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新视野大学英语读写3(第三版)教案

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2021年2月12日发(作者:差)












新视野大学英语读写教程(第三版)


BOOK 3


教案

























章节




Unit One:



The Way to Success


Section A: New Words and Expressions



教学内容



Text: Never, ever give up!


Exercises: V


ocabulary, Sentence Structure, Translation



Listening, Speaking & Writing Skills


1. To talk about the secret of success;



2. To further understand the text;


教学目的



3. To apply the phrases and patterns;



4. To master the essay writing skill;



1. Clearly know the structure of the passage;


2. Master the important language points;


教学要求



3. Briefly summarize the passage alone;



4. Correctly use and master the key words in this unit.


1.


The


structure


of


the


whole


passage


discussed


and


the


writing


ways


mentioned in this passage



2. The reading skills mentioned in this unit


3. listening practicing related to the contents learned in this unit



1. The use of the new words and phrases in this passage



2. The writing ways mentioned in this passage



3. Some important sentence structures


重点



难点












Step 1: Lead-in


The



First



Step 2: Pre-reading Activities


Two


Periods


Step 3: New Words


Step 1: Background Information


Questioning


Discussing


Questioning


10m


Discussing


Lecturing,


80m


Questioning


Giving Examples


Questioning


10m


Discussing


10m


&


&


&


&


The



Second



Two


Step 2: Structure Analysis


10m


Lecturing


Periods


Lecturing,



Step


3:


Language


points


and


Difficult


70m


Questioning


&



Sentences


Giving Examples


Step 4: Comprehension of the Text A


Step 1: Summarize the passage orally


The



Step


2:


Exercises


(Words


in


use,


Word


Third


Questioning


building,


Banked


cloze,


Expressions


in


use,


70m


Two


Discussing


Translation in Section A)


Periods


Lecturing,


Step 3: Revision & Homework


10m


Questioning


Step 1: Check Homework


The



Step 2: Structured Writing


Forth


Two



Step 3: Listening


Periods


Step 4: Speaking



Questioning


Discussing


Questioning


20m


Discussing


10m


&


&


&


30m


30m


20m


20m


Questioning



Watching &


Discussing


Listening &


Questioning


Questioning &


Discussing










The First Two Periods:


Step 1: Lead-in:



1.



W


hat is success?


2.



W


hat do you think are the secrets of success?


Step 2: Pre-reading Activities:



1.



Listen


to


a


talk


about


steps


to


make


your


dreams


come


true.


Fill


in


the


blanks


based on what you hear.


2.



Listen to the talk again and discuss the following questions.


Step 3: New Words


The Second Two Periods:


Step 1: Background Information



1.



Public schools in the UK & US


2.



Winston Churchill


Step 2: Structure Analysis



Part I (Paras.1-2): By using Wins


ton Churchill’s story and his speech at Harrow as an


introduction


to


the


topic,


the


text


makes


clear


its


statement:


the


secret of success is ―Never give up‖.



Part II (Paras.3-7): Through the examples of world famous scientists, statesman, and


jurist,


the


text


brings


forward


the


statement


that


only


those


with


a


strong will


, those who ―keep their eyes on the prize‖, and those who


expend the substantial effort to keep going, will finally succeed.


Part III (Paras 8): By reinforcing the statement given in part II, the text draws the


conclusion that with hard work, determination, dedication and


preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat,


and achieve success.


Step 3: Language points and Difficult Sentences


Practical Phrases



1. deviate from …






偏离,背离??



2. preclude sb. from doing …


阻止某人做??



3. triumph over …


战胜??



4. in (the) pursuit of …






追求??



5. work one’s way; to/through/into…


通过奋斗逐步达到



6. give up on …






放弃??



7. focus on …


专注于??





Functional Patterns


1. A, B, C




none of these be/do…


用于表达“对已知 条件的否定”




2. Sb. do sth., not because …, but because …


用于表达“某人做某事的原因”





3. It’s not … that matters. It’s …that be/do…


用于表达


“对某事物最为 重要的因素


是??”




Step 4: Comprehension of the Text A


Understanding the text (Page 9)


The Third Two Periods:


Step 1: Summarize the passage orally


Step 2: Exercises



Words in use (Page 9)


Word building (Page 10,11)


Banked cloze (Page 12)


Expressions in use (Page 12)


Translation (Page 16)


Step 3: Revision & Homework


1.



Finish the exercises of Unit 1in the Comprehensive Exercises (Page 1-6, 9)


2.



Write


a


composition


of


no


less


than


200


words


on


the


topic:


No


one


succeeds


without a strong will


The Forth Two Periods:


Step 1: Check Homework


Step 2: Structured Writing


Topic: Biological clocks


Introduction:


Thesis statement: Even though it is not easy to explain why, scientists believe living


things must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset.


Body1:


Topic


sentence:


To


start


with,


various


24-


hour


rhythms


observed


in


people’s


biological clocks can be adjusted.



Example:


A


traveler


flying


from


New


York


to


London


can


adjust


his


normal


rhythms to London time.


Body2:


Topic sentence: The same kind of resetting also takes place in the biological clocks


of animals and plants.


