高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：手把手教你挑战阅读难题(C、D篇)

高中英语新高考

-

阅读理解指导与解读：手把手 教你挑战阅读难题（

C

、

D

这套卷实在是难得的好卷，笔者下决心宁愿熬夜也要挑选最难的部分来 分析一下。因为精

力实在有限，这里只挑两篇，后面争取分析剩下的。此时，我仿佛看到 高智商命题者在笑

而不语。

1

阅读

B

篇

The

spread

of

no-maintenance

artificial

lawns

is

threatening

wildlife

and

rare

plants,

conservationists

and

gardening

experts

are

warning.

Gardens

are

an

increasingly

impor?tant

shelter

for

wildlife

which

was

forced

into

withdrawing

from the countryside by loss of the natural homes and intensive farming. But the

growth

in

the

popularity

of

artificial

lawns,

which

look

like

the

real

thing

but

require

no

cutting,

watering

or

fertilizing,

means

there

’

s

no

shelter

in

an

increasing number of Britain

’

s back gardens.

Tim Rumball, editor of Amateur Gar?dening magazine, said: “

Artificial grass these

days looks great and these days you can buy rolls of it whereas before it was a very

specialist

thing.

It

can

take

people

a

few

min?utes

to

realize

they

are

on

an

artificial lawn rather than a real one.

”

Besides the impact on wildlife, a damaging impact has also been had on the wider

environment because of replacing real grass. Mr Rumball said:

“

Lawns matter a lot.

Plants change carbon dioxide into oxy?gen and if all the lawns are taken away in

Britain you will significantly affect the carbon levels in the atmosphere. When grass

grows longer, it attracts insects. If you have an artificial lawn then these insects will

be reduced and the whole of the food chain will be affected, especially birds that

rely on insects for their diet.

”

Joy Wallis of Dorset Wildlife Trust is also concerned about the trend for artificial

grass.

“

These days, gardens are a shelter for wildlife.

”

she said.

“

Creatures can

’

t survive in the countryside because it is so full of chemicals. Birds get absolutely

nothing from artificial grass, and they can

’

t dig for worms or anything like that. It

seems a shame that people feel they haven

’

t got the time or the tendency to look

after a lawn.

”

Robert

Redcliffe

of

Namgrass,

which

currently

sells

10,000

square

meters

of

artificial grass per week, says business is booming, adding,

“

We started five years

ago

in

the

UK

and

it

can

transform

the

way

you

use

the

garden.

There

’

s

the

obvious advantage of no cutting or watering, but also there

’

s no mud for children

or pets to walk through the house.

”

He disagrees that artificial grass is harmful to

the environment and added,

“

There are ecological benefits. In the long run the

effect of artificial grass is outweighed by not having to use a lawnmower, run?ning

water or fertilizers.

”

究竟怎样的阅读才能符合高考标准？我认为首先是选材的水准，其次才是命题的技术。而

选材应该从四个方面来评价：

生词率；语篇结构；信息沟；话题意义 。

本篇生词率控制

得好，

6

个：

mainten ance

，

intensive

，

lawn

，

outweigh

，

lawnmower

，

f ertilizer

这里

lawn< /p>

恰好又是关键词，好在文章配图，是比较容易理解的，也是江苏高考的特征。

信息差

（

information g ap

）

:

文章讲的是人造草坪。

我认为这算是比较新鲜的事物，

有趣。

这样同 样符合高考阅读特征。

话题意义：

通 过人造草坪来说明环保的重要性，这也是符合主流的阅读话题。

语篇结构：

这是区别选材水平高低最大的标准。熟悉江苏高考阅读的读者都知道江苏高 考

阅读结构层次分明，各个段落写什么第一句就能看出来，而且彼此逻辑体系很严密。一 篇

不好的选材，会让你看完后捣糨糊一样，感觉文章很乱。

且看本文，看每段第一句，就对文章说什么一目了然：

第一段

：

The spread of no-maintenance artificial lawns is threatening wildlife and

rare plants

第二段

：Tim Rumball, editor of Amateur Gar?dening magazine, said…

.(

某人说的话

基本都不用看，都是证明前面的论点

)

第三段

：

Besides the impact on wildlife, a damaging impact has also been had on the

wider environment because of replacing real grass.

第四段

：

Joy

Wallis of Dorset

Wildlife Trust

is also concerned about the trend for

artificial grass.

五

段

：

Robert

Redcliffe

…

says

business

is

boomi ng

…

There

’

< br>s

the

obvious

advantage of

结构是

：

前四段说的都是

artificia l lawn

的威胁

（

threate ning; besides, damaging impact;

also co ncerned

）

,

最后一段说的是它 的好（

advantage

）

总之，看这样的文章，让读者舒服，因为能不怎么费力看懂文章大意，增强了信心。个人

认为，这是正确导向，阅读文章是让大多数学生能看懂大意的，而不是故意用晦涩的文章

刁难学生。

然后，我来分析命题技术：

58. What can we learn from the growing trend for artificial lawns?

A. More people are fed up with the real lawns.

B. More people prefer the lower price of artificial grass.

C. More people believe artificial grass to look really better.

D. More people pay less attention to taking care of the environment.

此题命题技术打分

A

级。先看题眼：关于人造草坪的趋势的理解。文章一开始就是说这种

趋势，读者自然会产生疑问：这种趋势到底是什么？

大抵介绍新事物的 文章，基本要先问

它是什么。

首先< /p>

A

利用读者的错误联想，因为文章说真草坪需要浇水等，而人造的 不需要，这不等于

人们讨厌真草坪。

伪比较干扰是常用干扰手段

。

B

项文章没有提及。（不过按照高考 命题

风

格，选项

内容最

好在文

章找到出

处，很

少出现

无中

生有

干扰）

C

选项

利用第二

段的

Artificial grass these days looks great

来干扰，文章只是说它看起来不错，干扰项说它

比真草坪看起来真的好多了。这 又是伪比较。

命题人大意是想通过细节考查小推理能力，

artificial

lawns

处在风 头上，然而对环境有很

大坏处（首段说明了对动植物都有害），二者一结合说明大众不关 心环境。

59. What can be inferred from what Robert Redcliffe says?

A. Wildlife is likely to be threatened.

B. All enjoy the convenience of artificial lawns.

C. He focuses on keeping the balance of ecology.

D. Parents spend more time accompanying children.

此题命题技术我不好确定。因为。。。它实在太高明了。

先看题眼，根据某人说的话来推断，属于常规推断题，没什么可说的。在最后一段可以定

位

Robert

Redcliffe

，本段都是他在讲人造草坪的好。但答案却是

A

。估计考生和我一样

犯糊涂了。

奥妙在提干设问里：

What can be inferred from what Robert Redcliffe says?

问的是，

你从

Robert Redcliffe

推断出什么？不是问

Robert Red cliffe

想告诉我们什么？换句话说：

问的是这个人的话说 明了什么事实，不是这个人的话说明了这个人的说话意图。

这就是高

考重点突出的考查：学会区分事实和态度。

前面说人造草 坪对环境的破坏，尤其是野生动物很不满，后果很严重。而最后这个人说我

的生意红火呢 。

二者一结合就是：

你的人造草坪生意越好，

< br>说明了对野生动物威胁越严重。

这是事实。