2006年-2016年六级CET-6英语考试真题及答案

C) Applied physics.

D) Special education.

12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.

B) The two-year professional training she received.

C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.

D) Her parents

’

consistent moral support.

13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.

B) To help the disabled children there.

C) To train therapists for the children there.

D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.

Passage Two

Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just

heard.

14. A) At a country school in Mexico.

B) In a mountain valley of Spain.

C) At a small American college.

D) In a small village in Chile.

15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.

B) By financing their elementary education.

C) By setting up a small primary school.

D) By setting them an inspiring example.

16. A)

She

wrote

poetry

that

broke

through

national

barriers.

B)

She

was

a

talented

designer

of

original

school

curriculums.

C)

She

proved

herself

to

be

an

active

and

capable

stateswoman.

D) She made outstanding contributions to children

’

s

education.

17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.

B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.

C) She translated her books into many languages.

D)

She

advised

many

statesmen

on

international

affairs.

Passage Three

Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just

heard.

18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.

B)

How

animals

alter

colors

to

match

their

surroundings.

C) How animals protect themselves against predators.

D)

How

animals

learn

to

disguise

themselves

effectively.

19. A) Its enormous size.

B) Its plant-like appearance.

C) Its instantaneous response.

D) Its offensive smell.

20. A) It helps improve their safety.

B) It allows them to swim faster.

C) It helps them fight their predators.

D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.

Part I

1.

C

6.

A

11.

B

16.

D

2.

D

7.

C

12.

C

17.

A

3.

B

8.

B

13.

B

18.

C

4.

C

9.

B

14.

D

19.

B

5.

D

10.

A

15.

A

20.

A

Section A

1. M: Mary, could you please tell Thomas to contact me? I was hoping

he would be able to help me out with the freshmen orientation program next

week.

W:

I

would

certainly

tell

him

if

I

saw

him,

but

I

haven't

seen

him

around

for quite a few days.

Q: What does the woman mean?

2. M: Susan, I am going to change the light bulb above the dining room

table. Will you hold the ladder for me?

W: No problem. But be careful while you're up there.

Q: What does the man want the woman to do?

3. W: It's freezing cold. Let me make some coffee to warm us up. Do you

want a piece of pie as well?

M: Coffee sounds great. But I'm going to have dinner with some friends

in a while, so I'd better skip the pie.

Q: What does the man mean?

4. W: How come Jim lost his job?

M: I didn't say he had lost it. All I said was if he didn't get out and

start selling a few cars instead of idling around all day, he might find

himself looking for a new job.

Q: What does the man say about Jim?

5. M: Hello, Mary. This is Paul at the bank. Is Tony home?

W: Not yet. Paul. I don't think you can reach him at the office now,

either. He phoned

me five minutes ago

to say

he

was stopping

for a hair-cut

on his way home.

Q: Who do you think the woman probably is?

6. W: Oh! Boy! I don't understand how you got a ticket today. I always

thought you were slow even driving on the less crowded fast lane.

M: I'm usually careful. But this

time

I thought I

could get through the

intersection before the light turned.

Q: What do we learn about the man?

7. W: Your dog

certainly seems

to

know you

are his master. Did you have

to punish him very often when you trained him?

M: I found it's much better to praise him when he obeys and not to be

so fussy when he makes mistakes.

Q: What does the man say about training dogs?

8. M: I am afraid there won't be time to do another tooth today. Make

sure you don't eat anything like stakes for the next few hours, and we'll

fill the other cavity tomorrow.

W:

All

right.

Actually,

I

must

hurry

to

the

library

to

return

some

books.

Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

9. W: I am worried about Jenny going to college. College students are

so wild nowadays.

M:

Actually,

only

a

few

are

like

that.

Most

students

are

too

busy

studying

to have time to cause trouble.

Q: What does the man imply?

10.

W:

You

didn't

seem

to

be

terribly

enthusiastic

about

the

performance.

M: You must be kidding. I couldn't have clapped any harder. My hands

are still hurting.

Q: What does the man think of the performance?

Section B

Passage 1

Born

and

raised

in

central

Ohio,

I'm

a

country

girl

through

and

through.

I'm currently studying to become a physical therapist, a career path that

marks a great achievement for me. At Ohio State University, admission into

the physical therapy program is intensely competitive. I made it pass the

first cut the first year I applied, but was turned down for admission. I

was crushed, because for years I have been determined to become a physical

therapist. I received advice from friends and relatives about changing my

major and finding

another course

for

my life. I just couldn't do it.

I knew

I could not be as happy in another profession. So I stilled myself, began

to

work

seriously

for

another

year

and

reapplied.

Happily

I

received

notice

of my admission.

Later, I

found

out that

less than 15% of the applicant had

been

offered

positions

that

year.

Now

in

the

first

two

years

of

professional

training,

I

couldn't

be

happier

with

my

decision

not

to

give

up

on

my

dream.

My father told me that if I wanted it badly enough, I would get in. Well,

Daddy, I wanted it. So there. After graduation, I would like to travel to

another

country,

possibly

a

Latin

American

country

and

work

in

a

children's

hospital for a year or two. So many of the children there are physically

handicapped

but

most

hospitals

don't

have

the

funding

to

hire

trained

staff

to care for them properly. I would like to change that somehow.

11. What is the speaker's field of study?

12.

According

to

the

speaker,

what

contributed

to

her

admission

to

Ohio

State University?

13. Why does the speaker want to go to a Latin American country?

Passage 2

Gabriela

Mistral

was

once

an

ordinary

teacher

in

a

small

village

school

in Northern Chile. Towering mountains separate her village from the world

outside.

