-
一般过去时的用法
概念
表示在的过去某个时间里所发生
的动作或存在的状态。
通常在句子里找到表示过去
时间的词或词
组。
如：
yesterday
，
yesterday
morning
，
yesterday
afternoon
，
yesterday
evening
，
the day before
yesterday
（前天），
last
night
，
last
week
，
last
month
，
last
year
，
a moment
ago
（刚才），
just
now
（刚才），
two days
ago
，
a week
ago
，
in
1990
等。
如：
I went to bed
at eleven last night.
昨晚我
11<
/p>
：
00
睡觉。
动词过去式的构成规律
(
一
)
规则动词的过去式
1
．一般情况下，在动词原形后面加
-
ed
；
look
→
looked
play
→
played
start
→
started
visit
→
visited
2
．以不发音
e
结尾
的动词，在词尾直接加
-d
；
live
→
lived
use
→
used
3
．以“辅音字母
+
y
”结尾的动词，先将
y
改为
i
,
再加
–
ed
；
study
→studied,
tr
y
→t
ried
fly
→
flied
4
．以重读闭音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或
r
音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母
的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，
再加
–
ed
。
stop→stopped
plan→planned
drop
→
dropped
(
二
)
不规则动词的过
去式
1
．改变动词中的元音；
begin→began
drink→drank
come→came
eat→ate
grow→grew
run→ran
know→knew
win→won
speak→spoke
take→took
wr
ite→wrote
get→got
< br>2
．变词尾的
–
d
为
–
t
；
build→built
lend→lent
send→sent
spend→spent
bend→bent
3
．与动词原形一样；
cut→cut
put→put
cost→cost
hurt→hurt
shut→shut
4
．变
-ay
为
-aid (
少数动词
)
；
say→said
pay→paid
lay→laid
1
/
8
5
．采用不同词根；
sell→sold
teach→taught
buy→bought
6
．其他。
am/is
→
was
are
→
were
have/has
→
had
do
→
did
加“
-ed
”后的读音方法
加在清辅音后面读
/t/
。
finished /-t/
help /-t/
asked /-t/
加在浊辅音或
元音结尾的，读
/d/
。
played /-d/
lived /-d/
enjoyed /-d/
加在
/t/
或
/d/
后面，读
/id/
< br>。
wanted /-tid/
needed /-did/
visited /-tid/
句式变化
（一）一般过去时的
一般疑问句
1
．把
was, were
放在句首，其余位置不变。由
Was
…？引导的一
般疑问句，肯定答
为：
Yes
，
…
was.
否定回答为：
No
，
…
.
wasn
’
t.
由
< br>Were
…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定
回答为：
Yes
，
…
were.
否定回答为：
No
，
…
weren
’
t.
如：
（
1
）
I
was at home.
→
Were you at home?
→
Yes, I was.
(
肯定回答
)
→
No, I
wasn
’
t.
(
否定回答
)
（
2
）
They were at Li
Yan
’
s home last night.
→
Were they at Li
Yan
’
s home last night?
→
Yes, they were.
(
肯定回答
)
→
No, they
weren
’
t.
(
否定回答
)
2
．在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词
did
来引导，其余
的语序不变。要注意的
是，
要把
行为动
词的过去式改为原形
。
肯定回答为：
Y
es,
…
did.
否定回答：
No,
…
didn
’
t.
如：
John
played
computer games last
night.
→
Did John
play
computer games last
night?
→
Yes, he did.
(
肯定回答
)
→
No, he
didn
’
t.
(
否定回答
)
（二）一般过去时的
否定句
1
．在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在
w
as, were
的后面加上
not
。
如：
（
1
）
He
was in the park the day before yesterday.
→
He was not in the park the
day before yesterday.
2
/
8
(2)We were busy last week.
→
We were not busy last week.
2
．在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前
面加助动词
didn
’
t.
然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：
didn
’
t +
动词原形
。
如：
（
1
）
She
played the violin last night.
→
She
didn
’
t play the violin last
night.
(2)They swam in the lake
yesterday.
→
They
didn
’
t swim in the lake
yesterday.
(
三
)
、一般过去式的
特殊疑问句
did
…
?
（主要
是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原
形。）
We ate Chinese food last night.
→
What did we eat last night?
did
?(
主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。
)
They sang and dance in the music room
yesterday morning.
→
Where
did they sing and dance yesterday morning?
+
动词过去式
…
?(
主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。
)
Mike and Tom climbed mountains last
weekend.
→
Who
climbed mountains last weekend?
二、句子结构
1
．在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式
was
，
were
构成。
如：（
1
）
I
was at home yesterday.
昨天我在家。
（
2
）
We
were in the gym just now.
刚才我们在体育馆。
2
．在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。
如：
I visited my uncle
yesterday.
昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。
3
．各种句式
（
1
）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：
主语
＋
动词过去式
＋
宾语或表语。
3
/
8
He
worked
in Shanghai
ten
years ago.
（
2
）一般过
去时的否定句：
a
．主语
＋
didn
’
t
＋
动词原形
＋
宾语。
(did + not = didn't)
He
didn't
do
morning
exercises
yesterday.
b
．主语
＋
wasn
’
t/weren
’
t
＋表语。
(was + not = wasn't
were + not = weren't)
He
wasn't
an
English
teacher
ten years ago.
（
3
）一般过去时的一般疑问句：
a
．
Did
＋
主语
＋
动词原形
＋
宾语
？
Did
you
study
English
in 1990 ?
b
．
Was/Were
+
主语
＋
表语
？
Was
he
a
pupil
five years ago ?
（
4
）一般过去时的特殊疑问句：
a
．特殊疑问词
＋
did
+
主语
＋
动词原形
＋
宾语？
Where
did
your parents
live
five years ago
？
What
did
you
do
last
Sunday
？
b
．特殊疑问词
＋
were/was
＋
表语？
Who
was
at the zoo
yesterday?
4
/
8