写作指导：英语写作手册考试题目

英语写作手册考试题目

英语写作手册考试题目

一、

填空。

1. The words that are often used may be divided,

from a stylistic point of view, into three 2. 3. A

grammatically complete sentence is one that contains

at

least

and

a

4.

According

to

their

use,

sentences

are

5.

A

loose

sentence

puts

the

main

idea

before

all

supplementary information; in other

words, it puts first things first, and lets the

readers

know

what

it

is

mainly

about

when

they

have

read

the first few words. The reverse arrangement makes a

periodic

sentence:

the

main

idea

is

expressed

at

or

near

the end of it, and it is not grammatically complete

until the end is reached. (

松散句，圆周句

P39)

6.

7.

Inductive

reasoning:

when

you

use

induction,

you start with facts and proceed from

facts

to

a

general

conclusion.

In

other

words,

you

move from specific examples to a general statement.

Deductive

reasoning:

The

process

is

just

the

opposite

of

inductive

reasoning

—

it

moves

from

a

general statement to s specific conclusion. It works

on the model of syllogism

—

a three-part argument in

which

there

are

two

statements, known as the

major

premise and the minor premise, and a conclusion.

8.

The

process

of

writing

a

research

paper

is

generally divided into five steps or stages:

? Choosing a topic;

? Collecting information;

?

Analyzing

the

information,

organizing

ideas,

and

working out and outline;

? Writing the first draft;

? Revising the draft and finalizing the paper.

二．修辞辨别。

Name the figures of speech used in each of the

following sentences:( p21-22)

1. Her rich relative rained birthday presents on

her only son. (

隐喻：

metaphor)

2. Wrong ideas many harm man just like diseases.

(

明喻：

simile)

3.

Some

words

may

be

defaced

by

careless

usage.

(

拟

< br>人：

personification)

4. The leaves are trembling in the cold wind. (

拟

人：

personification)

5.

The

storm

was

so

angry

that

it

wanted

to

destroy

everything in its way. (personification)

6. Many people bowed before Force, but eventually

Force would surrender to Reason.

(Personification)

7. Selfless people are like cows, which eat straw

but produce milk. (simile)

8. “what do you think of the roast duck?” “Not

bad.” (Understatement)

9.

His

friends

praised

his

daughter

’

s

performances

to the skies. (Overstatement)

10. His writing is clear and clean. (Alliteration

头韵

)

11.

His

unfriendly

tongue

surprised

her.

(metonymy

换喻

)

12.

There

is

fertile

soil

for

popular

music

in

China

today. (Metaphor)

三．名词解释。

1. Narration

（陈述）

: To narrate is to give an

account of an event or a series of events. In its

broadest

sense,

narrative

writing

includes

stories,

real

or

imaginary,

biographies,

histories,

news

items,

and narrative poems.

2.

Exposition(

说

明

文

):

An

expository

paper

explains or explores something, such as the

process

of

making

a

machine,

the

causes

of

a

natural

or

social

phenomenon,

the

planning

of

a

project,

or

the

solution of a problem.

3. Comparison and contrast: A comparison explains

how things are similar, and a contrast,

how they are different.

4. Division and classification: Division is used

to deal with one thing. Its purpose is to

separate

that

thing

into

parts.

Classification,

on

the other hand, is used to organize things which share

certain

qualities.

Its

purpose

is

to

group

these

things

systematically.

四．

简答：

1. Three main parts of a book report.

Generally speaking, a book report consists of the

following three main parts:

? Information about the author and his times;

? A summary of the book;

? Comments on it.