Example 1: The clock of an animal or plant can be set to the laboratory- produced


hours of light and dark.


Example


2:


Mussels


can


adjust


to


the


tides


of


the


new


beach


after


being


moved


from the old one.


Conclusion:


Biological


clocks,


in


a


way,


serve


as


automatic


internal


―watches‖


for


all


living


things.


Step 3: Listening


Step 4: Speaking


Make a speech on the following topic.


Suppose you are to give a speech on how to


achieve success.













课后补遗
















章节




Unit Two:



Beat your fear


Section A: New Words and Expressions



教学内容



Text: Swimming through fear


Exercises: V


ocabulary, Sentence Structure, Translation



Listening, Speaking & Writing Skills


1.


To talk about how to beat fear




2. To further understand the text;


教学目的



3. To apply the phrases and patterns;



4. To master the essay writing skill;




1. Clearly know the structure of the passage;


2. Master the important language points;


教学要求



3. Briefly summarize the passage alone;



4. Correctly use and master the key words in this unit.


1.


The


structure


of


the


whole


passage


discussed


and


the


writing


ways


mentioned in this passage



2. The reading skills mentioned in this unit


3. listening practicing related to the contents learned in this unit



1. The use of the new words and phrases in this passage



2. The writing ways mentioned in this passage



3. Some important sentence structures


重点



难点












Step 1: Lead-in


The



First



Step 2: Pre-reading Activities


Two


Periods


Step 3: New Words


Step 1: Background Information


Questioning


Discussing


Questioning


10m


Discussing


Lecturing,


80m


Questioning


Giving Examples


Questioning


10m


Discussing


10m


&


&


&


&


The



Second



Two


Step 2: Structure Analysis


10m


Lecturing


Periods


Lecturing,



Step


3:


Language


points


and


Difficult


70m


Questioning


&



Sentences


Giving Examples


Step 4: Comprehension of the Text A


Step 1: Summarize the passage orally


The



Step


2:


Exercises


(Words


in


use,


Word


Third


Questioning


building,


Banked


cloze,


Expressions


in


use,


70m


Two


Discussing


Translation in Section A)


Periods


Lecturing,


Step 3: Revision & Homework


10m


Questioning


Step 1: Check Homework


The



Step 2: Structured Writing


Forth


Two



Step 3: Listening


Periods


Step 4: Speaking



Questioning


Discussing


Questioning


20m


Discussing


10m


&


&


&


30m


30m


20m


20m


Questioning



Watching &


Discussing


Listening &


Questioning


Questioning &


Discussing










The First Two Periods:


Step 1: Lead-in:



3.



L


ook at the some pictures, what are these people afraid of?


4.



D


id you have a fear of something before? If so, how did you overcome it?


Step 2: Pre- reading Activities:



3.



Listen to a story about Jack’s fear and de


cide whether the following statements


are T (true) or F (false).


4.



Listen to the talk again and discuss the following questions.


Step 3: New Words


The Second Two Periods:


Step 1: Background Information



3.



Have you ever heard about Mediterranean Sea? What do you know about it?


4.



Do you know what is ―rip current‖? How to escape from rip current?



Step 2: Structure Analysis



Part I (Paras.1-3):


On a tour of France, I saw the Mediterranean Sea, but the rip currents scared


me. And it reminded me that I developed a fear of water due to the experience


of last summer and


since then, the fear wouldn’t


recede.


Part


II


(Paras.4-17):


When


I


saw


a


boy


drowning


amid


the


waves,


I


was


in


a


mental


and


emotional


struggle


whether


I


should


save


him


because


I


was


extremely


terrified of water. After my fierce struggle, I made the single big decision: to


throw


myself


into


the


water.


I


finally


reached


the


boy


and


had


him


under


control;


but


when


I


swam


back


toward


shore,


the


rip


current


was


forcibly


dragging us out to sea. I tried to remember how to escape from a rip current,


and with that, I slowly made my way to safety, thus conquering my inner fear



of water as well.


Part III (Paras 18-19): I was relaxed and happy in a moment of triumph and salvation.


Step 3: Language points and Difficult Sentences


Practical Phrases


1.



deem sth. Impo rtant


认为


……


重要



2.



pop up


突然出现;冒出来



3.



be paralyzed with


使丧失思考能力,使呆若木鸡



4.



plow through sth.


艰难费力的通过



5.



throw oneself into / at / on / down


突然猛力地冲进


/


扑向


/


跳到


/


扑倒等



6.



make one’s way


行进(尤指艰难地,或需要很长时间时)



Functional Patterns


1.



Nothing … as much as …




否定比较级,用于表达“最??”




2.


As sb. did sth. sb. real


ize something incredible / provoking / important: sb. no longer …




于表达“某人对某些事的反思”


。< /p>



3.


Adj. as sb. was, sb. / sth. had never looked adj.


用 于表达“某人对某事或某人新的看法”




Step 4: Comprehension of the Text A


Understanding the text



The Third Two Periods:


Step 1: Summarize the passage orally


Step 2: Exercises



Words in use (Page 39)


Word building (Page 40,41)


Banked cloze (Page 42)


Expressions in use (Page 42)


Translation (Page 46)


Step 3: Revision & Homework


3.



