实用综合教程2Unit

.

Unit 8 Gender Difference

Objective

1. read a story about how men and women think differently;

2. Learn some pairs of words showing gender differences;

3. Get some idea of how men differ from women when shopping;

4. Get some tips about the predictive clause in English;

5. Learn how to respond to invitation cards or letters;

Focuses

1. Vocabulary in words and expressions of Text A and Text B.

2. Comprehension of Text A and Text B.

3. Grammar (The Relative Clause)

4. Practical Writings: How to write an invitation letter

Outline:

1. Background Information; study of words and expressions in Text A; Vocabulary Check (Band

C)

2. Discussion of Text A and the follow- up exercises (A and B)

3. Active Words and V

ocabulary Check; Grammar Tips

4. Discussion of Text B and the follow- up exercises

5. Comprehensive Exercises (Ask the students to do the translation exercises outside of the class

beforehand)

6. Practical Writing

Procedures:

Classroom Activities

I. Warm-up Discussion

Question:

In what ways do men and women differ?

Hint:

Men

differ

women

in

numerous

aspects,

for

instance(1)communication;

(2)thinking;

(3)shopping habit.

Gender Differences

thinking

communication

Men

Form an opinion on facts

Women

Form

an

opinion

based

on

personal emotion

Tend

to

be

direct,

straightforward,

Tend

to

be

indirect,

jumping

focusing

on

one

topic

for

a

long

quickly

from

one

topic

to

period of time

another

Go shopping when they need sth, and

Go

shopping

when

they

want

decide

on

it

immediately

with

little

to

and

in

most

cases

buy

bargaining

nothing

Shopping habit

II. Vocabulary in Text A

1. thought

n

.

念头，想法；思想

e.g. After much thought he decided not to buy the car.

考虑再三后，他决定不买那辆车。

think v.

想，思考；认为

thoughtful adj

深思的；思考的；体贴的；关切的

.

thoughtless adj.

考虑不周的；粗心大意的；不顾及他人的

2. occur vi.

被想起，被想到；发生；出现

e.g: (1)An idea occurred to me.

我有主意了。

(2)The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.

这种疾病多见于农村地区。

Occurrence

n.

发生；出现；发生的事情

e.g. The occurrence of this word is frequent.

这个词出现的频率很高。

y

adv.

准确地，确切地；恰恰，正好

e.g. That

’

s exactly what I expected.

那正是我所期望的。

exact adj.

正确的；准确的；精确地

e.g. He

’

s a very exact sholar.

他是一个一丝不苟的学者。

4. brother

vt.

烦扰，打扰

e.g. I

’

m sorry to bother you, but could you tell me the way to the station?

对不起打扰一下，请问去车站怎么走？

Phrase:bother one

’

s head about

为……焦虑或操心

5. relationship

n

（感情上或肉体上的）关系；关联，关系

Synonym: relation

n. (

人或事物与他者的

)

联系，关联，关系

6. obligation

n

法律或道义上的义务、责任

Phrase: under the obligation to do.

有义务做某事

e.g. Adult children are under the obligation to provide for their parents.

成年子女有义务赡养老人。

Oblige

vt.

约束，迫使，束缚

Obligatory

adj.

强制性的

e.g.(1) The police obliged him to leave.

警察强迫他离开。

(2) Atttendance at tonight

’

s meeting is obligatory.

今天晚上的会议不得缺席。

7. head

vi.

朝特定方向前进

e.g. He head straight for the restaurant.

他径直朝餐馆走去。

8. marriage

n.

婚姻关系，婚姻生活

e.g. Eventually he proposed marriage to his beloved.

最终他向他的心上人求婚。

Marry

vi&vt.

结婚

e.g. (1)She married last year.

她去年结婚了。

(2)I am going to marry John.

我要嫁给约翰了。

Married

adj.

结婚的；已婚的

Phrase: be (get) married to

与某人结婚

9. dealer

n.

经营者，商人，商贩

e.g. furniture dealer

家具店

deal

n.

买卖，交易

e.g. They finally closed the deal.

他们最终达成了交易。

10. meter

n.

仪表（此处指显示油量的表）

An electricity meter

电表

A water meter

水表

A gas meter

煤气表

11. oil

n.

