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语法专项提升
专题一
Ⅰ
.
单句语
法填空
1
．
My
interest
came
from
my
father
who
was
a
photographer;
he
had
a
lot
of
equipment
(equip) lying
around in the darkroom.
解析
<
/p>
句意：
我的兴趣源于我的摄影师父亲，
他
在暗房里摆放了很多仪器。
equip
的名词
< br>是不可数的。
2
．
The doctor told
Mary that too much
exposure
(expose) to the sun
is bad for the skin.
解析
句意：医生告诉玛丽在阳光下暴露太久对皮肤不好。
too
much
修饰不可数名词。
3
．
Not having been
given a written
permission
(permit), he had
to write another letter to the
president of the university.
解析
句意
：
因为没有得到书面许可，
他不得不给这所大学的校长再写一封
信。
written(
adj
.
书面的；文字的
)
作定语修饰名词。
4
．
If
transport costs had been taken into
consideration
(consider) at
the beginning, the factory
would have
been built far from its present place.
解析
句意：如果一开始就考虑运输成
本，这座工厂就会建在离目前厂址很远的地方。
take...into consid
eration
考虑到
……
。
5
．
As
Susan
stared
at
the
piles
of
plastic
in
her
recycling
bin,
a
strong
sense
of
responsibility
(responsible)
made her stick to her recycling work.
解析
句意：
当苏珊盯着回收箱里成堆的塑料时，
强烈的责任感让她坚持她的回收工作。
此处介词
of
后用名词，
a
sense of
responsibility
责任感，责任心。
6
．
With
the
help
of
some
witnesses,
three
criminals
were
caught
and
asked
to
aid
in
the
investigat
ion
(investigate)
．
解析
句意：在一些目击者的帮助下，
三名罪犯被抓捕并被要求协助调查。由
aid in sth
及
设空前的
the
可知，此处用名词。
7
．
It is not only
an embarrassment for sufferers but a test of
endurance
(endure) for family
and friends.
解析
句意：
这不仅对受害者来说很尴尬，
对于家人和朋友来说也是一种忍耐力的考验。
此处介词
of
后用名词。
8
．
In view of all
sorts of rumors and guesses, experts carried out
some careful and scientific
research
and discounted the
possibility
(possible) of a
second earthquake in this area.
解析
句意：针对各种谣言和猜测，专
家进行了一些谨慎且科学的研究，排除了这一地
区再一次发生地震的可能性。由空前的<
/p>
the
和空后的
of
可知，此处用名词。
9
．
Each
of
us
is
likely
to
develop
a
personal
preference
(prefer)
for
certain
types
of
entertainment.
解析
句意：我们每个人都可能会形成
自己对于某种娱乐的偏爱。
personal
作定语修饰
名词。
10
．
He also
learned to overcome
difficulties
(difficulty) by
practicing instead of only listening
to
others.
解析
句意：他还通
过实践学会克服困难，而不是只听从别人。
difficulty
既可作可数名
词，表示具体的困难；也可作不可数名词，表示抽象的概念
“
困难，难度
”
，如在
have
difficulty/trouble (in)
doing sth
结构中，
difficulty
就为不可数名词。
11
．
A
report
by
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Social
Sciences
said
unemployment
(employ)
among new graduates grew to over 12
percent last year because of the global economic
crisis.
解析
句意：中国社
会科学院的一份报告显示，由于全球经济危机，去年应届毕业生失
业率增长到
12%
以上。分析句子结构可知，空处应是名词作宾语从句的主语。根据句
意，
应用
unemployment
。
12
．
Considering
the severe fact of global warming, the top
priority of all nations is to reduce
CO
2
emissions
(emit) and increase
the use of renewable energy.
解析
句意：
考虑到全球变暖的严峻事实，
所有国家的首要任务是减少二氧化碳的排放，
增加可再生能源的使用。空处是名词作动词
reduce
的宾语。
13
．
He had not
left any material
possessions
(possess) behind.
But he had been a kind and
loving
father, and left behind his best love.
解析
句意：
他没有留下任何物质财富，
但他是一位慈爱的父亲，
他留下了他
最好的爱。
leave...behind
留下；将
……
留在身后，为固定搭配，此处
leave
是及物动词，其后可用名词
作宾语；表示
“
所有物
”
时，
possession
常用复数形式。
14
．
Bob
was
fired
the
other
day
simply
because
he
failed
to
live
up
to
the
boss's
expectations
(expect)
．
解析
句
意：几天前鲍勃被解雇了，仅仅因为他辜负了老板的期望。
come
/live
up
to/
meet/answer sb's
expectations
不负某人所望，为固定搭配。
【拓展】
beyond (sb's) expectatio
n(s)
出乎
(
某人
< br>)
意料。
15
．
Tom's
impoliteness
(polite) was
beyond endurance and he was asked to leave the
room by
his grandma.
解析
句意：汤姆的无礼令人无法忍受
，因而他的祖母要求他离开房间。根据名词所有
格
Tom's<
/p>
可知，空处要填名词；从句意看，应用
politeness
的反义词。
16
．
It took us
quite a long time to get
there
—
it was a three
hours'
(hour) journey.
解析
句意：我们花了很长时间到达那
里
——
那是一次三个小时的旅程。根据句意此处
用名词所有格作定语。
17
．
The little
girl asked her mother to buy her a nice pair of
shoes, so her mother went to
some
shoe
(shoe) stores.