Review the whole passage



4.



Write a composition of no less than 200 words on the topic:


My biggest mistake


The Forth Two Periods:


Step 1: Check Homework


Step 2: Structured Writing


Topic: Biological clocks


Topic:



Dad’s blessings



Introduction:



Thesis statement: We often misread people we truly care for in our life and may never


again have a chance to make up for it.



Exposition:



Setting:



Upon graduation, a young man was expecting his dad’s blessing.



Conflict:



The father’s gift, a Bible with the young man’s name on it in gold, resulted


in the young man’s storming out of


the house on Graduation Day.



Development:



Rising action:


Having become successful, the young man decided to pay a visit to his


father.



Climax:


When the young man made arrangements to visit his father, he was informed


of his father’s death.



Falling action:


When he arrived at his father’s house, sudden sadness and regret filled


his heart.



Conclusion:



Resolution:


The young man found the key for the sports car he once dreamed of in the


still new Bible when searching through his father’s belongings. But


his father was gone.



Step 3: Listening


Step 4: Speaking


Make


a


speech


on


the


following


topic.:


Suppose,


as


an


eye-witness,


you


are


expected to write a report to the police.



课后补遗





















3



Life stories


UNIT



___________________


PART l


UNDERSTANDING AND LEARNING



Overview


____________________ ____________________



Movies


play


an


important


role


in


almost


everyone



s


life.


People


from


the


movie


industry


have


considerable


influence


on


the


masses.


They


exhibit


personality


traits


that deserve admiration and applause, and could be looked up to as role models. This


unit will fully explore their best qualities.




The


two


texts


in


the


current


unit


are


biographies,


a


genre


of


literature,


which


is


a


written


account


of


another


person



s


life.


Each


of


the


texts


narrates,


analyzes


and


interprets the most important facts of one prominent figure in the movie domain. Text


A pays attention to actress Audrey Hepburn



s noble endeavor and her contribution to


the cause of UNICEF, while Text B portrays the determination and fervent spirit of


director and producer Steven Spielberg.



The


teacher


can


make


students


do


additional


research


at


the


library,


or


Audrey


Hepburn


and


Steven


Spielberg


in


advance.


Then


in


the


classroom,


the


teacher


may


organize a variety of activities including pair work, group discussion, and mini- survey


to talk about the films or the issue of fame, fortune, and social responsibility.



Section A


_______ __________________________________________


Audrey Hepburn-A true angel in this world


Background information


1


Audrey Hepburn



Audrey Hepburn (1929-1993) was a slender, stylish motion picture actress known for


her


radiant


beauty,


her


ability


to


project


an


air


of


sophistication


tempered


by


a


charming innocence, and her tireless efforts to aid needy children.



Although


born


in


Belgium,


Hepburn


had


British


citizenship


through


her


father


and


attended school in England as a child. In 1939, however, at the onset of World War II,


her mother(He


pburn’s father left the family when she was six years old) moved the


child to the Netherlands (where the author of this text mistakenly considered Hepburn


was born), thinking the neutral country safer than England. Throughout World War II,


Hepburn endured hardships in Nazi- occupied Holland. She still managed, however, to


attend school and take ballet lessons. After the war, she continued to study ballet in


Amsterdam and in London. During her early 20s, she studied acting and worked as a


model and dancer. After appearing in


several


British


films and starring in


the 1951


Broadway


play


Gigi


(


《琪琪》


),


Hepburn


gained


instant


Hollywood


stardom


for


playing the Academy Award-winning lead role in Roman Holiday. She remains one of


few entertainers who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards.



Hepburn’s


war


-time


struggles


inspired


her


passion


for


humanitarian


work.


She


devoted much of her later life to UNICEF, visiting famine-stricken villages, in Latin


America, Africa, until shortly before her death of cancer in


1993. She was awarded


the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of her work as a UNICEF Goodwill


Ambassador in 1992.


2


UNICEF


UNICEF (United Nations International Children



s Emergency Fund) was created by


the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946, to provide emergency


food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II.


After 1950 the fund directed its efforts toward general programs for the improvement


of


children



s


welfare,


particularly


in


less-developed


countries


and


in


various


emergency situations. The organization



s broader mission was reflected in the name it


adopted


in


1953,


the


United


Nations


Children



s


Fund,


but


it


has


continued


to


be


known by the popular acronym based on this old name. Headquartered in New York


City,


UNICEF


provides


long-term


humanitarian


and


developmental


assistance


to


children


and


mothers


in


developing


countries.


UNICEF



s


programs


emphasize


developing


community-level


services


to


promote


the


health


and


well- being


of


children.



3


UNICEF Ambassador of Goodwill



Many


celebrities


have


acted


as


international,


regional


or


national


ambassadors,


depending on their profile, interests, and desired level


of


responsibility.


The role of


Goodwill


Ambassador


allows


celebrities


with


a


demonstrated


interest


in


UNICEF


issues to use their fame to draw attention to important issues. This may take the form


of public appearances and talks, visits to troubled regions, and use of their political


access


to


advocate


UNICEF


causes,


all


of


which


have


the


power


to


draw


attention


from the media and to create public awareness.


