food and cancer(英文版)

Food and cancer

Fighting Cancer by the Plateful

No single food can reduce your risk of cancer, but the right combination of foods may help make

a difference. At mealtimes, strike a balance of at least 2/3 plant

-

based foods and no more than

1/3 animal protein. This

the American Institute for Cancer Research. Check out better and worse choices for your plat

Fighting Cancer with Color

Fruits

and

vegetables

are

rich

in

cancer

-

fighting

nutrients

-

and

the

more

color,

the

more

nutrients they contain. These foods can help lower your risk in a second way, too, when they help

you

reach

and

maintain

a

healthy

body

weight.

Carrying

extra

pounds

increases

the

risk

for

multiple cancers, including colon, esophagus, and kidney cancers. Aim for at least five servings a

day, prepared in a healthy way.

The Cancer

-

Fighting Breakfast

Folate is an important B vitamin that may help protect against cancers of the colon, rectum, and

breast.

You

can

find

it

in

abundance

on

the

breakfast

table.

Fortified

breakfast

cereals

and

whole wheat products are good sources of folate. So are orange juice, melons, and strawberries.

More Folate

-

Rich Foods

Other good sources of folate are asparagus and eggs. You can also find it in chicken liver, beans,

sunflower seeds, and leafy green vegetables like spinach or romaine lettuce. According to the ACS,

the best way to get folate is not from a pill, but by eating enough fruits, vegetables, and enriched

grain products.

Pass Up the Deli Counter

An occasional Reuben sandwich or hot dog at the ballpark probably isn't going to hurt you. But

cutting back on processed meats like bologna, ham, and hot dogs may help lower your risk of

colorectal and stomach cancers. Also, eating meats that have been preserved by smoking or with

salt raises your exposure to agents that can potentially cause cancer.

Cancer

-

Fighting Tomatoes

Whether it's the lycopene

--

the pigment that gives tomatoes their red color

--

or something else

isn't

clear.

But

some

studies

have

linked

eating

tomatoes

to

reduced

risk

of

several

types

of

cancer, including prostate cancer. Studies also suggest that processed tomato products such as

juice, sauce, or paste increase the cancer

-

fighting potential.

Tea's Anticancer Potential

Even though the evidence is still spotty, tea, especially green tea, may be a strong cancer fighter.

In

laboratory

studies,

green

tea

has

slowed

or

prevented

the

development

of

cancer

in

colon,

liver, breast, and prostate cells. It also had a similar effect in lung tissue and skin. And in some

longer

term

studies,

tea

was

associated

with

lower

risks

for

bladder,

stomach,

and

pancreatic

cancers.

Grapes and Cancer

Grapes

and

grape

juice,

especially

purple

and

red

grapes,

contain

resveratrol.

Resveratrol

has

strong antioxidant and anti

-

inflammatory properties. In laboratory studies, it has prevented the

kind of damage that can trigger the cancer process in cells. There is not enough evidence to say

that eating grapes or drinking grape juice or wine can prevent or treat cancer

Limit Alcohol to Lower Cancer Risk

Cancers

of

the

mouth,

throat,

larynx,

esophagus,

liver,

and

breast

are

all

linked

with

drinking

alcohol. Alcohol may also raise the risk for cancer of the colon and rectum. The American Cancer

Society says that even the suggested daily limit of 2 drinks for men and 1 for women elevates the

risk. Women at higher risk for breast cancer may want to talk with a doctor about what amount

of alcohol, if any, is safe based on their personal risk factors.

Water and Other Fluids Can Protect

Water not only quenches your thirst, but it may protect you against bladder cancer. The lower

risk comes from water diluting concentrations of potential cancer

-

causing agents in the bladder.

Also, drinking more fluids causes you to urinate more frequently. That lessens the amount of time

those agents stay in contact with the bladder lining.