-
美国文学复习
一、
名词解释
Terms
1
、
Gothic Novel
2
、
Irony:
3
、
Defamiliarization
is the
artistic technique of
forcing the
audience to see
common
things
in
an
unfamiliar
or
strange
way,
in
order
to
enhance
the
perception of the
familiar.
4
、
Two types of
characters
:
1)
Round
character
(dynamic
~):
complex
multidimensional
characters
with the capacity to grow and change.
2) Flat character (Static ~): those who
embody or represent a
single
characteristic or trait.
5
、
Iceberg
Theory:
The
Iceberg
Theory
is
the
writing
style
of
American
writer Ernest
Hemingway.
6
、
Anticlimax:
It is
defined as “a sudden drop from the dignified or
important
in
thought
or
expression
to
the
commonplace
or
trivial,
sometimes
for
humorous
effect”;
“a
sudden
often
funny
change
from
something
noble,
serious, exciting, etc., to something
foolish, unimportant, or uninteresting esp.
in a speech or piece of formal
writing”. It is a figure of speech that involves
stating one's thought in
a
descending order of significance or intensity,
from
the sublime to
the
ridiculous,
from
strong to
weak, from
weighty to
light or
frivolous.
7
、
Local color (
乡土作家
)
:
二、
Authors and Works
1
.
Edgar Ellan Poe
Tales
《故事集》
Poems
《诗集》
Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque
《述异集》
The Raven
and Other Poems
《乌鸦及其他诗篇》
The Cask of Amontillado
《阿芒提拉多的酒桶》
The
Full of the House of Usher
《厄舍大厦的倒塌》
The Masque of the Red Death
《红色死亡假面舞会》
Ligeia
《莉盖亚》
The Black Cat
《黑猫》
The Gold Bug
《金甲虫》
The Purloined
Letter
《被窃的信件》
2
.
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Twice-
told Tales
《故事重述》
Mosses form an
Old Manse
《古宅青苔》
The Scarlet Letter
《红字》
The
Marble Faun
《玉石雕像》
(小说)
The House of the Seven Gables
《带有七个尖角阁的房子》
The
Blithedale Romance
《福谷传奇》
3
.
Herman Melville
赫尔曼·梅尔维尔
Typee
《泰比》
Omoo
《欧穆》
Mardi
《玛地》
Redburn
《雷得本》
White
Jacket
《白外衣》
Moby Dick
《白鲸》
The Confidence Man
《骗子的化装表演》
4
.
Mark Twain
The Celebrated
Jumping Frog of Calaveras County
《卡拉维拉县驰名的跳
蛙》
The Innocents Abroad
《傻瓜出国记》
The
Gilded Age
《镀金时代》
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Life on the Mississippi
《密西西比河上》
A
Connecticut Yankee in King
Arthur
’
s Court
《亚瑟王朝廷上的康涅狄格州
美国佬》
The Tragedy of
Pudd
’
nhead Wilson
《傻瓜威尔逊》
The Man
That Corrupted Hadleyburg
《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》
5
.
F.
Scott Fitzgerald
弗·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德
This Side of Paradise
《人间天堂》
The
Beautiful and the Damned
《漂亮的冤家》
Flappers
and Philosophers
《姑娘们和哲学家们》
Tales of the Jazz Age
《爵士乐时代的故事》
The
Great Gatsby
《了不起的盖茨比》
Tender is the Night
《夜色温柔》
The
Crack-Up
《崩溃》
6
.
William Faulkner
威廉·福克纳
The Marble
Faun
《大理石牧神》
(诗集)
Soldier
’
s Pay
《士兵的报酬》
Mosquitoes
《蚊群》
The Sound and the Fury
《喧嚣与骚动》
As I Lay Dying
《我弥留之际》
Light in
August
《八月之光》
Absalom Absalom
《押沙龙,押沙龙!
》
7
.
Ernest Hemingway
In Our Time
《在我们的时代里》
(短篇小说集)
The Sun Also Rises
《太阳照样升起》
A
Farewell to Arms
《永别了,武器》
For Whom the Bell Tolls
《丧钟为谁而鸣》
The Old
Man and the Sea
《老人与海》
8
.
Eugene Glastone
O
’
Neill
尤金·格拉斯通·奥尼尔
Bound
East for Cardiff
《东航加的夫》
In the Zone
《在这一带》
The Long
V
oyage Home
《漫长的返航》
The Moon of the Caribees
《加勒比的月亮》
Emperor
Jones
《琼斯皇帝》
The Hairy Ape
《毛猿》
The Great
God Brown
《大神布朗》
Strange Interlude
《奇异的插曲》
Desire
Under the Elms
《榆树下的欲望》
Mourning Becomes Electra
《悲悼》
The Iceman
Cometh
《送冰的人来了》
A
Touch of the Poet
《诗人的气质》
Long Day
’
s
Journey into Night
《长日终入夜》
The Moon for the Misbegotten
《月照不幸人》
Hughie
《休依》
More Stately Mansions
《更庄严的大厦》
9
.
Ralph Waldo Ellison
拉尔夫·华尔多·埃利森
Invisible Man
《看不见的人》
(小说)
Shadow and Art
《影子与行动》
(散文及评论)
Going to the Territory
《走向领域》
10
.
Joseph Heller
约瑟夫·海勒
Catch-22
《第二十二条军规》
(小说)
We Bombed in New Haven
《我们轰炸了纽黑文》
(剧本)
Something Happened
《出了毛病》
(小说)
Good as Gold
《像高尔德那样好》
God
Knows
《天晓得》
11
.
Toni Morrison
托尼·莫里森
Playing in
the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination
《在黑暗中游
戏:白色与文学想象》
The Bluest Eye
《最蓝的眼睛》
Sula
《秀拉》
Song of Solomon
《所罗门之歌》
Tar Baby
《柏油孩子》
Beloved
《宠儿》
Jazz
《爵士乐》
Paradise
《天堂》
Love
《爱》
A Mercy
《恩惠》
三、
Questions
1.
Q
:
Edgar
Ellan
Poe
The
Cask
of
Amontillado
中为什么选择狂欢节做背
景?
A
:
1
)
The carnival represents the light while the cellar represents the horror of
death.
The
author
compares
the
exciting,
noisy,
festive
atmosphere
in
the
carnival
with
the
dark,
lonely,
cold
and
pressing
underworld
in
the
cellar,
creates
a
thrilling
and horrible
feeling and gives readers a psychological hint.
2
)
The
carnival
atmosphere
dilutes
Fortunato
’
s
vigilance
which
can
help
Montresors
carry
out
his
plan.