2021年1月高三上期末丰台英语试题及答案

38

分）

第一节

阅读理解 （共

14

小题；每小题

2

分，共

28

分）阅读下列短文，从每

高三英语第

2

页（共

12

页）

学习是一件很有意思的事

题所给的< /p>

A

、

B

、

C

、

D

四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂

黑。

A

Don’t

you think robots are a part of your life? In factories, robots put together

everything from toys to

cars. Some homes have robots that sweep floors or mow

the lawn(

剪草坪

). And more robots are soon to come.

Like a Human

Robots don’t expect any thanks for all the work they do for us.

Aft

er all, they don’t have feelings. But that may be changing with

Nexi, a robot created by scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of

Technology. Nexi

can

move its

face to

show anger, happiness,

or

sadness. It can also raise its eyebrows to show surprise.

24

How would you like a robot to help clean up your toys, or one

that plays hide-and-seek with you? Nao can be programmed to do both

those activities, and more. A two- foot-tall robot, Nao was designed by

a company in France to be a helper and companion. It can talk, walk

and

even

remember

faces,

voices,

and

places.

Also,

it

can

be

programmed to assist with daily tasks, such as checking e-mails.

Robots at Work

Need a lift out of bed? RIBA, short for “Robot for Interactive

Body

Assistance”

,

will

lend

its

helpful

arms!

Some

patients

at

hospitals and nursing homes have a hard time getting in and out of

bed. RIBA can gently lift a patient out of bed and help him or her

into

a

wheelchair.

The

robot

can

safely

pick

up

and

carry

people

weighing 135 pounds.

Water Bots

Robots

that

work

in

water

—

and

look

like

familiar

sea

creatures

—

are

making

news

lately.

One

of

them

is

a

robotic

fish.

Researchers built the robo-fish to swim in water to detect pollution.

There’s

even

a

robotic

penguin

called

the

AP,

which

uses

flippers(

鱼鳍

) to paddle and can move in all directions.

Experts

predict that by 2025 we could

have robots in

every household! You

might be living or working with one of them every day!

21. By moving its face, Nexi might show its _________.

高三英语第

3

页（共

12

页）< /p>

A. feelings

B. power

C. interest

D. opinions

22. If a patient needs assistance out of bed, which may be a good helper?

A. Nexi.

B. AP.

C. Nao.

D. RIBA.

23. According to the passage, a robotic fish might be used for _________.

A. discovering fish

B. picking up rubbish

C. studying sea creatures

D. finding out pollution

24. Which subtitle can be filled in the blank?

A. Household Helpers

B. Programme Designers

C. Hotel Cleaners

D. Game Players

B

The Party of Their Lives

In Los Angeles’s infamous Skid Row,

there are hundreds of children living on

the

streets

or

in

shelters.

It’s

a

place

where

dreams

go

to

die

.

But

one

couple

is

determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of hope.

In 2013, Mary Davis and her husband lost their first unborn kid. Refusing to

let

the

heartbreak

break

them,

they

became

volunteers

in

a

Skid

Row

homeless

shelter.

They

found

that

many

of

the

kids

there

had

never

had

a

single

birthday

party

before,

so

they

decided

to

throw

a

birthday

party

for

those

homeless

kids.

They took over a room in the Union Rescue Mission and filled it with streamers,

gifts and a cake. The kids were so excited that they made their own music

—

singing

and clapping and, of course, laughing.

Since

then,

the

couple

have

thrown

a

party

each

and

every

month.

They

routinely attract 250 kids and their parents. An hour before each party, volunteers

arrive to set up the decorations and activities: face painting, balloon artists, a DJ,

cake,

and pizza. There are small

presents

for the kids

celebrating their birthdays,

but the Davis make sure there are more than enough to go around.

“I remember a mom came with her kid,”

Mary

says. “It was their first night at

the

shelter,

and

her

child

had

a

birthday.

We

had

an

extra

gift

for

her

—

pink

headphones.

The little girl

was

so

excited. And

he

r mom... she’s

crying. ‘I never

imagined we would ever need to be in a shelter. I didn’t know what to expect. But I

really didn’t expect a birthday party for my child.’

she cried with happiness

.”

Doing

her

best

to

normalize

these

kids’

lives

is

both

heart

warming

and

bittersweet,

Mary

says.

“

If

you

look

outside,

you

see

homeless

person

after

homeless person on the street, and it reminds you that these kids don’t get to leave

this area after the party.”

