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【英语】中考英语阅读理解专题复习1

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2021-02-13 07:06
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2021年2月13日发(作者:兄弟网络)


【英语】中考英语阅读理解专题复习


1



一、初三英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)


< br>1



根据短文内容出选择正确答案。



A



A farmer had a brother in town who was a gardener, and his brother had a garden full of the


finest fruit trees. So his skill and his beautiful trees were famous everywhere. One day the farmer


went into the town to visit his brother, and was surprised at the trees that grew quite well.




and you, and your children, and your children's children will enjoy it.



Then the gardener called his workmen and ordered them to take up the tree and carry it to


his


brother's


farm.


They


did


so,


and


the


next


morning


the


farmer


began


to


wonder


where


he


should plant it.





I


plant


it


on


the


hill,


he


said


to


himself,



wind


might


catch


it


and


shake


down


the


delicious fruit before it is ripe. If I plant it close to the road, passersby will see it and take away


the apples--but if I plant it too near the door of my house, my children may pick the fruit.


after he had thought the matter over, he planted the tree behind his barn


(谷仓)


.



Time passed, but the tree had no fruit the first year, nor the second-then the farmer called his


brother. When the gardener came, the farmer said angrily,


useless tree instead of a fruitful one. This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves!




The gardener laughed and said,


How could you expect flowers and fruit?



1



From the passage, we can see the farmer planted the apple tree




A. behind his barn


B. on the hill


C. close to the road


D. near his house




2



The underlined word




A.


挂果


B.


成熟


C.


开花


D.


成长




3



What is NOT mentioned in the fifth paragraph?




A. What happened to the apple tree. B. Why the farmer got angry with his brother.



C. What kind of man the farmer was.


D. Why the farmer called his brother.


< br>(


4



Which of the following is NOT true?




A. The farmer's brother had a garden full of the finest fruit trees.



B. The gardener gave his brother the best apple tree from his garden.



C. No flowers, fruit or leaves were on the apple tree.



D. The farmer thought his brother gave him a useless tree.




5


What do you know from the end of the story?




A. The farmer moved the tree to the roadside.



B. The gardener took the tree to the roadside.



C. The tree will have no fruit any more.



D. The gardener taught the farmer a lesson.



【答案】




1



A




2


< br>B




3



C




4



C




5



D



【解析】


【分析】农民从城里的园丁 那里移植了一棵苹果树,把它种在他的谷仓后面,三


年了,果树没有长出像园丁说的那样 的果子。这是为什么呢?园丁来了一看恍然大悟。





1


)细节理解。根据文章第四段


So, after he had thought the matter over, he planted the tree


behind his barn


(谷仓)


.


可知选


A





2

< p>
)词义猜测。句意:



如果我把它种在山上,在果 实成熟前大风会吹果树,把可口的果


实晃掉。



因此选


B





3


)细节理解。根据第五段可知,两年树没有结果实 ;农民很生气,给哥哥打电话说他哥


哥骗他。没有提到农民是怎么样一个人,故选


C




< p>
4


)细节理解。根据第五段


This is the third year and still it brings out nothing but leaves!



知树没有开花结果,但是长有叶子。故选< /p>


C





5


)推理判断。根据最后一段,园丁告诉农民树不结果的原因,故选< /p>


D


,给他上了一课。


< br>【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力,答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键

< br>词,在文章中寻找答案。




2



根据短文内容选择正确答案。




D



If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably


not. The e


xcitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.




Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty in such positive


(积极的)


light when you’re out of work, or


when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance.



When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea


what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting


(咨询)


, but she knew she wouldn’t stay


there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income


(收入)


by


teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she


wasn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted.



She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She


was


lost


and


felt


that


she


would


never


find


anything


out.


After


six


years,


Allison,


by


having


a


general


(全面的)


plan


in mind,


got


married,


moved


to


the Midwest,


and


used


her


consulting


experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well


spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ourselves.



The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise


your


life


is


not


your


own



it


is


a


path


someone


else


has


chosen.


Moments


of


uncertainty


are


when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job


hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty.


Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.



1



From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that .




A. being out of work is a sad thing B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting



C. life in a film is more exciting than real life.


D. chance never appears when we need it




2



What troubles Allison after graduation?




A.


She couldn’t find a well


-paid job.



B. She had no money to start a business.



C. She was not sure what to do.



D.


She didn’t score high enough for gradu


ate school.