4


Gregory Peck


Gregory Peck (1916-2003) was one of the world



s most popular film stars from the


1940s to the 1960s. He is best known for his performance in the 1962 film


To Kill a


Mockingbird


, which earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor.



In


1967


Peck


received


the


Academy



s


Jean


Hersholt


Humanitarian


Award.


He


was


also in 1969 for his lifetime humanitarian effort. Always politically progressive, Peck


was active in such causes as anti-war protests, workers



rights and civil rights.


5


Billy Wilder



Billy


Wilder


(1906-2002)


was


an


Austrian- born


American


filmmaker,


screenwriter,


producer artist, and journalist. His career spanned more than 50 years and 60 films.


He is regarded as one of the most brilliant and versatile filmmakers of Hollywood



s


golden


age.


During


his


career,


Wilder


gained


20


Academy


Award


nominations


and


won six Oscars. He received a lifetime achievement award from the American Film


Institute in 1986.


6


Academy Awards


An Academy Award (byname Oscar) is an award presented annually by the American


Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Science to recognize excellence of professionals


in the film industry, including directors , actors , and writers. The award ceremony is


one


of


the


most


prominent


award


ceremonies


in


the


world,


and


is


televised


live


in


more than 200 countries annually.



7


Hubert de Givenchy


Hubert de Givenchy (1927-,) is a French aristocrat and fashion designer who founder


The


House


of


Givenchy


in


1952.


He


is


famous


for


having


designed


much


of


the


personal and professional wardrobe of Audrey Hepburn, as well as clothing for clients


such as Jacqueline Kennedy. He was named to the International Best Dress List Hall


of Fame in 1970.



Detailed study of the text


1


Audrey


Hepburn


thrilled


audiences


with


starring


roles


in


noteworthy



films...


(Para.1)



Meaning:


Audrey Hepburn played leading roles in many extraordinary films, and


such poles gave great pleasure to the people who watched the films





noteworthy:


a. important or interesting enough to deserve your attention


值得


注意的;显著的



One of the most noteworthy trends in contemporary American higher education is


the tendency among community colleges to offer certificate programs besides the


traditional associate degrees.

当代美国高等教育最显著的趋势之一就是社区大学


除了授予传统的副学士学位,还开 设学历课程。




2


Despite


her


success


in


the


film


domain


,


the


roles


she


most


preferred


portraying



were not in movies. (Para. 2)



Meaning:


Although Audrey Hepburn


was


a successful actress,


the role


she most


preferred playing was not being an actress.




domain:


n.[C] (fml.) an area of activity, interest, or knowledge, esp. one that a


particular person, organization, etc. deals with (


活动、


兴趣或知识的


)


领域,


范围,


范畴



Recent


research


in


the


clinical


domain


has


benefited


from


the


incorporation


of


multiple methods of measu rement.


临床领域近期的研究得益于多种测量方法



结合使用。





portray:


vt.



1) act the pare of a character in a play, film, or television program


扮演(角色)



It was said that Portman studied dance to better portray her character.


听说波特


曼学习舞蹈是为了更 好的扮演她的角色。



2)



~ sb. / sth. as sth.



describe or show sb. or sth. in a particular way, according to


your opinion of them


把某人

< p>
/


某物描写成某种样子







Lawyers tend to portray their clients as misguided underprivileged youths.


律师< /p>


往往将自己的当事人描述成受人误导的贫困青年。




3


She was an


exemplary


mother to her two sons and a UNCEF (the United Nations


International


Children



s


Emergency


Fund)



Ambassador



of


Goodwill


serving


victims in war-torn countries. (Para.2)




Meaning:


She


was


an


excellent


mother


to


her


two


sons


and


also


a


UNICEF


Ambassador of Goodwill providing services


to


people who were suffering


from


the destructions of war in their countries.




exemplary:


a. excellent and providing a good example for people to follow



范的;可作楷模的



Mary


had


proven


to


be


an


exemplary


educator


to


her


students


and


a


trusted


and


cherished friend to her colleagues.


玛丽对学生而言是一位模范教师,对同事而

< br>言是一位值得信任和珍惜的朋友。





ambassador:


n. [C] an important official who represents his or her government


in a foreign country


大使



He was President Clinton



s energy secretary and ambassador to the United Nations.


他担任过克林顿总统的能源部长和驻联合国大使。




4 .


...Audrey


Hepburn


was


aware


of


the



brutality


,


death,


and


destruction


of


war.


(Para.3)




Meaning:




Audrey Hepburn knew clearly that war is cruel, violent treatment



蛮行为;野蛮事件





The ruler



s brutality forced unarmed citizens to defend themselves.


统治者的野蛮


行径迫使手无寸铁的市民进行自卫。




5


She was hungry and malnourished, as her family was bankrupted as a result of the


invasion. (Para.3)




Meaning:


Because of the Nazi invasion, her family became so poor heat she did


not have enough food to eat and became ill as a result.