It

may

be

why,

after

throwing

88

parties,

she

still

cries

after

each

one.

She

高三英语第

4

页（共

12

页）

学习是一件很有意思的事

credits the kids in the shelter with helping her hold on to hope. “We didn’t realize

how much joy they were going to bring us,” she told CBS News. “And

it was so

healing for both kids and us.

”

25. In Skid Row, hundreds of kids ________.

A. were homeless

B. lost their parents

C. dropped out of school

D. were crazy about parties

26. How did the couple help the kids?

A. They raised much money.

B. They rented many houses.

C. They hosted birthday parties.

D. They made birthday presents.

27. According to the passage, which can best describe Mary?

A. Honest and generous.

B. Caring and generous.

C. Outgoing and caring.

D. Outgoing and honest.

28. What does the story intend to tell us?

A. Well begun, half done.

B. East or west, home is best.

C. What goes around comes around.

D. Where there is love, there is hope.

C

Wildfires have recently

ruined regions across the world, and their severity is

increasing.

Hoping

to

reduce

harm,

researchers

led

by

Yapei

Wang,

a

chemist

at

Renmin

University

of

China,

say

they

have

developed

an

inexpensive

device

to

detect such fires earlier and with less effort.

Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can delay

an

effective

response. Most wildfires

are

reported by the

general

public,

and other

warnings come from routine foot patrols(

巡逻队

) and watchtower observers. Passing

planes and satellites also occasionally spot something, but “the fire first appears on

the ground,” Wang says. “When you see the fire from the sky, it is too late.”

The team says its new device

can be placed near tree trunks’ bases and send a

wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is an unusual temperature increase. The

key is molten salts(

熔盐

) liquids: a sudden temperature change causes electrons(

电子

)

to travel within the liquids, creating electrical energy that causes electrodes to send

the signal. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor

.

Jessica McCarty, a geographer at Miami University, who was not involved in

the study, says places where wildland and city meet could potentially benefit from

such a device. S

he says, “

When a fire breaks out, the homeowner will know before

the fire agency may have detected it.”

But

improving

integration

among

the

different

agencies

involved

in

firefighting is even more vital to address, says Graham Kent, a seismologist at the < /p>

高三英语第

5

页（共

12

页）

University of Nevada, who was also not part of the study. “The whole way that you

respond

to

a

fire

until

it’s

put

out

is

like

a

ballet,”

he

says.

“You’d

have

to

choreograph(

编舞

)

it just so,” with resources

distributed at precisely the right time

and place from detection to confirmation to dispatch(

派遣

)

to extinguishing. “Fire

detection is just step one; if you blow steps two through 98, all that technology...

just doesn’t matter.”

Wang says his team’s next steps are to extend the device’s signal range beyond

the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective

wall for it. The device

’s

effectiveness, McCarty notes, will also need to be tested in

the field.

29. What can we learn about the new device?

A. It can spot fire from the sky.

B. It can send timely warning of fire.

C. It uses molten salts to test the signal.

D. It receives signals from tree trunk

s’ bases.

30. According to Graham Kent, what is the key to firefighting?

A. The time for detection.

B. The provided new technology.

C. Precisely distributed resources.

D. Cooperation of different departments.

31. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Fighting Fire with Paper

B. Fire Is under Control

C. Fighting Fire in the Forest

D. Firefighting Is a Matter of Urgency

D

Humans

have

a

habit

of

delaying

their

own

progress.

From

coffee

to

refrigerator

to

genetically

changed

food,

history

is

filled

with

innovations

that

caused resistance before they become necessity in everyday life. Calestous Juma, a

professor

of

Harvard

University,

explores

this

phenomenon

in

his

latest

book,

Innovation and Its Enemies: Why People Resist New Technologies.

Among Juma’s claims is that people do not fear innovation simply because the

technology

is

new,

but

because

innovation

often

means

losing

a

piece

of

their

identity or lifestyle, and separating people from nature or their sense of purpose.

Juma identified in his research three key sources of opposition to innovation:

those

with

commercial

interests

in

existing

products,

those

who

identify

with

existing products, and those who might lose power as a result of change. The first

group

is

perhaps

the

most

obvious.

Many

industries

have

been

affected

by

innovation. Just take a look at the pointless efforts of music publishers to stop the

change to digital music. Some consumers might oppose an innovation because the

高三英 语第

6

页（共

12

页）