3



How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience?




A. Uncertain.


B. Amazed .


C. Sorry.


D. Satisfied.




4



What may be discussed in the following paragraph?




A. How to deal with uncertainty.


B. What role uncertainty plays in life.



C. Why people fear uncertainty. D. Whom to go to when facing uncertainty.



【答案】




1



B



(< /p>


2



C




3



D

< p>



4



A



【解析】


【分析】这是一篇关于人生 的议论性短文。短文以艾莉森为例描写了人生的不确


定性,也正是正在不确定性才让我们 的生活变得更加有趣。但是短文最后并没有提出解决


办法。


< /p>



1


)细节理解。根据

< br>The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.


可知生活


的刺激性正是因为他的 不可预知性,故选


B





2


)细节理解。根据


bu t had no idea what she wanted to do.


及下文 描述可知选


C




3


)细节理解。根据


Allis on realized that she spent her years finding her w ay:


及本段描述可


知选


D

< p>




4


)推理判断。根据


you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.


及上文描述可知本


段对不确定性进行了描述,但是并没有提出解决办法,故选


A


,如何处理不确定性。



点评:阅读中,要注意作者的 观点,注意根据关键语句了解作者要表达的观点。然后带着


问题,再读全文,完成阅读。





3



根据短文内容选择正确答案。




C




Grace,


usually


known


as


the


Home


of


Microsoft,


is


inside


an


office


building


in


Redmond,


Washington. Once you come into the building, you will feel that you're in a modern and future


home.




When


you


enter


the


building,


Grace's


voice,


coming


from


a


hidden


speaker,


tells


you


your


messages. In the kitchen, you set a bag of flour


(面粉)


on a flat stone table. Grace sees what


you're doing and makes a menu of flour-based foods on the table. Once you choose one, Grace


gives you ingredients


(配料)


.



There's also a notice board in the kitchen m


ade of “intelligent


(智能的)



cloth” that works


like a touch screen computer. You can deal with postcards and invitations and surf the net with


the touch of a finger. The invitations could be encoded


(编码)


. You can deal with them on the


computer. It's part of Microsoft's Smart Personal Objects Technology, whose aim is to make every


object more efficient


(有效率的)


.




“The day when your house becomes a member of your family is not far,” says Pam Heath, a


manager


of


Microsoft.


At


the


Andersen


Windows


Company,


Jay


Libby


imagines


that


windows


made of intelligent glass can be changed into TVs.




“Nobody wants a television set,” says Libby. “What you want is the service it provides.” If the


TV isn't improved, it will disappear in the future.




Home


entertainment


is


one


consideration


for


the


future.


At


the


Georgia


Institute


of


Technology in Atlanta, scientists are designing systems that will allow old people to live better on


their


own.


So


Grandma's


home


can


be


cleverly


designed


to


recognize


(识别)



her


ways


of


waking, sleeping and movement. Family members will be told any change by their computers.




1



We can know from the passage that Grace _________.




A. is an idea known as the Microsoft Home B. is a machine that works like a TV



C. can understand what its master does D. can cook meals for its master




2



According to the passage, all the following are true EXCEPT________.




A. Grace can help you in the kitchen



B. you can use the computer with a touch screen



C. windows will take the place of TV sets in the near future



D. TV technology needs improving




3



It can be inferred


(推断)


from the passage that ________.




A. the building in the future will be intelligent



B. your windows will be changed into TVs



C. few people will like watching TV in the future



D. all th


e old people will live without others’ help




4



Which would be the best title for the text?




A. Modern Home


B. Popular Home


C. Future Home


D. Smart Home



【答案】




1



C



(< /p>


2



C




3



A

< p>



4



D



【解析】


【分析】你走进厨房,


Grace


会告诉你相关的留言,你看见面粉,

Grace


会给你提


供面食的菜单,你选择一个菜单,


Grace


会给你相关的配料,这些都是智能家庭给我们带


来的便利,高效。在未来智能家庭还会提供更多更便利的科技,计算机正改变着我们的生


活。




< p>
1


)推理判断。根据第一段的描述和第二段


tel ls you your messages


告诉你信息;


makes a


menu of flour-based foods on the table


制定面食菜单;


gives you i ngredients


给你配料等,可



Grace


应该是一台家庭智能机器,它会看懂你做的事情,并提供必要的帮助,故选


C





2


)推理判断。根据第二段在厨房的活动可知


A


是对的;根据第二段



that


works


like


a


touch screen computer



You can deal with them on the computer


可知


B

< p>
是对的;根据第三



windows made of intelligent glass can be changed into TVs


用智能玻璃做成的


Windows


可以


变成电视,并没有要取代电视的意思,故


C


是错误的 ;根据第四段



If the TV isn’


t improved,


it will disappear in the future


可知如果电视没有改进,它在将来会 消失,故


D


也是对的。因


此选


C





3


)推理判断。根据最后一段


Home


entertainment


is


one


consideration


for


the


future



scientists are designing systems that will allow old people to live better on their own


