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词汇(一)
河南经贸职业学院
陈永烨
名词
一、名词的单复数:
大多数名词的复
数形式,是在名词后加上
-s
或
-es
,特殊情况如下:
1 child-
children/
man-men/ woman-
women/
foot-feet/ goose-
geese/ tooth-teeth/ mouse-mice/ ox-oxen/
phenomenon-phenomena/
synthes
i
< br>s
(综合
合成)
-synthes
e
s/ thesis-
thes
e
s
2
有些名词只有单数形式:
advice/
bread/
food/
fruit/
furniture/
homework/
luggage/
information/
damage/
knowledge/
population/ traffic/ equipment/
3
有些名词单复数同形:
Chinese/ Japanese/ sheep/ deer/
buffalo/ shark
4
有些名词常用复数形式:
clothes/ customs/ arms/ glasses/
goods/ scissors/ shoes/
trousers/
stockings/ papers
5 news/ means/ whereabouts
(行
踪
下落)形式是复数,用作单数;
police/ people/ poultry/
cat
tle
形式是单数,却用作复数。
6
以
-s
结
尾<
/p>
的
学
科
、
疾
病
名
称
看
作
是
单
数
:
acoustics(
声
学
)/
economics/
electronics/
mathematics/
physics/ politics/ statistics /measles
二、名词作定语和复合名词
常见的名词作定语和复合名词有:
lunch time/ table lamp/ dress shop/
street lights/ traffic accident/
shoe
shop/room number/
bus driver/blood type
三、常见易混淆的名词:
1.
affair
事务
in
cident
< br>偶发的事件
ac
cident
< br>事故
event
事变,事件
2. analysis
分析
comment
评论
3. border
边界
margin
页边空白
4.
custom
习俗
customs
海关
5. discount
折扣
account
叙述
,
报导
6. fare (
车
船
)
费
fee
学费
酬金
tuition
7. evolution
发展
演变
revolution
革命
8. habit
习惯
custom
习俗
习惯
hobby
业余爱好
9. instrument
仪器
appliance
器具
apparatus
器械
equ
ipment
装备
器材总称
10. limit
限
limitation
局限
11. perspective
透视图
远景
prospect
前途
展望
12.
response
反应
reaction
反应
reflection
反映
13. signature
签名
sign
标记
符号
signal
信号
14. silence
寂静
calm
平静
peace
安静
- 1
-
15. source
来源
resource
资源
16. trace
痕迹
track
足迹
轨迹
17. victim
受害者
witness
目击者
名词专练:
1. This
article deals with the natural phenomenon which
____ most interesting to everyone.
A.
are
B. is
C. were
D. has
2. Before we moved in the new house, we
bought many _____.
A. furnitures
B.
furniture
C. pieces of furniture
D. equipments
3. Ten years
had elapsed. I found she had _____.
A.
a little white hair
B. some white
hair
C. a few white hairs
D.
a few white hair
4. We saw a lot of
____.
A. cow and sheep
B.
cows and sheeps
C. cow and sheeps
D. cows and sheep
5. Every
means ____ been tried since then.
A has
B.
have
C. are
D. is
6. The police ____ to report to
headquarters immediately.
A. are
required
B. is required
C. requires
D. require
7. Julie went to the ____ to buy a pair
of shoes.
A. shoes store
B. shoe store
C.
shoe’s stores
D
.
shoe’s
store
8.
Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said
that he forgot both of the ____.
A.
rooms number
B. room number
C.
room’s number
D.
room numbers
9. Jim and Ronald are
____.
A.
my
father and mother’s friends
B
.
my father’s and mother’s
friends
C. my father and
mother friends
D. friends of mine father and mother
10. I will give you _____to finish it.
A. two weeks time
B.
two week’s time
C. two weeks time
D.
two weeks’ time
Keys:
1-5BCCDA
6-10ABDAD
专升本真题
(
专业
)
1. Too much ____ to
X-rays can skin burns, cancer or damage to the
body.
A. disclosure
B. contact
- 2 -
C.
exposure
D. connections
2. She could
never put any ____ into her writing.
A.
possession
B. pension
C. procession
D.
passion
3. A doctor writes the ____ and
a chemist makes it up for the patient.
A. prescription
B. description
C. instruction
D.
presentation
4. The mountain has an
____ of 8,000 meters.
A. algebra
B.
appetite
C. attitude
D. altitude
5. I f a person always talks about his
weak points, his listener is expected to say
something in
the way of ____.
A. assurance
B. confirmation
C.
encouragement
D. persuasion
6. That
businessman has an excellent ____ for fair
dealing.
A. repetition
B. reputation
C. popularity
D. authority
7.
The ____ of a teacher is very low in that country.
A. statute
B. statue
C.
status
D. stature
8. The book cost
her three ____ and twenty ____.
(
2003
)
A.
pound
…
pence
B.
pounds
…
pences
C.
pound
…
pences
D.
pounds
…
pence
9.