6


Audrey



s


father abandoned the family, and two of her uncles were



taken captive



and killed. (Para.3)




Meaning:


Audrey



s father ran away and deserted the family, and two of her uncles


were arrested and then killed.







captive:


a. kept in prison or in a place that you ate not allowed to leave


被关押


的;遭监禁的





A teenage boy called 911, claiming to be held captive in a house.


一个十几岁的男


孩拨打了


911


,声称自己被囚禁在一座房子里。







take / hold sb. captive:


take or keep sb. as a prisoner


关押某人;囚禁某人





The guerrillas shot down one airplane and took the pilot captive.

游击队击落了一


架飞机,并关押了该飞行员。




7


Audrey was grabbed off the street by Nazis and placed in line to be sent to a work


camp. (Para.3)






Meaning:


Nazis arrested Audrey on the street, and placed her together with other


people to be sent to a work camp.



8


When the guards


glanced


away she darted


away


she


darted


off, barely


escaping,


and


huddled


in a cold,


foul


basement full of rats. (Para.3)





Meaning:


When


the


guards


took


their


eyes


off


her,


she


quickly


ran


away


and


escaped. Then she hid in a cold dirty basement full of rats.





dart:


vi. move suddenly and quickly in a particular direction


猛冲;突进



A deer suddenly darted out into the street from inside the forest.


一只鹿突然从森


林里冲出来,跑到街 上来了。






huddle:


v. lie or sit with


your arms and legs close to


your body


because


you


feel ill, cold or upset (


因生病、寒冷或烦恼


)


蜷缩着身体< /p>



The cat came inside from the rain and huddled behind the heater to warm up agai n.


猫从雨中进到屋里,蜷缩在暖炉后面,好把身子暖和过来。






foul:


a. very dirty, or smelling or tasting unpleasant


肮脏的;难闻的;难吃的



The odor of smoke couldn



t hide the foul smell of the dirty room.


烟的气味也 无


法盖住这个脏房间难闻的味道。




9


The


little


girl


who


would


become


the


world



s


most


magical


actress


began


as


an


anonymous refugee


confronting life



s horrors and


fragility


firsthand, (Para. 4)







Meaning:


Though now the most attractive movie star, at the very beginning, she


was just an unknown person being forced to leave her country and directly face the


terrible reality and an unstable life.






anonymous:


a. unknown by name


无名的;不署名的





We are also grateful for the generous gifts of three anonymous donors.

< p>
我们也感谢


三位匿名捐赠者慷慨的礼物。







refugee:


n. [C] sb. who has been forced to leave their country, esp. during a war,


or for political or religious reasons


难民;避难者





A UN refugee agency spokesman says as many as 100,000 people have already fled


the country, and more


are likely to


follow.


一位联合国难民署发言人说已有多达


10


万人逃离了那 个国家,后面可能还有更多的人要跟随其后。







fragile:


a. easily broken or damaged


脆弱的;一岁的;易损坏的





This great recession clearly demonstrates how fragile the markets are.< /p>


这次经济大


萧条清楚地表明市场是多么脆弱。






fragility:


n. [U]


脆弱





Events like the senseless Colorado movie theater shooting remind us of the fragility


of life and the value of every single day.


科罗拉多电影院开枪滥杀这类事件提醒

< p>
我们生命是脆弱的,每一天都是宝贵的。




10


But she refused to allow her spirit to be


afflicted


by the desperate reality of her


young life.(Para.4)


Meaning:


Hopeless as her young life was, she was unwilling to let the reality have


a negative influence on her spirit.



afflict:



vt.


(fml.)


(often


passive)


affect


sb.


Or


sth.


in


an


unpleasant


way,


and


make them suffer


使受痛苦;折磨



Afflicted by an unexplained illness, be missed school for the next two weeks.


由于


遭受不明疾病的折磨,他接下来两周都没上课。




11


Instead, she transcended those challenges but never forgot what it felt to suffer, to


be hungry, alone and helpless.(Para. 4)


Meaning:


Instead of being influenced by the hopeless reality of her young life, she


overcame


obstacles


and


was


always


aware


of


the


feeling


of


suffering,


hunger,


loneliness, and desperation.



12



After


the


war,


Audrey


and


her


mother


left


Holland,


arriving


in


London


as


poor



immigrants


.(Para.5)


Meaning:


When the war was over, Audrey and her mother left Holland, moved to


London with little money, and lived there.



immigrant:


n. [C] sb. who enters another country to live there permanently (




)


移民



A


Chinese


immigrant


in


New


York


works


as


a


janitor


and


has


a


daughter


at


Harvard, a son at Yale, and another son at MIT.


一位在纽约的华裔移民是个看门


人,有个女儿上 哈佛,一个儿子上耶鲁,还有一个儿子在麻省理工。




13



Her


dream


of


becoming


prime


dancer


drove


her


into


a



rigorous


schedule


at


a


famous ballet school.(Para.5)


Meaning:


To


realize


her


dream


of


becoming


a


leading


dancer,


she


went


to


a


famous ballet school to get a strict training.




rigorous:


a.


1)very sever or strict


严酷的;严厉的






To


get


a


doctoral


degree,


you


are


required


to


have


rigorous


training


in


research


and specialized knowledge in your subject areas.