机油

Crude oil

原油

Phrase: burn the midnight oil

挑灯夜战；开夜车

12. overdue

adj.

逾期的，过期的

e.g. The train is overdue.

火车晚点了。

Antonym: due adj.

到期的，应付的

e.g. The assignment is due next Monday.

作业应于下周一交。

vt

归罪于，归咎于；责备，责怪

n.

（事故、过失等的）责任；责备

e.g. (1)She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.

她将婚姻的失败归咎于他。

(2)Which driver was to blame for the accident?

这次事故是哪个司机的责任？

Phrase: lay the blame (for sth) on sb.

把某事归咎于某人

14. guilty

adj

内疚的；有罪的；有过失的

e.g. (1)He was found guilty of negligence.

他被判犯有玩忽职守罪。

(2)He suffered terribly from a guilty conscience.

他遭受到良心的巨大谴责。

Antonym: guiltless

adj

无辜的，无罪的

Guilt n.

内疚，负罪感；罪，犯罪

e.g. His face showed guilt.

他面露歉意。

15. train n.

（一）连串，

（一）系列；火车，列出

v.

培养；训练

e.g.(1) His telephone call interrupted my train of thought.

他的电话打断了我的思路。

(2) The top star was followed by a train of admires.

那位流行乐明星身后跟着一大群歌迷。

ty

n.

（有关商品质量的）保修单，保用单，保证书；承诺，担保

e.g. The machine is still under warranty.

这台机器仍在保修期内。

stic

adj

理想化的，天真的

ideal

n.

理想

adj.

理想的，完美的

e.g.(1)He finds it hard to live up to his ideals.

他认为很难达到自己的理想。

(2)This dictionary is ideal ---it

’

s exactly what I needed.

这本字典太完美了，正是我所需要的。

idealism

n.

理想主义（尤指不切实际的追求或信奉的理想）

idealist

n.

理想主义者；空想家；唯心论者

18. knight

n.

骑士

knighthood

n.

爵士或骑士的称号和身份

19. pain

n.

痛苦；疼痛

harse words caused her much pain.

他尖刻的言语刺痛了她。

Painful

adj.

使痛苦的；疼痛的

e.g. His wound was very painful.

他的伤痛得要命。

-centered

adj.

自我为中心的

e.g. self- centered attitude

以自我为中心的态度

y

n.

幻想，白日梦

e.g. Stop looking for a perfect job--- it

’

s just a fantasy.

不要再去找完美的工作——这完全是个幻想。

Fantastic

adj.

奇异的，幻想的；妙极的

e.g. We had a fantastic trip to Europe.

我们曾经有过一次美妙的欧洲之旅。

n.

傻瓜，笨蛋

vt.

愚弄，欺骗

Phrase: make a fool of oneself/sb

使自己

/

trying to fool me. I know you hid my lost key.

别想骗我了，我知道你把我丢失的钥匙藏了起来。

Foolish

adj.

愚蠢的，笨的

e.g. I made a foolish decision.

我做了一个愚蠢的决定。

vi.

专注地看，凝视

n.

凝视，端详

gazed at me in disbelief when I told her the news.

我告诉她这一消息时她以怀疑的目光注视着我。

n.

信任，信赖

vt.

信任，相信，信赖

e.g.(1)A happy marriage is based on mutual trust.

美满的婚姻建立在相互信任的基础上。

(2)I fully trust your ability.

我充分相信你的能力。

to

（突然）想到

occurred to me that there is still lots of work to do.

我突然想起还有很多事情要做。

26. push sb into ---

是某人处于某种状态

e.g. Long-time unemployment pushed him into absolute poverty.

长期失业使他陷入极度贫困。

27. head toward / for

朝……前进

e.g. We

’

re heading toward the goal we set.

我们正朝既定目标前进。

28. lost in thought

陷入沉思

e.g. She was lost in thought and didn

’

t notice me come in.

她在沉思中，未发现我进门。

29. think of

想到……

e.g. I did think of resigning, but I decided not to.

我确实想过辞职，

但后来放 弃了这一念头。

30. find out

（经研究或询问）获知（某事物）

e.g. Can you find out what time the train leaves?

你能查出火车什么时候开吗？

31. had better not do sth

最好不要做某事

e.g. You

’

d better not lie to me.