The river today is dangerous for swimming, because
the water is full of ____.(2004)
A.
oxidation
(氧化)
B.
infirmities
(体弱;衰弱)
C.
impurities
(杂质;不纯之物)
D. poison
10. Much to the
mayor
’
s ____, the city
employees
’
threatened strike
did not materialize.
(2005)
A. joy
B. sorrow
C.
relief
D. astonishment
11.
Employees can
’
t be absent
from office without the
boss
’
s ____.
A.
admission
B. permit
C.
allowance
(补助;津贴)
D.
permission
12. I am in no ____ to
listen to Beethoven
now.
(2006)
A.
mood
B. attitude
C. tendency
D.
attribute
13. It was said that Einstein
had no ____ for language learning when he was
young.
A. attitude
B.
aptitude
(才能;资质)
C. interest
D.
difficulty
14. She
hadn
’
t much ___ for hearing
good music.
(2007)
A. chance
B. occasion
C. opportunity
D. fate
15
.
There is no
___ arguing about it, just do as you are told.
A. reason
B. point
C. way
D.
meaning
- 3 -
16.
When
they
heard
the
___
for
help
that
rang
through
the
burning
building,
the
firemen
rushed into it.
A. appeal
B. noise
C.
fight
D. emergency
17. Although
the Moon has not held great prominence in the
history of religion, the
the
Moon by some societies has been
practiced since early times.
(2008)
A. magic of
B.
symbol for
C.
worship of
D.
dependence on
18. Your whole account of
these incidents doesn
’
t make
.
A. meaning
B. sense
C. significance
D. idea
19. My boss always attends to the
of important business
himself.
A. transaction
B. stimulation
C. transition
D.
solution
20.
Rembrandt
’
s
is obvious in his
paintings.
A. genuine
B. genius
C. generous
D. generate
21. There is a ______ improvement in
your pronunciation.
(
2009
)
A. distinguishing
from(
识别;分清;不用进行时
)
B.
distinction(
区别;差异
)
C
. distinct
from
(截然不同的;完全分开的)
D. distinguished
for
(卓越的;著名的;受人尊重的)
22. The Eiffel Tower is one of the most
famous _____ in the world.
A. houses
B
. structures
C. locations
D. temples
21. Despite the wonderful acting and
well developed plot the ______ movie could not
hold our
attention.
A. two hour
B. two hours
C. two hour’s
D
. two-hour
23.
The President made a wonderful ______.
A. message
B. talk
C. speech
D. word
24. French is not his mother ______ but
he can speak it excellently.
A. tongue
B. talk
C. speak
D. speech
Keys:
1-5 CDADB
6-10CDCC
11-15DABCB
16-20ACBCB
动词
2000
年后四级动词真题
:
1. Tyron was extremely angry, but
cool-
heated enough to ____ storming
into the boss’s office.
A.
avoid
B. prohibit
C.
turn
D. prevent
2.
____
energy
under
the
earth
must
be
released
in
one
form
or
another,
for
example,
an
earthquake.
A. Gathered
B.
Accumulated
C.
Collected
D. Assembled
3.
Everybody ____ in the hall where they were
welcomed by the secretary.
- 4 -
A. assembled
B.
accumulated
C. piled
D. joined
4. He
____ to his customers and halved the price.
A. leaked
B. yield
C. drew
D.
quoted
5. The author of the report is
well ____ with the problem in the hospital because
he has been
working there for many
years.
A. informed
B. enlightened
C. acquainted
D. acknowledged(
承认
认可
)
6. A season ticket ____ the holder to
make as many journeys as he wishes within the
stated
period of time.
A.
grants
B. promises
C. entitles
D.
presents
7. The Car Club couldn’t ____
to meet the demands of all its members.
A. ensure
B. guarantee
C.
assume
D. confirm
8. Extensive
reporting on television has helped to ____
interest in a wide variety of sports and
activities.
A. gather
B. generate
C.
assemble
D.
yield
(产生,出产某物)
9.
Eating too much fat can ____ heart diseases and
cause high blood pressure.
A.
contribute to
B. attribute
to
(归功于)
C.
attend to
(照顾,照料)
D.
devote to
10. Cancellation of the
flight ____ many passengers to spend the night at
the airport.
A.
obliged
(迫使)
B. demanded
C. resulted
D.
recommended
11. I didn’t ____ to take a
taxi but I had to as I was late.
A. mean
B. assume
(假设)
C. hope
D. suppose
12.
The same factors push wages and prices up
together, the one ____ the other.
A.
increasing
B. emphasizing
C.
reinforcing
(加强)
D.
multiplying
13. As we can no longer
wait for the delivery of our order, we have to
____ it.
A. postpone
B. refuse
C.
delay
D. cancel
14. Most
broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly
criticized and argue that the power
of
the medium is ____.
A. granted
B. implied
C. exaggerated
D.
remedied
(纠正错误)
15. Putting in a new window will ___
cutting away part of the roof.
A.
include
B. involve
(意味着)
C. contain
D. comprise
(由
……
构成)
16.
In Britain people ____ four million tons of
potatoes every year.
A. exhaust
B.
consume
C.
dispose(
处理
)
D. swallow
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