要想获得博士学位,


你得在研究


方面进行严苛的训练 ,还得有课题方面的专业知识。



2



careful, through, and exact


严格的;缜密的;精确的



Many



people


believed


in


her


healing


powers,


however,


she


could


offer


no


rigorous scientific evidence that her treatment actually saves lives.


许多人都相信


她的治病能力茫然而,她提供不了严格的科学证据 表明她的治疗确实能够救


人。




14


Later,


she


was


spotted


by


a


producer


and


eventually


landed


a


role


in


the


film


Roman


Holiday


starring


Gregory


Peck,


one


of


Hollywood



s


top


leading


men.(Para.5)


Meaning:


Later, a film producer noticed her, and she finally got a chance to play a


role in the film Roman Holiday together with the great Hollywood actor, Gregory


Peck.


Note land: vt. Get sth. that you wanted, esp. a job or opportunity


得到,获得 (自


己想要的某物,尤指工作或机会)



In his final


year of college, he successfully landed a job on Wall Street


with his


unusual effo rts.


在大学最后一年,


他异常的努力,

终于在华尔街找到一份工作。




15


Soon,


Audrey


was


transformed


from


a


malnourished


immigrant


to


an


internationally famous movie star. (Para. 6)


Meaning:


Soon,


Audrey


grew


from


an


immigrant


who


was


physically


weak


because of not having enough food to eat to a world-known actress.



16



Director Billy Wilder


complimented


her,



(Para. 6)



compliment:



vt. Say sth. nice to sb. In order to praise them


赞美;称赞



The manager compliments people as often as he can. It takes no time at all, but it


makes a bog difference.


那位经理 尽可能多地称赞别人。这花不了什么时间,


但是效果却很好。



n.[C] a remark that shows you admire sb. or sth.


赞美的话;夸奖;称赞



She


stared


almost


every


conversation


with


a


compliment.


她几乎每次和人交谈


都是从夸奖开始。




17


Audrey felt that her most significant work was


humanitarian


work with those in


need, and as the mother to her two sons.(Para.6)


Meaning:



Audrey thought her most important work was to serve people in need


and to be the mother of her two sons.




humanitarian:



a.


(only


before


noun)


concerned


with


improving


bad


living


conditions and preventing unfair treatment of people


博爱的;人道主义的



The


hospital


knew


they


couldn



t


charge


the


patients


any


money,


but


for


humanitarian


reasons


they


provided


their


services.


这 家医院知道他们不能收取


这些病人任何费用,但是出于人道主义原因,还是提供了服务。




18


She suffered through two


divorces


and from her memories of the war.(Para. 6)



divorce:



n. [C,U] the legal ending of a marriage


离婚



For her, it was huge risk and an act of courage to get a divorce.


对她而言,


离婚有


巨大的风险,是需要勇气的行为。



v. if sb. divorces their husband or wife, or if two people divorce, they legally end


their marriage (




)


离婚



Why should two good people like her parents be forced to divorce each other?


像她


父母那样的两个好人。为什么还会 被迫离婚呢?




19


Yet,


Audrey


never


let


her


sadness


overcome


her


or


jeopardize


her


hope


for


a


brighter future.(Para.6)


Meaning:


Yet, Audrey never allowed her sad feelings to conquer her or to spoil


her hope for a better future.


Jeopardize:


vt. (BrE



jeopardise


) risk losing or spoiling sth. important


危及;危


害;损害



She held her tongue, realizing that anger could only jeopardize their relationship.


她意识到生气只会损害他们的关系,于是保持沉默。




20


Friends


said


Audrey


had


a


complete


lack


of


ego


and


accepted


and


appreciated


others as they were.(Para.7)


Meaning:


Friends said Audrey didn



t have any sense of self-importance and she


accepted and appreciated whatever others were like.


Sentence structure NOTE



as they are




(as

< br>此处用作连接词


)


是一个固定结构,

通常用在句尾,


表示


“照


现在的情 形;


照现在的样子”


,如果是单数事物则需用“


as it is



。例如:




The wise person accepts things as they are.


智者对一切事物随遇而安,处之泰



然。



I learned long ago to face life as it is, not as I wish it to be.


我早就学会了要直视


现实生活,而不是只想去过我所希望的生活 。





21


For Audrey it was a


paradise


where she could hide from the world with her


beloved family, work in her garden and take long walks in nature. (Para. 8)



Meaning


: Home in Switzerland was a wonderful place to Audrey, where she could


escape from the world to spend time together with her dear family, work in her


garden and take long walks in nature.


Paradise


: n. [C,U]a perfect place or situation


乐土;完美的境界;天堂



If it is perfect for the adults, it is paradise for the kids.


如果对成人而言这是完美,


对孩子而言这就是天堂。




22


In 1988, Audrey was appointed a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF designed to


provide emergency food and healthcare to children suffering the destruction of


war or other catastrophes.(Para. 9)



Meaning


: In 1988 Audrey was selected as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF,


which was established to help children suffering from war or other disasters by


providing them with food and healthcare.



23


In that role, her lifelong passion for helping those in need, found its greatest


calling.(Para. 9)



Meaning


: In that role, she found a perfect way to express her lifelong passion for


helping those in need.



