概要写作---2020年上海高考英语一模专题

概要写作

---2020

年上海高考英语一模专 题

2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

2020

宝山一模

IV

.

Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

People choose to become entrepreneurs(

创业者）

for a wide variety of reasons.

One important reason is, of course, financial reward. If you own your own business and

it becomes successful, you can reap huge financial rewards. And as an entrepreneur,

dependent on how much your boss decides to give you; ifs limited only by the success

of

your business. And speaking of bosses, not

having

a supervisor is

another major

advantage of becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are often independent thinkers

who want to be in charge of projects, rather than having others tell them what to do.

They often have big dreams that that they want to pursue rather than making someone

else’s dream come true. For many entrepreneurs, starting a business is a way of solving

a problem or helping people receive something they need. It’s a way to change the world

for the better.

Being an entrepreneur isn’t easy, however, nor is it always fun. Entrepreneurs often

have to work long hours, especially early on when they’re trying to get their businesses

off

the

ground.

that’s

the

reason

entrepreneurs

need

to

have

a

strong

work

ethic (

伦

理

).Employees can work 40 hours a week and then stop, but for an entrepreneur, there’s

no end in sight.

That’s why another feature of successful entrepreneurs is passion; they have to be

excited about what they’re doing to be willing to work hard for it. Entrepreneurs also

need good communication skills to pass on that passion to others. That’s important for

finding investors, getting people to buy products and attracting employees.

Entrepreneurs also need to be creative people who are able to find solutions to

problems

they

encounter.

This

is

important

from

the

very

beginning,

when

the

entrepreneur comes up with an initial concept of a business. But even after that initial

step, creative thinking is continually necessary to adapt to changing situations and to

solve problems that come up.

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概要 写作

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年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

71. This passage is about the advantages and challenges of starting a business. On one

hand, a boss can get financial rewards and independence avoiding control from others.

On the other hand, a boss must have passion for his own business, good communication

skills and creative thinking, which can help him solve problems.

2020

崇明一模

IV

.

Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Giving Thanks

This is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in

life.

Spending

that

time

with

friends

and

family

to

give

thanks

is

what

makes

the

holidays

so

special.

But

why

should

we

limit

it

to

just

a

few

weeks

in

the

years?

Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier

humans and leaders.

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概要 写作

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年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported

feeling

healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25

percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic

when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond

the research that shows that employees who arc shown that they arc appreciated arc

more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the

right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges,

offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things

that, when paired with

gratitude, can lead to

more productive, engaged and happier

working professionals.

Working

in

an

ever- evolving,

fast-paced

industry,

I

am

surrounded

by

ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon

to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying

attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient

to being successful in your career.

Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and

in

your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to

forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.

The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is

true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.

71. We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and

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概要 写作

---2020

年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier,

thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can

contribute to career success. Lastly

，

it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps

build strong relationships. (59 words)

2020

奉贤一模

IV

. Summary Writing

Directions:

Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine Life

Oxygen

in

the

oceans

is

being

lost

at

an

alarming

rate,

with

“dead

zones”

expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted,

putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones,

where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(

翻两番

) in extent in the last half-

century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels,

up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.

The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants

generated by the industrial world

have been the

most destructive force to cause the

unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are

about 26% more acidic than in pre- industrial times because of absorbing the excess

carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.

Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer

water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(

分层

), so there is less of

the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose

about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much

greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in

the mid to high latitudes.

Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial

fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers

and seas, it feeds algae(

藻类

) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they

die and decay.

The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been

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概要 写作

---2020

年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.

Possible 1 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine

life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the

deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to

blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen.

Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.

Possible 2 Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine

life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the

deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen

storage

and

stratification.

Finally,

intensive

farming

also

results

in

the

oxygen

loss.

Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.

2020

虹口一模

Ⅳ. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

The Zeigarnik Effect

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概要 写作

---2020

年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

Have you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school

or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what

would

happen

next

in

your

favorite

TV

show

or

film

series.

If

you

have,

you’ve

experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than

finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.

The

effect

is

especially

well

suited

for

helping

overcome

procrastination

or

delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming.

However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to

just get started. The first step could be something small and seemingly insignificant. In

fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.

The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The

effect tells us that breaking up study periods can actually improve recall. So instead of

cramming

for

an

exam

all

in

one

sitting,

breaks

should

be

scheduled

in

which

the

student

focuses

on

something

else.

