高考英语六选四专题讲解

句子中心实词是指在一个句子表达中需要占据句子主干或者中心意思的一

类实词。

和代词一样，

当一个句子中出现了表达某一特点概念的 中心实词时，

该

句上下文就应该围绕这样的中心来展开，

也就是说正确选项中不能呈现上下文没

有交代的一个中心实词，

因此我们可以利用这一现象来帮助我们找到正常选项或

者排除错误选项 。

例

1

：< /p>

_______ Ask yourself what problem the audience wants to solve, and talk about

1

that

problem

first.

“Then

and

only

then,

talk

about

what

you

are

good

at

as

the

solution to that problem,” says Morgan. “Audiences start off by asking why. Why am

I here? Why should I care? If you answer those questions early, then they’ll ask how.

Your job is to answ

er the why question first and then address the how.”

A. Be relevant to your audience

C. Focus on one theme, and eliminate everything else.

答案：

A

解析：空格所在位置揭示这 是段落的中心词

audience

，总结后文可见应该考虑读< /p>

者需求。而且接下来的几句话都是围绕这个中心词来的。

例

2

：

It is possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight, so do

savages; so to be good at fighting is to be good in the way an animal or a savage is

good,

but

it

is

not

to

be

civilized.

____68_______.

People

fight

to

settle

quarrels.

Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of

settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off greater number of

the other side, and then saying that the side which has killed most has won.

A. Even being good at getting others to fight most efficiently is not being civilized.

C. However, every year conflicts between countries and nations still claim thousands

of lives.

答案：

A

解析

:

这里容易受到干扰是

C

因为原文后 面说人们打斗去解决争吵。但是这一段

中心词是

civiliz ed

。根据句意，但是他们不是最文明的，全文贯穿文明这个词。

2.

利用代词指代关系解题

英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主 代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑

问代词、

连接代词和 不定代词等等。

当一个句子中出现这样的代词就意味着在其

上下 问中需要把这层指代关系交代清楚，

因此我们可以通过语境中内容

（或代词）

2

和选项中代词（或内容）的呼应关系来解题。

例

1

：

It

doesn’t

matter

which

productivity

bird

represents

your

work

style.

(70)_______

It

depends

on

your

environment

and

energy

levels.

Do

you

have

the

drive to get up early or stay up late? While others are dreaming, make your dreams

real.

B. Many believe being night owls is better.

E. They both can work.

答案：

E

解析：本题根据前文所说，空格

70

的上句已提出

It doesn’t matter

they

指

代前面 的不管哪一种高效的鸟指代你的工作风格，他们都是有用的，这里

they

指代不管哪种方式。

例

2

：

You have the same amount of time each day as everyone else. If you want to

reach

your

goals

and

dreams

you

have

to

be

willing

to

pay

the

price.

(67)______Sometimes

it

is

your

time.

Sometimes

it

is

money.

And

sometimes

it

is

sleep. One of the best times to get ahead and be”in the zone”is when everyone else is

sleeping. Get up early. Or stay up late. Those are your choices.

C. Not watching mindless TV or endlessly surfing the Net.

D. That sacrifice often involves giving up something.

答案：

D

解析：本题是需考虑前句的

pay the price

可以得知后面的

that

就是指代前面需要< /p>

付出的代价而且后面指示三种不同情况的三个分句，

有时是时间，

有时是金钱还

有时是价格，说明这种代价因人而异。

3.

利用逻辑词解题

逻辑词的运用在说明文和议论文中是十分常见，

无论是在完形填 空还是六选四中

3

都可以加以利用。

利用前一句话或后一句话中的逻辑词来判断所需要填入的句 子

内容与前后句内容的关系，

从而在选项中找到符合此关系的内 容，

使得文章逻辑

合理，内容流畅。

表并列：

and; also; first, second, third; firstly, secondly, thirdly; first, next, then; in the

first

place,

in

the

second

place;

for

one

thing,

for

another

thing;

to

begin

with,

to

conclude; either…or…; neither…nor…; not only…but also

表递进：

further, furthermore; moreover; what

’ s more; in addition

表因果：

so; therefore; thus; hence; accordingly; consequently; as a result

表转折与让步：

however;

nevertheless;

though;

yet;

in

spite

of;

despite;

on

the

contrary; otherwise; while; rather than; even if/though; fortunately

例

1

：

Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his

fellow- worker

and

accomplice

.

___2___

But

if

you

open

your

mind

as

widely

as

possible,

then

signs

and hints of almost imperceptible

（细微的）

fineness, from the twist and turn of the

first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other.

C. How can we get the deepest and widest pleasure from what we read?

F. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from

getting the fullest possible value from what you read.

答案：

F

解析：因为

but

，所以所填的句子内容需要 与后文不同或相反。

But

之后是指出

拓展思维后，

读书能带来的好处。

与之相反的就是

F

选项中的

hang back

，

reserve

和

critic ize

。

例

2

：

A generation ago in the US, if you heard a friend talking about having a gig,

chances were that your friend was

a musician

. ___67___

Self- employment, contract

or freelance work, temporary jobs

- just about anything that isn't

full- time

- can be

described as a gig.

4

B. These temporary workers cannot be categorized into gig workers.

C. But the phrase has now evolved to describe different methods of short-term work.

D. Most of the gig workers treasure the golden opportunity and regard it as a lifetime

job.

答案：

C

解析：几个有迷惑性的选项 是都出现了

gig

这个关键词。但前一句内容表明

gig

以前是用来形容音乐家的，

后一句内容指出现 在指各类非全职的工作。

两句话的

内容是完全不同的，所以中间 需要表转折的句子来承上启下，从而发现

C

中的

but

。同时

evolve

也 符合前后句中表示转变过程的内容。

gig:

（

1

）现场演出；

（

2

）临时工作

4.

利用细节句与主题句的区别解题

这一技巧需要与空所在位置结合起来分析。

主题句通常在段首，

总结句通常在段

尾，

相当于再次点题。

这两个位置多是需要概括性强的语句

——

主题句。

而在段

中通常是补充说明内容和议论过程，