Note


calling: n. a strong desire or feeling of duty to do a particular kind of work,


esp. work that helps other people(


从事某种工作,尤其指帮助他人的

< p>
)


强烈冲动;


使命感;天职



Some think teaching is a profession; but for me, it is a calling.


有些人认为教书是


一个职业,但对我来说,这是一个使命。




24


She


turned down


three million dollars to pen her autobiography and instead


accepted one dollar a year in the more


conscientious


role as


diplomat


for


UNICEF.(Para. 10)



Meaning


: She did not accept an offer of three million dollars to write the story of


her life, but accepted the demanding role as a UNICEF ambassador for one dollar


a year.





Turn sb. /sth. down


: refuse an offer, request, or invitation


拒绝(建议、要求或邀


请)



We politely turned down the invitation.


我们有礼貌的拒绝了邀请。




conscientious


: a. careful to do everything that it is your job or duty to do


勉励认


真的,细心负责的



She was not only a successful doctor but also a fine mother and a conscientious


daughter-in-law.


她不仅是一位成功的医生,


还是一位杰出的母亲、


尽责的儿媳。






diplomat:


n. [C] sb. who officially represents their government in a foreign country


外交官;外交家



This task takes the strategic skills of a general and the tact of a diplomat.


执行 这项


任务需要有将军的韬略和外交官的机敏。




25


For seven months out of each her last five years, she and Robby left the peace and


beauty in their


cozy


home to


embark on outreach


trips into some of the most


difficult places on earth.(Para. 10)



Meaning


: During the last five years of her life, she and Robby left their peaceful


and beautiful home and spent seven years each year traveling to some of the most


difficult places to provide help.





cozy


: a. (BrE


cozy


) warm and comfortable, and making you feel relaxed


温暖舒


适的;温馨的



The sitting rooms are neat and cozy, while the dining room is elegant and simple.


客厅整洁温馨,餐厅简单优雅。





embark


: v. go onto a ship or a plane, or put or take sth. onto a ship or plane(


使


)




/


飞机;


( 使)装船


/


飞机



The young couple will embark for Dalian next week.


这对年轻夫妇下周乘船去大


连。






embark on/upon sth. :


start sth.,esp. sth. new, difficult, or exciting


开始,


着手


(尤


指新的、有难 度的或令人激动的事)



I have seen how she gathers courage to embark on a long journey all by herself.




见过她是如何鼓起勇气独自开始一段远途旅行的。






outreach:


n. [U] the practice of providing help and advice to people in a


community before they have to ask it(


对社区居民的


)


主动提供服务



An outreach program was started by the local university to help children in the


community perform better at school.


当地的大学启动了一个面向社区的服务项


目,旨在帮助社区里的孩子在学 校表现更好。




26




Audrey Hepburn traveled representing UNICEF, making over 50 emotionally


draining and physically dangerous missions into bleak destinations to raise world


awareness of wars and droughts. (Para. 10)



Meaning


: As an ambassador of UNICEF, Audrey Hepburn accomplished more


than 50 tasks that were not only emotionally demanding but also physically


dangerous by going to harsh places to draw international attention about the bad


conditions in countries that had suffered from wars and drought.





drought:


n. [C,U] a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water


for plants and animals to live


旱灾;干旱



Drought and economic recession accelerated the pace of the decline of the region.



干旱和经济衰退加速了这个地区衰落的步伐。




27


Having been a victim of war, she understood the blessing of being the


beneficiary


of food, clothing, and, most of all, hope. (Para. 10)



Meaning


: Since she once suffered from the war herself, she understood how


important it was to be provided with food, clothing, and most important thing-hope.





beneficiary


: n. [C] sb. who gets advantages from an action or change


受益者;受


惠者



To Tom



s surprise, he was the only beneficiary of his uncle



s will


.


令汤姆吃惊的是,


自己是叔叔遗嘱的唯一受益人。




28


Audrey felt it was


wicked


that billions of children were


deprived


of simple joys


and drowned in overwhelming


misery


. (Para. 11)



Meaning


:



Audrey thought it was very bad that so many children were unable to


have the necessary food and clothing that they should enjoy, but led a miserable


life.





wicked


: a. behaving in a way that is morally wrong


邪恶的,缺德的



Ross not only had a wicked reputation, he even looked w icked.


罗斯不仅名声恶劣,


甚至看着就邪恶。

< p>





deprive


: vt. (


~sb. of sth


.) prevent sb. from having sth., esp. sth. that they need or


should have


剥夺



Parents who deprive children of food are wicked, and their children may become

< br>malnourished.


不让孩子吃饭的父母是恶毒的,他们的孩子可能会营 养不良。






misery:


n. [C,U]great suffering that it caused e.g. by being very poor or very sick


痛苦;难受;苦难



Our happiness or misery depends on our dispositions, and not on our circumstances


.


我们的欢乐或痛苦是由我们的性情来决定的,


不是有我们所处的环境来决定的




29


She believed deeply in the ideology that all people


share in


the duty to care for


those in need. (Para. 11)


Meaning:


She


strongly


believed


that


all


people


have

















the responsibility to help those in need.







ideology:


n.