可知科学家


们正努力使未来的建筑智能化。故选


A





4


)主旨大意。根据本 文举到的例子



智能厨房


< p>
可知,未来的家庭智能化必将是一种趋


势。故选


D .


智能家庭。



【点评】阅读理解考查 对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力,答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键


词,在文章中寻找答案 。




4



阅读理解




Humans have learnt many things from nature. These things have helped us in our daily life. The


latest thing is self-repairing clothing.



Scientists have developed a special way for clothing to repair rips and tears by itself, without


the need for sewing. It works with materials such as cotton, linen and wool. The scientists are


from the Naval Research Office and Pennsylvania State University in the USA. Scientists Dr Walter


Dressick and Dr Melik Demirel looked at how a squid can cling on to things so well. The research


team found a protein in the rings of teeth that cover the suckers on a squid. The protein is similar


to the one found in the silk that spiders use to make spider webs. It is very strong and elastic.



The new protein has been developed as part of a coating, which is put on clothes. When the


coating is dipped in water, the area around the rip or tear joins together in less than a minute.


This could help clothes last longer and save money for us. It could also be useful for military and


survival


clothes.


People


like


soldiers


and


mountaineers would


be


safer


if


they


had clothes


that


could be repaired quickly and easily. Professor Demirel spoke about the invention. He said,


coatings


are


thin,


less


than


a


micron,


so


they


wouldn't be


noticed


in everyday


wear.


Then


he


added,


making self-healing textiles.




1

< p>


From what have humans learnt a lot





A. Books. B. Nature. C. Scientists. D. Clothing.




2



What is NOT needed for the self-repairing clothes to fix themselves





A. Tears. B. Cotton. C. Sewing. D. Glue.




3


What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined words





A.



……


相同


B.



……


不同


C.



……


相似


D.



……


一样




4



The passage is about .



A. the new protein B. the coating C. humans D. the spider



【答案】




1



B



(< /p>


2



C




3



C

< p>



4



A



【解析】


【分析】主要讲了最新的发 明


——


自我修复衣服。





1


)细节 题。根据


Humans


have


learnt


many


things


from


natur e.


人类已经从大自然里学了


许多东西,故选

< br>B






2


)细节题。根据


Scienti sts have developed a special way for clothing to repair rips and tears


by itself, without the need for sewing.


可知是不需要缝,故选< /p>


C






3


)细节题。根据句子可知这种蛋白质与蜘 蛛用来制作蜘蛛网的丝中的蛋白质相似。


be


similar to


,和


……


相似,故选


C




< br>(


4


)细节题。根据


The new protein has been developed as part of a coatin g


,可知主要讲了


新型蛋白质,故选


A





【点评 】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。




5



阅读理解





Shirley


Temple,


the


once- famous


child




film


star,


died


at


the


age


of


85


on


February


10,


was born on April 23, 1928. She was good at acting and dancing. In 1934, she acted


(主演)


in the film Bright Eyes.



From then on she became famous around the world. Later she starred in other films and


won a Juvenile Oscar in February, 1935.



For many Americans born in the 1930s and 1940s, Temple was not just an on- screen star but


also a close friend in their childhood. She was remembered by the world as the forever


angel



An


American


film


star


said,



Shirley


Temple


encouraged




the


whole


country


during the Great Depression


(大萧条)


.




Shi


Li


and


Cui


Jiping


are


husband


and




wife.


They


are


disabled.


They


completed


the


first


Chinese


enc yclopedic


(百科知识的)


dictionary


for


deaf


people


and


people


with


hearing


problems.



The dictionary includes words on medicine, education, psychology, law, history and culture


about deaf people's life. This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people and


it helps them know about the world more easily.



They spent six years and over 1, 000, 000 yuan on the book. They first collected material for


the book by themselves, then they invited a lot of experts


(专家)


across the country to write.