你最好不要对我撒谎。

32. blame ---on

—

将某事归咎于

e.g. He blamed the mistakes he made on his carelessness.

他将自己所犯的错误归咎于粗心。

33. train of thought

思路，思绪

e.g. He lost his train of thought when the doorbell rang.

门铃响起，打断了他的思路。

34. in pain

处于痛苦状态

e.g. He

’

s been in pain since he learned the shocking news.

自从听到这一噩耗，他一直异常悲痛。

35. gaze deeply into one

’

s eyes

凝视某人的眼睛

e.g. He enjoys gazing deeply into her eyes, speechless.

他喜欢一言不发凝视她的双眸。

36. form an opinion

形成观点

e.g. He forms his own opinion on the basis of facts.

他的观点以事实为依据。

37. have trouble doing sth.

做某事有困难

e.g. She has trouble dealing with strangers.

她不太擅长与陌生人打交道。

III. Language Points in Text A

1. that we

’

ve been seeing each other for exactly six months.

have been doing

: a present perfect progressive tense indicating that a past action continues into

the present and even the future.

e.g. What a day! It has been raining heavily for a whole week.

天气太糟糕了！雨下了整整一个礼拜了。

2. Elaine began to wonder if it bothered him that she said that:

Elaine wanted to know if what

she had said just now made him feel uncomfortable.

It borthered him that she had said that

:an object clause

wonder

: want to know

e.g. I was wondering whether or not/ if he

’

ll turn up in the meeting this afternoon.

我想知道今天下午的会议他是否出席。

it bothered him that she said that

: Here”

if

”

seves as a formal subject while the real subject is

“

that she said that

”

.

3. Maybe his feeling is that I

‘

m trying to push him into some kind of obligation:

Maybe he

feels that

I’

m urging him to marry me so that he will assume more marital responsibility.

that I

‘

m trying to push him into some kind of obligation:

a predicative clause

e.g.(1)What they strongly believes is that guys spend a certain amount of time thinking about the

relationship.

她们深信男人们应该花一点时间考虑一下男女之间的关系。

(2)The problem is that he refuses to admit his mistake.

问题是他拒绝承认自己的错误。

was a day in February when we started going out---

:

When

we

started

going

out:

This

is

an

attributive

clause

and

“

when

”

can

be

replaced

by

“

on

which.

”

e.g. The days when people suffered a great deal from malnutrition are gone, never to return.

人们遭受营养不良之苦的年代一去不复返了。

5. Silence filled the car:

Everybody in the car was silent.

e.g. (1) The car filled with silence.

车里一片寂静。

(2)His family is full of joy and happiness.

他的家庭洋溢着幸福和快乐。

’

ll

probably

say

it

’

s

only

a

90-day

warranty:

They

’

ll

probably

explain

that

the

transmission is under warranty for 90 days.

7.I

’

m

sitting

next

to

a

very

good

person

who

’

s

in

pain

because

of

my

self- centered,

school-girl

fantasy:

I

’

m

sitting

next

to

a

very

good

person

who

feels

bad

because

of

my

own

selfish and unrealistic ideas about romance.

“

because of

”

can only be followed by a noun or a noun phrase while

“

because

”

can be followed

by an adverbial clause indicating a reason.

e.g.(1) He walked slowly because of a severely injured leg.

因为腿部严重受伤，他走路速度很慢。

(2) He walked slowly because one of his legs was severely injured.

因为腿部严重受伤，他走路速度很慢。

gazed

deeply

into

his

eyes,

causing

him

to

become

very

nervous:

Elaine

looked

deeply into his eyes, which made him feel nervous.

causing

him

to

become

very

nervous:

a

participle

clause

indicating

the

accompanying

circumstance

has a guy brain, which is not comfortable with such concepts as love, need and trust:

As a man, Roger

’

s way of thinking is different from that of a woman. He feels awkward when

expressing such feeling as love, need and trust.

the

guy

brain

has

to

form

an

opinion

about

another

person,

it

perfers

to

base

it

on

facts:

e.g. (1)He based his opninion on facts.

他的观点以事实为依据。

(2)His opninion is based on facts.

他的观点以事实为依据。

IV

. Focus on Grammar