解析
句意：
小女孩儿要她的母亲给她买一双漂亮的鞋，
所以她的母亲去逛了一些鞋店。
名词作定语，一般用单数形式。
【拓展】
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外：
(1)
用复数作定语。
man, woman
用
于名词前作定语时，其单复数形式与所修饰的名词的单复数形式一致。如：
a
woman
writer/some women writ
ers(
女作家
)
。
< br>(2)
有些名词只有复数形式，没有单数形式，或者用于某
一意义时，
习惯上要用复数形式，
此时它们用作定语显然只能
用复数。
如：
goods train(
货车
)
，
customs
officer(
海
关
人
员
)
，
cl
othes
line(
晾
衣
绳
)
，
sports
meeting(
运
动
会
)
，
students <
/p>
reading
–
room(
学生阅览室
)
，
talk
s table (
谈判桌
)
等。
18
．
There are
certain
techniques
(technique) you
can learn and then it is up to you to practice.
解析
句意：
有些特定的技巧供你学习，
然后练习取决于你自己。
techn
ique
在此意为
“
技
巧
”
，为可数名词；根据
th
ere are
可知，应用复数形式。
technique
意为
“
技术；技能
”
时，
为不可数名词。
19
．
For Americans,
distance in a social conversation is about an
arm's
length
(long) to front
feet.
解析
< br>句意：对于美国人来说，社交谈话的距离大约是距前脚一臂之远。
an
arm's length
一手臂长的距离。
20
．
I have to
interrupt your meeting because the news is of
great
importance
(important)<
/p>
．
解析
句意：我不得不打断你们的会议，因为这个消息太重要了。
be
of
＋名词＝
be
＋名
词的同根形容词。
21
．
The Dean
listened to their sad story and got lost in deep <
/p>
thought
(think)
．
解析
句意：系主任听着他们悲伤的故事，陷入了沉思。
get
lost in (doing) sth
沉迷于
/
陷
于
(
做
)
某事，为固定搭配。
thought
意为
“
思维过程，思考
”
时，为不可数名词。
22
．
Worried about
the
preparations
(prepare)
for her feast, Lala quickly turned for home with
her collection of nuts, melons, and
other fruit.
解析
句
意：由于担心宴会的准备工作，莱拉带着采集的坚果、甜瓜和其他水果，很快
回到家中。
根据定冠词
the
及空后的
for
her feast
可知，空处要用名词。
preparati
on
表示
“
准
备工作
”
时常用复数形式。
23
．
I was born in
Shanxi Province and I'm in good
health<
/p>
(healthy)
．
解析
句意：我出生在山西，身体健康。
be in good he
alth
身体健康，其中
health
为不可
数名词。
24
．
Besides, we'd
better have
meals
(meal)
regularly.
解析
句意：除此之外，我们最好有规律地吃饭。
have
meals
吃饭，为固定搭配。
25.
Organizations
(organize)
around the world recognize our diplomas.
解析
句意：世界各地的机构都承认我
们的毕业文凭。名词作主语，且根据谓语动词
recognize
可知，空处应用复数形式。
26
．
I stopped and
found that they were
tourists
(tour) from Canada
who carelessly left a very
important
wallet in the taxi.
解析
句意：我停下来，发现他们是来自加拿大的游客，他们粗心地将一个非常重要的
钱包落在了出租车里。由
they
were
可判断空处用复数形式。
27
．
The
London
Eye,
which
is
450
feet
in
height
(high)
above
the
Thames
River,
is
the
world's biggest spinning structure.
解析
句意：
伦敦眼高
450
英尺，
耸立于泰晤士河
上，
是世界上最大的旋转建筑。
in
height
高度，为固定搭配。
28
．
The park was
full of freshness and
beauty
(beautiful) of spring,
with the sun shining and
birds singing.
解析
句意：阳光照耀，鸟儿歌唱，公
园里充满了春天的清新和美丽。根据
and
前的
freshness
可知，空处用名词，表示抽象意义。
29
．
Maybe these
following
advice
(advise) can
help you.
解析
句意：也
许下面这些建议能帮到你。
advice
为不可数名词。
30
．
They
are
trying
to
make
people
understand
that
donating
blood
is
one
of
the
most
significant
forms
(form) of charity.
解析
句意：他们正努力使人们明白献
血是慈善最重要的形式之一。
“
one of the
＋形容
词最高级＋可数名词复数
”
为固定结构，意为
“
最
……
之一
”
。
Ⅱ
.
单句改错
1
．
“
If
your
dog
destroys
the
furnitures
when
you
are
away,
it
could
be
a
pessimist.
”
furniture
researchers
concluded.
解析
句意：
研究人员总结道：
“
如果你的爱犬趁你不在时破坏家具，那它可
能是一条
悲观的狗。
”
furnitu
re
为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
2
．
Put yourself in
situations where you're forced to communicate in
English, and you'll see
more
progresses
over
time.
progress
解析
句意：将自己置身于被迫用英语交流的情景中，随着时间的推移，你会看到更大
的进步。
progress
为不可数名词，没有
复数形式。
3
．
You mustn't use
cell phone here in our hospital because of the
disturbance to the electronic
equipments
！
It's forbidden.
equipment
解析
句意：
在我们医院你不准使用手机，
因为它干扰电
子设备！
这是禁止的。
equipment
为不可数名词，没有复数形式。