The book is warmly welcomed by the deaf. One of the readers said,


we're not alone. We can have our own way to communicate with the world.




1

< br>)


Temple won the Juvenile Oscar in .



A. 1928


B. 1934


C. 1935


D. 1948



< br>2



From the passage we know that Temple .



A. was not good at dancing B. began to star in her first film when she was ten years old



C. was unfriendly to her fans


D. encouraged the whole country during the Great Depression




3



According to the passage, Shi Li and Cui Jiping .



A. are disabled people full of love


B. wrote many famous books



C. finished the book by themselves


D. live a very poor life




4



Which of the following is TRUE about the book





A. It is the first world encyclopedic dictionary.



B. It can help deaf people know about the world more easily.



C. It took them sixteen years to finish the book.



D. It introduces medicine and art about the life of people.



【答案】




1



C



(< /p>


2



D




3



A

< p>



4



B



【解析】


【分析】主要讲了曾经著名 的儿童电影明星雪莉


·


坦普尔和残疾夫妻史丽和崔吉平


他们为聋人和听力问题的人完成了第一本中文百科全书。





1


)细节 题。根据


Later she starred in other films and won a Juvenile Oscar in February, 1935.


可知在


1935



2


月赢得了


Juvenile Oscar


,故选


C






2


)细节题。根据


Little


Shirley


Temple


encouraged


the


whole


country


during


the


Great


Depression


(大萧条)


.< /p>


可知雪莉


·


坦普尔在经济大萧条期间鼓励 全国,故选


D






3


)细节 题。根据


They are disabled. They completed the first Chinese encyclopedic


(百科知

< p>
识的)


dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.


可知残疾夫妻史丽和崔 吉


平他们为聋人和听力问题的人完成了第一本中文百科全书,所以他们是充满爱心的残疾


人,故选


A






4


)细节 题。根据


This book


provides


a


learning


tool


for


this


special


group


of


people


and


it


helps them know about the world more easily.


可知这本书为 聋人提供了学习工具,帮助他们


更容易了解世界。故选


B





【点评】考查 阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。




6



阅读理解





Esperanza


lives


in


a


poor


Latino


(拉丁美洲的)



neighbourhood


in


Chicago,


America.


She


dreams of having her own house one day. Her parents told her that when they moved from their


last house, they would have a new and shiny


(亮闪闪的)


house. But the house is small and old.



Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.


A


lot


of


the


people


who


have


come


from


Mexico


don't


speak


English.


Many


miss


their


home


country. Esperanza understands their sadness, but she also feels at home in America. She is an


American, but her roots


(根)


will always be Latino.



Esperanza is young. Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. She is stuck between being a girl


and


being


a


woman.


In


the


poor


and


dangerous


area


where


she


lives,


this


is


difficult


for


her.


Mexican people usually live in a close neighbourhood. This means that people live packed


(挤塞


的)


in together. Everyone knows everyone else. So Esperanza knows other older girls that do


things she is not comfortable doing. It is just a fact of her life.




But


Esperanza


has


good


friends


too.


She


becomes


friends


with


two


sisters


named


Lucy


and


Rachel. They ride bikes and have adventures


(冒险)


together. Esperanza is also friends with a


girl


named


Alicia.


Alicia


is


afraid


of


the


rats


in


her


apartment.


She


shares


her


poems


with


Esperanza.



< p>
1



What is RIGHT about Esperanza?



A. She doesn't like what some of the older girls are doing.



B. She isn't quite used to her life in America.



C. She is an American and has a comfortable life.



D. She often lives with her friends enjoying doing things together.




2

< p>


Where does Esperanza live?



A. In a big old house in Mango Street.



B. In a small and old house in Mango Street.



C. In a new and shiny house.



D. In a small and dangerous house.




3



We can infer from the text that ______________.



A. many people who live in Mango Street are dangerous



B. Mango Street is an area where Esperanza's childhood is unforgettable



C. in Mango Street, people don't speak English



D. in Mango Street, everybody understands Esperanza s sadness




4



What does the word



A. hard to agree B. hard to believe C. hard to move D. hard to have a correct idea




5



The passage is mainly a simple introduction to ______________.



A. a person's experience



B. a person's friends



C. a place named Mango Street



D. love and sadness from Mango Street



【答案】




1



A



(< /p>


2



B




3



A

< p>



4



C




5



A



【解析】


【分析】主要讲了


Esperanza


住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区,房子又< /p>


小又旧,及其危险困难的生活。





1


)细节题。根据


So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable


doing.


