要仔细阅读短文 ，了解完整的

信息，才能准确把握作者观点。

在进行推理、判断时，考生一定要依据短文内容或作者观点， 切忌

主观臆断，切忌以自己的观点看法取代作者的原意。

【失分警示】

< br>解答此类阅读理解题时，考生不仅要了解文章的大意，

吃透文章的精神，摸清文中 的细节，更要对文章进行必要的归纳，

领会作者的意图，并进行合理的常识性推断及逻辑 推理。

易错题型三

领悟文章的隐含意义

典例

3

（

2007

年浙江卷）

from the dialogue between the boy

and his mother, we learn that the mother was _______.

a. excited b. interested

c. ashamedd. disappointed

【命题意图】

< br>考试说明中关于高考阅读理解能力测试的第三点要求

是：

―

既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度，意图

等 。

‖

即作者没有鲜明地表达自己的观点，而将其隐含在字里行 间，

流露于修辞手法之中。

【解题思路】

正确答案为

d

。这类考题要求考生对于作者没有明确

说明的 写作目的、立场态度、思想倾向等作出合理的推断。这种

―

言外 之意，弦外之音

‖

要求考生有

―

锣鼓听音

‖

的敏锐感觉，合理推

断的思维品质。

【失分警示】

解答此类阅读理解题 时，考生要透过文章字面意思领

悟其隐含意义和深层意义，这就需要仔细地阅读和认真地 思考，在

通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意。

实战演习

（定时：

30mins

，每小题

2

分，共

40

分，得 分：

_____

分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的

a

、

b

、

c

、

d

四个选项中，选出最佳

选项。

a

lifeguard, sportscaster, movie star, governor, president

——

there wasn‘t much ronald reagan didn‘t

do in life.

―the world was a vast opportunity for him,‖ lou cannon wrote

in his biography

（传记）

of the former us president, who died

on june 5, aged 93.

reagan‘s final years saw him fight a losing battle against

alzheimer‘s disease

（老年痴呆症）

. but his positive attitude

toward life has given hope to many people.

born in 1911 to a poor family in a small town in illinois, his

father was a failed salesman who drank too much. it was in

these difficult times, though, that reagan developed the

powerful optimism

（乐观）

that would serve him so well. he

always believed better times laying ahead, and this was

reflected in his high school yearbook entry. ―life is one grand,

sweet song, so start the music,‖ he wrote.

as a teenager, reagan spent summers working as a lifeguard

at a local beach, saving 77 lives in seven years. he graduated

from college in 1932 with a degree in economics and sociology.

but america was still in the middle of the great depression, and

jobs were hard to find. reagan finally found work as a radio

sports announcer and this road led him to hollywood in 1937.

during the 20 year film career, he never became a leading star.

as in his lifeguard days, reagan loved to play the hero and only

took the role of a bad guy once in more than 50 films.

a talented speaker who was always able to connect with his

audience, reagan became involved in politics in the 1950s. this

popular touch led to him being elected the governor of

california in 1967. all the while reagan was in california, he had

his eye on the white house. in 1980, aged 69, he became the

oldest man ever elected president.

he held office from 1981 to 1989, the first president to serve

two complete terms after world war

Ⅱ

. when he left, aged 77,

he held the highest popularity rate of any retiring president in

us history. he remained positive even when he discovered he

had an illness that would destroy him. ―i will

leave with the greatest love for this country of ours and eternal

（永恒的）

optimism for its future,‖ he wrote.

1. reagan can be best described as a man with ______.

a. firmness b. humourc. optimism d. talent

2. what didn‘t reagan do in his life time?

a. playing the role of a bad guy.

b. being a leading star of the film.

c. saving people‘s lives.

d. working as a radio sports announcer.

3. which is the correct order of events described in the

passage?

a. reagan fought a losing battle against alzheimer‘s disease.

b. reagan became an actor.

c. reagan worked as a lifeguard.

d. reagan graduated from college.

e. reagan was elected the governor of california.

a. a, c, d, e ,b b. e, c, d, b, a

c. b, a, c, d, e d. c, d, b, e, a

4. when the author of reagan‘s biography says ―the world

was a vast opportunity for him,‖ he really means that _______.

a. reagan achieved much in his whole life

b. reagan could have done much better

c. reagan did much for america and the world

d. reagan was a very lucky man

2013

高考英语单词联想记忆

一

adventure n. vt.

：

venture

冒险；投机

risk; danger; adventurous adj.

喜欢冒险的；充满危险的

airplane n.

aircraft

飞行器

;

飞机

;