[C,U] a set of beliefs on which a political or




economic system is


based, or which strongly influence the way people behave(


政治或经济上的


)


思想


体系;


(


对人们行为有强烈影响的


)


观念



It


was


more


accurate


to


describe


his


explanations


as


an


ideology


rather


than


a


science.


把他的解释描述为一种思想比说它是一门科学更准确 。





share in sth.:


take part in sth., or have a part of sth. that other people also have



享;分担;参与



Even


though


recently


I


shared


in


the


care- giving


duties,


Mom


had


been


doing


it


alone for more than a dec ade.


尽管近来我也分担起照顾的责任,妈妈却已经独自


做了 十多年。



Audrey Hepburn was always ready to


lead by example.


(Para.11)



Meaning:


At any time, Audrey Hepburn was ready to set a good example for others


to follow.



lead by example:


show the people you are in charge of what you want them to


do by doing it yourself


以身作则



Good parents lead by example rather than only tell their children what to do.

好的


父母会以身作则,而不只是口头上



告诉孩子如何去做。



She said:



Meaning:


She


believed


that


if


someone


does


not


treasure


childhood,


he


will


not


truly get the meaning of life.


She saw UNICEF's work as an


integral


,


sacred


force in people's lives and said of


UNICEF's


results,



who


doesn't


believe


in


miracles


is


not


a


realist.




Meaning:


She thought UNICEF's work played an important and necessary role in


people's lives and commented on the work by saying that we all should believe in



miracles.




Meaning beyond words:


The sentence


not


a


realist


suggests


that


many


people


at


that


time


disregarded


the


work


of


UNICEF by claiming that it was not realistic and didn't help much in fact. On the


contrary,


in


the


eyes


of


Audrey,


realists


should


believe


in


their


strength


to


create


miracles, and UNICEF's achievement was a good example.



integral:


a.


forming a necessary part of sth.(


构成整体所


)


必需的,必不可少的

< br>


These


kinds


of


robots


are


on


the


brink


of


becoming


an


integral


part


of


our


everyday world.

这些机器人即将成为我们日常生活中不可缺少的一部分。





sacred:


a.


1)very important or greatly respected


很重要的;神圣的;深受尊重的



It is my scared duty to safeguard the territory of our motherland.


保卫祖国的领土


是我的神圣职责。



2)relating to a god or religion


上帝的;神的;宗教

(



)




The cow is a scared animal in Hindu cul ture.


在印度文化中,牛是一种神圣的动


物。



In 1992, Audrey


was stricken by


cancer.(Para.12)





Meaning:


In 1992, Audrey was badly affected by cancer.




be


stricken


by/


with:


(fml.)



be


very


badly


affected


by


trouble,


illness,


unhappiness, ect.


受灾;患病;遭损失



The Chinese Res Cross has sent five planeloads of relief supplies to the area that


was


stricken


by


the < /p>


earthquake.


中国红十字会已经派出五架装载了救援物 资的


飞机飞往地震受灾地区。



…Hubert de Givenchy,


spoken to his


cherished


friend for the last time, just before


she died.(Para.13)




cherish:


vt.


1) love sb. or sth. very much and take care of them well


钟爱;珍爱



I have retired parents whom I love and cherish.


我父母亲已退休,他们是我所钟


爱、珍惜的人 。



2)think that sth. is very important and wish to keep it


珍爱;珍视



Right after I've put my son to bed, I turn off the TV


, phone, and light, sit on my bed


in the dark, and simply cherish the sil ence.


把儿子一放上床,


我就关掉电视、

< br>电话、


电灯,在黑暗中坐在床上,享受这一片宁静。



He


said


she


was



serene



at


the


end


because


she


knew


she


had


achieved


everything with perfection




serene:


a.


very calm or peaceful


宁静的;安宁的;平静的



The summer day by the lake in the countryside was serene and beautiful.


乡下湖边


的这个 夏日宁静而美丽。



Even


as


her


life


ended


at


63


years


of


age,


she


remained


a


gracious



woman


who


perpetually signified


simplicity, charity, charm and kindness.(Para.14)




Meaning:


Till the end of her life, she had been a great woman always representing


simplicity, charity, charm and kindness.




gracious:


a.


behaving in a polite, kind, and generous way, esp. to people of


a


lower rank


有礼貌的;仁慈的;和蔼的;亲切的< /p>


(


尤指对较低阶层的人们


)


His gracious young wife greeted me at the door and invited me to have a seat.


他年


轻和善的妻子在门口欢迎我,并请我入座。





perpetual:



a.(usu.


before


noun)


continuing


all


the


time


without


changing


or


stopping


连续不断的;无休止的



For six months, in 2012, I lived in a perpetual state of fear of losing my job.


2012


年我有六个月都生活在担心失去工作的持续恐惧之中。





perpetually:


ad.


连续不断地;无休止地



He felt unsteady on his feet from lack of food, and he was perpetually thirsty.


由于


没吃食物他觉得脚步不稳,而且他一直口渴。



signify:


vt.


represent, mean, or be a sign of sth.


代表;表示;象征;意味着



The grades that students receive signify how well they did in their studies.


学生们

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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