可知


Esperanza


不喜欢其他女孩做的 不舒服的事情,故选


A






2


)细节 题。根据


But the house is small and old. Many people live in Mango Street, in a big


old


house,


Esperanza


lives


behind


it


with


her


family.


可知


Esperanza


的房子是小的旧的,住在


M ango Street


的后面,故选


B






3


)细节题。根据


In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her



知住在


Mango Street


是危险和困难的,故选


A






4< /p>


)细节题。根据前句


Like her friends, she has to grow up fast.


像她的朋友一样,她不得不


快速成长,所以卡在了女孩和妇女间,即很难移动,即


hardto move


,故选


C


< br>




5


)细节题。根据全文可知主要介绍了


Esperanza


住在 美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街


区,房子又小又旧,及其危险困难的生活。即个人经历 的介绍,故选


A





【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻 找答案。




7



阅读理解




We all know that many women like to wear dresses. They enjoy many kinds of colourful and


popular dresses. But have you ever heard of a 4D dress?



Jessica Rosenkrantz in the USA used 3D printing technology to make a very special and new


dress. It will help with the problems of different styles of women's dresses.



The dress maker called the special dress a


(织物)


. It can turn


into different kinds of shapes.



The company, in Massachusetts, the USA, also made a smartphone and an app


(应用)


. They


can help women to control their dresses. If women use the phone and the app, they can change


the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses. Isn't it very interesting?



When she talked about her work, Jessica said,


for women in the future. I am interested in making them too, I can't wait to make different kinds


of new dresses for women.




1

< br>)


What will the 4D dress do for women?



A. It will make women relax themselves a lot. B. It will turn into different styles for women.



C. It will help women keep thin and beautiful. D. It will help women find good jobs easily.




2



What does the underlined word



A. The 4D dress. B. 3D printing technology. C. A company. D. The dress maker.




3

< br>)


What will Jessica do in the future?



A. She will have many companies around the world.



B. She will buy a very new smartphone and use the app.



C. She will make many more changeable dresses.



D. She will help women choose more beautiful dresses.



< br>4



From the passage, we can infer that _________________.



A. Jessica Rosenkrantz used a common thing to make the 4D dress



B. the 4D dress can only turn into ten kinds of shapes for women



C. the company in the UK made the smartphone to control the 4D dress



D. women may use the phone and the app to change the style of the dress



< br>5



What's the best title for this passage?



A. Women's hobbies B. Women's styles C. Jessica's drear D. The 4D dress



【答案】




1



B



(< /p>


2



A




3



C

< p>



4



D




5



D



【解析】


【分析】本文介绍了


4D


连衣裙,未来会有更多适合女性的多变服装。




1


)推理题。根据


they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses


可知,


4d


服装对于女性来说,它会 变成不同的风格,故选


B






2


)词义 猜测题。根据


The


dress


maker


called


the


special


dress


a


dress



It


is


like


the


fabric


(织物)


. It can turn into different kinds of shapes


服装制造商称这种特殊服装为


“4d





。它就像织物(织物)。它可以变成不同的形状

< p>


可知


it


指代


4D


连衣裙,故选


A






3


)细节题。根据


I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women

可知杰西卡


将来会做很多更易变的衣服,故选


C

< p>





4


)推理题。根据


If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style


and many other things of the dresses


如果女性使用手机和应用程序,她们可以改变衣服的颜


色、风格和其他许多东西可知,



女性可能会使用手机 和应用程序来改变着装风格,故选


D






5


)主旨 题。根据本文介绍了


4D


连衣裙,未来会有更多适合女性的多变 服装可知


The 4D


dress


是 适合的标题,故选


D





【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题,词义猜测 题和主旨题四种常考题型,


细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断 出需要的信息,词义猜测题


需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意,主旨题需要通读全文 ,了解大意之后找出中心思


想。




8



阅读理解





On


the


afternoon


of


the


day


that


we


arrived


in


Xingcheng,


we


left


for


Qinhuangdao.


It


was


raining heavily while we were on the highway. I kept the speed less than 100 kilometres per hour.


We got to Qinhuangdao in the late afternoon. We booked in a hotel a normal room with a large


bed, an air conditioner, a TV and a toilet. 150 yuan more or less is worthy of that.


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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