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to do、doing 和done作补语的比较

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-12 16:34
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2021年2月12日发(作者:放心吧)



to do



doi ng



done


作补语的比较



一、


在介词


with


后作宾补的非谓语动


词形式



1.




wi th


+



+done

< br>,


表示宾语与过去分词


在逻辑上是


被动关系


,且意味着


该动


作已经完成 或无时间性




2.




wi th


+



+doing



表示宾语与现在分


词在逻辑上是

主动关系


,且表示


动作


的持续进行




3.




with


+



+to do



< br>表示将来


的动作,


宾语与不定式在逻辑上


可以是主动关


系也可以是被动关系


,注意此时的不


定式不是作宾补而是作宾语的定语



。如:



1.



The


murderer


was


brought



in,


with


his


hands



______


behind


his


back.


(


全国卷


)



A.


being


tied




B.


having


tied



C.


to


be


tied




D.


tied


< br>【分析】答案选


D



his < /p>


hand



tie


是被动关系,且带进时应己捆绑好


了,表示



被动、完成



用过去分词作


宾 补。




2.



With


a


lot


of


difficult


prob


lems



________,



the


newly-elected


p


resident


is


having


a


hard


time.


(


上海春


)


A.


settled



B.


setting


C.


to


s


ettle



D.


being


settled



【分析】答案选


C

< br>。由语境可知,问


题还没有解决,用不定式指将来的动


作 。




3.



Peter


soon


fell


asleep


with


the


light


still







burn



.



【分析】彼得很快睡着了,灯仍然亮


着。


burning


表示持续进行。




二、




宾语 后可用


分词或不定式



4


个动词




leave,


want,


get,


have


等动


词的宾语后面可接


doing




done



to


do


。现分述如下:




leave…doing




一直


(


主动、


持续进行


)




leave…to


do


< p>


去做


(


主动、


将来


)





leave…done(


被动


)



如:



1



Don’t


leave


the


water



_____


wh


ile


you


brush


your


teeth.


(


天津卷


)



A.


run



B.


running



C.


bei


ng


run




D.


to


run



【分析】答案选


B

< br>。


the


water



ru


n


是主动关系,又表示持续进行,用


现在分词作宾补。



2



Leave


the


door


firmly









f


asten


)让门紧闭着


;



3



Leave


her







(do)


as


she


like


s


让她去做她喜欢做的事。




KEY:


fastened



to


do




want


sb.


doing


希望某人做某



(


多用于否定


)




want


sb.


to


do


要某人做某


事;



want


sth.


done=want


sth.


to



be


done(


被动


)


< br>如:



1



I


don’t


want


you










(arri


ve)


late.



2



I


want


the


letter












(op


en)


now.



3



The


boss


wanted


his


workers










(finish)


the


job


by


Friday.



KEY:


arriving/(to


be)


opened/


to


f


inish



get


sb.


to


do


sth.


使某人做


某事


(


主动、将来


);




g et…doing


使



处于某一状态< /p>



(


主动、持续


);



get…done=have


sth.


done



人做



/


遭受


(


被动


)



如:



1)


I’ll


try


to


get


her



________


the


doctor.


(


上海卷


)


A.


see



B.


seeing


C.


to


see



D.


for


seeing


【分析】


答案选


C



get


sb.


to


do


sth.


使某人做某事。请比较:



2)The teacher


got


the


children


tal


king.


让孩子说起话来;


get


the


comp


uter


repaired


将电脑送去修理;


get


his


wrist


broken


折断了手腕。




have


sth.


done=get


sth.


don


e


请人做某事


;




have


sb


/


sth.


doing


sth.


使

< p>
某人


/


某物一直做某事或者处于某种


状态;



have


sb.


do


sth.


使某人做某



(


见使役动词


)




have


sth.


to


do


有事要做


(



非谓语动词作定 语部分


)



如:



1.



She


had


her


audience


listen


ing


attentively.


他使观众听得入神。



2.



He


didn’t


keep


on


asking


me


the


time


any


longer


as


he


had



had


his


watch



________.


(


上海卷


)


A.


to


repair



B.


repaired



C.


r


epairing




D.


repair

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