2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析(精品五)

2015

年英语四级阅读模拟试题

年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案

（精品试卷五）

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is

followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them

there are four choices markedA

．

,B

．

, C

．

and D

．

. You should decide on

the best choice

and

mark

the corresponding

letter on Answer

Sheet 2 with

a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Let

children

learn

to

judge

their

own

work.

A

child

learning

to

talk

does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much,

he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference

between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit

by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other

people's.

In

the

same

way,

when

children

learn

to

do

all

the

other

things

they learn to do

without being

taught

to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride

a

bicycle-- compare

those

performances

with

those

of

more

skilled

people,

and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child

a

chance

to

find

out

his

own

mistakes

for

himself,

let

alone

correct

them.

We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice

a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was

made

to.

Soon

he

becomes

dependent

on

the

teacher.

Let

him

do

it

himself.

Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what

this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good

way of saying or doing this or not.

If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or

science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why

should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to

help

the

child

when

he

tells

us

that

he

can't

find

the

way

to

get

the

right

answer.

Let's

end

this

nonsense

of

grades,

exams,marks.

Let

us

throw

them

all

out,

and

let

the

children

learn

what

all

educated

persons

must

someday

learn,

how

to

measure

their

own

understanding,

how

to

know

what

they

know

or do not know.

Let

them

get

on

with

this

job

in

the

way

that

seems

most

sensible

to

them,

with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there

is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of

one's life is nonsense

in a

world

as

complicated and

rapidly changing as

ours. Anxious parents and teachers say,

something essential, something they will need to get in the world?

2015

年英语四级阅读模拟试题

Don't

worry!

If

it

is

essential,

they

will

go

out

into

the

world

and

learn

it.

56.

What

does

the

author

think

is

the

best

way

for

children

to

learn

things?

A

．

By imitating what other people do.

B

．

By making mistakes and having them corrected.

C

．

By listening to explanations from skilled people.

D

．

By asking a great many questions.

57. The passage suggests that learning to speak and leaming to fide a

bicycle are __________.

A

．

not really important skills

B

．

more important than other skills

C

．

basically different from learning adult skills

D

．

basically the same as learning other skills

58. According to the passage, the author thinks teachers in school

should__________.

A

．

allow children to learn by himself or herself

B

．

point out children's mistakes whenever they're found

C

．

correct children's mistakes as soon as possible

D

．

give children more book knowledge

59.

The

author

believes

the

teacher's

role

in

children's

learning

should

be__________.

A

．

the identifier and corrector of their errors

B

．

their helper and guide

C

．

the person to grade their performance and give feedbacks

D

．

the person to pass on something essential to them

60. The title of this passage could probably be__________.

A

．

Let Teachers Stop Work

B

．

Let Us Make Children Learn

C

．

Let Children Correct Their Own Papers

D

．

Let Children Learn by Themselves

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the

best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university

to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a

decision worksheet.

Psychologists who study optimization (

最优化

) compare the actual

decisions

made

by

people

to

theoretical

ideal

decisions

to

see

how

similar

they

are.

Proponents

(

支持者

)

of

the

worksheet

procedure

believe

that

it

will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are

several

variations

on

the

exact

format

that

worksheets

can

take,they

are

all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the

2015

年英语四级阅读模拟试题

problem

in

a

clear

and

concise

way

and

then

listing

all

possible

solutions

to

the

problem.

Next,

the

pertinent

(

相关的

)

considerations

that

will

be

affected

by

each

decision

are

listed,

and

the

relative

importance

of

each

consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is

assigned

a

numerical

value

to

reflect

its

relative

importance.

A

decision

is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The

alternative

with

the

highest

number

of

points

emerges

as

the

best

decision.

Since

most

important

problems

are

multifaceted

(

多层面的

),

there

are

several alternatives to choose from,each with unique advantages and

disadvantages.

One

of

the

benefits

of

a

pencil

and

paper

decision-making

procedure

is

that

it

permits

people

to

deal

with

more

variables

than

their

minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can

keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be

especially

useful

when

the

decision

involves

a

large

number

of

variables

with complex relationships. A realistic example for my college students

is the question

will I do

after graduation?

graduate might seek

a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree,

or travel abroad for a year.

A

decision-making

worksheet

begins

with

succinct

(

简洁的

)

statement

of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be

clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals

because long-range goals often involve a different decision than

short-range ones. Focusing on long- range goals, a graduating student

might revise the question

above to

will I do

after graduation that

will lead to a successful career?

61. Of the following stepsis the one that occurs before the others in

making a decision worksheet.

A

．

listing the consequences of each solution

B

．

calculating a numerical summary of each solution

C

．

writing down all possible solutions

D

．

deciding which consequences are most important

62. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is

defined as one that__________.

A

．

has the fewest variables to consider

B

．

uses the most decision worksheets

C

．

has the most points assigned to it

D

．

is agreed to by the greatest number of people

63. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means

of__________.

A

．

describing a process

B

．

classifying different types

C

．

providing historical background

D

．

explaining a theory