This

will

cause < /p>

intrusive

（侵入的）

thou ghts,

enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered,

leading to better recall when they take the exam.

The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental

health

problems.

If

an

individual

leaves

important

tasks

incomplete,

the

intrusive

thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress.

Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and

lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well - being.

The

Zeigarnik

effect

can

actually

be

used

to

positively

impact

your

work

productivity.

71.

The

Zeigarnik

effect,

the

tendency

to

remember

incomplete

tasks

better

than

complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things

when they start with a small step. Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus

improving

recall

in

exams.

Thirdly,

it

promotes

mental

health

by

providing

the

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概要写作

---2020

年上海高考英 语一模专题

2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

motivation needed to finish tasks.

2020

黄浦一模

Ⅳ. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Online “friends” -- a threat to development

The

impact

of

technology

on

the

nature

of

our

friendships

has

been

a

much

-

debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology

and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is

therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager

to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.

There

is

one

element

of

social

networking

that

is

deeply

worrying.

We

find

ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night,

excited

to

make

announcements

about

the

tiniest

details

of

their

lives.

Research

is

starting

to

show

that

this

culture

is

negatively

affecting

not

our

friendships

but

our

character.

Professor

Larry

D.

Rosen

says

that

young

people

who

overuse

social

networking

sites

can

become

ineffective,

and

display

anti

-

social

behavior

in

their

offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic

emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see

the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect

and form meaningful adult relationships.

Professor

Sherry

Turkle

suggests

that

people

are

no

longer

comfortable

being

alone. This

is

something

confirmed

by

a

study

where

200

university

students

were

asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their

online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.

And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really

are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.

These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we

can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.

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概要 写作

---2020

年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

71. There is a more and more concern about social networks' negative impact on our

society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop

bad characters and lose empathy. Besides. people can't bear being alone, the lack of

which makes them unable to self-reflect. Therefore, more attention should be paid to

them. (56 words)

2020

嘉定一模

Ⅳ. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Most of us -- even those at the top -- struggle with public - speaking anxiety. When

I

ask

my

clients

what

makes

them

nervous,

invariably

they

respond

with

the

same

answers: “I don’t like being watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” or “I don’t like

being in the spotlight.”

To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans

regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators

（肉

食动物）

and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains

have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words,

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概要 写作

---2020

年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

public - speaking anxiety is in our DNA.

Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic

button

is

to

turn

the

focus

away

from

ourselves

and

toward

helping

the

audience.

Studies

have

shown

that

an

increase

in

generosity

indeed

leads

to

a

decrease

in

amygd ala

（扁桃腺）

activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain.

When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to

feel less nervous.

Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absolutely possible to become a generous

speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you

often

make

is

starting

with

the

topic.

Instead,

you

should

start

with

the

audience.

Identify the audience’s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs.

Also, you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your

brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly the moment when you

should

refocus

your

brain.

Over

time,

your

brain

will

begin

to

get

it,

and

you

will

become less nervous.

71.

Many

people

have

public-speaking

anxiety

because

there

are

many

eyes

on

the

speakers. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in

prehistoric times into public speaking. To solve the problem, people should focus on

helping the audience, speaking directly to the audience’s needs and refocusing their

brain before speaking. (55)

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概要 写作

---2020

年上海高考英语一模专题

< br>2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

2020

静安一模

IV

．

Summary Writing

Directions

:

Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Do We Need Art in Our Lives

No one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We

view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the

rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we

really need art in our lives?

In schools, time and money is

at a premium

(

稀有而珍贵

), now more than ever.

With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is

dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and

what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when

they can drop art instead?

It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have

to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art

therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with

their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items,

such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and

arouse

emotions in the people interacting with them.

Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when

it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where

art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their

art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight

without it.

Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self- expression. Being

able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk

about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or

bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever

you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.

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概要写作

---2020

年上海高考英 语一模专题

2020

上海高三英语一模分类汇编

So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re

thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is

truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea

of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.

71.

Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is

spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art

benefits

health.

Besides, it enables us to

understand the world

better. Above all, we

often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.

2020

闵行一模

Ⅳ.Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide

to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a

few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise,

parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, in may be just

the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere,

make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top

where their parent’s praise has put them.

Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just

as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that

you

don’t

care

and,

as

a

result,

may

see

no

point

in

trying

hard

for

their

accomplishments.

So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is

more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the

outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal

reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and

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