Gabriela

Mistral

was

only

fifteen

when

she

began

teaching,

but

she

was

a

good

teacher.

She

helped

the

minds

of

her

students'

scale

the

mountain

walls and reached out to the world beyond. For eighteen years, Gabriela

devoted her life to the poor farm children of Chile's Northern valleys.

During

part

of

this

time,

she

was

director

of

schools

in

all

of

Chile.

Before

long, many countries recognized her as a great friend of children and the

leader in education. In 1922, she was invited to Mexico to help organize

the

rural

school

system.

Two

years

later,

Gabriela

Mistral

came

to

the

United

States

where

she

served

as

a

visiting

professor

in

several

colleges.

In

New

York

City,

a

group

of

teachers

helped

to

finance

the

publication

of

her

first

book of poetry. Some of her books have been translated into six different

languages. She gave the income from some of her books to help poor and

neglected children. Beginning in the 1920's, her interests reached out to

broader fields. Statesmen asked her advice on international problems. She

tried to break through the national barriers that hindered the exchange of

ideas among the Spanish speaking peoples of South America. She tried to

develop a better understanding between the United States and countries of

Latin

America.

In

1945,

she

gained

worldwide

recognition

by

winning

the

Nobel

Prize in literature, the first Southern American to win the prize.

14. Where did Gabriela Mistral start her teaching career?

15. How did Gabriela Mistral help the poor children of her hometown?

16. Why did many countries think highly of Gabriela Mistral?

17. How did Gabriela Mistral become famous all over the world?

Passage 3

Over

time

animals

have

developed

many

ways

to

stay

away

from

predators.

A predator is an animal that hunts and eats other animals. Hiding is one

of

the

best

ways

to

stay

alive.

Some

animals

hide

by

looking

like

the

places

where they live. To see how this works, let's look at the sea dragon. It

is

a

master

of

disguise.

The

sea

dragon

is

covered

with

skin

that

looks

like

leaves. The skin helps the dragon look like a piece of seaweed. A hungry

meat eater would stay away from anything that looks like seaweed. Other

animals stay safe by showing their colors. They want other animals to see

them.

Scientists

call

these

bright

colors--warning

colors.

You

have

probably

seen

animals

that

have

warning

colors.

Some

grasshoppers

show

off

their

own

bright colors. Those colors don't just look attractive; they tell their

enemies to stay away. Of course, hungry predators sometimes ignore the

warning. They still go after the grasshopper. If that happens, the

grasshopper has a backup defense. It makes lots of foam. The foam tastes

so bad that the predator won't do it again. Color doesn't offer enough

protection for some other animals. They have different defenses that help

them

survive

in

the

wild.

Many

fish

live

in

groups

or

schools.

That's

because

there is safety in numbers. At the first sign of trouble, schooling fish

swim as close together as they can get. Then the school of fish makes lots

of twists and turns. All that movement makes it hard for predators to see

individuals in a large group.

18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

19. What protects the sea dragon from the meat eater's attack?

20. According to the passage, why do many fish stay in groups?

2007

年

6

月

23

日大学英语六级

(CET-6)

真题试卷

(A

卷

)

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions:

For

this

part,

you

are

allowed

30

minutes

to

write

a

short

essay

entitled

Should

One

Expect

a

Reward

When

Doing

a

Good

Deed?

You

should

write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1.

有人做好事期望得到回报；

2.

有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报；

3.

我的观点。

Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed?

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions:

In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and

answer the questions on

Answer Sheet 1.

For questions 1-4, mark

Y

(for

YES

)

N

(for

NO

)

NG

(for

NOT

GIVEN

)

if

the

statement

agrees

with

the

information

given

in

the passage;

if

statement

contradicts

the

information

given

in

the

passage;

if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Seven Steps to a More Fulfilling Job

Many people today find themselves in unfulfilling work situations.

In fact, one in

four

workers

is

dissatisfied

with

their

current

job,

according

to

the

recent

―

Plans

for

2004

‖

survey. Their career path may be financially rewarding, but it doesn

‘

t meet their

emotional, social or creative needs. They

‘

re stuck, unhappy, and have no idea what to do

about it, except move to another job.

Mary

Lyn

Miller,

veteran

career

consultant

and

founder

of

the

Life

and

Career

Clinic, says that when most people are unhappy about their work, their first thought is to

get a different job. Instead, Miller suggests looking at the possibility of a different life.

Through

her

book,

8

Myths

of

Making

a

Living

,

as

well

as

workshops,

seminars

and

personal

coaching

and

consulting,

she

has

helped

thousands

of

dissatisfied

workers

reassess life and work.

Like

the

way

of

Zen,

which

includes

understanding

of

oneself

as

one

really

is,

Miller encourages job seekers

and those dissatisfied with work or life to examine their

beliefs about work and recognize that

―

in many cases your beliefs are what brought you

to

where

you

are

today.

‖

You

may

have

been

raised

to

think that

women

were

best

at

nurturing and caring and, therefore, should be teachers and nurses. So that

‘

s what you did.

Or, perhaps you were brought up to believe that you should do what your father did, so

you

have

taken

over

the

family

business,

or

become

a

dentist

―

just

like

dad.

‖

If

this

sounds familiar, it

‘

s probably time to look at the new possibilities for your future.

Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current

situation and beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on a journey that allows them to

pursue their passion through work.

Step 1: Willingness to do something different.

Breaking the cycle of doing what you have always done is one of the most difficult

tasks for job seekers. Many find it difficult to steer away from a career path or make a

change, even if it doesn

‘

t feel right. Miller urges job seekers to open their minds to other

possibilities beyond what they are currently doing.

Step 2: Commitment to being who you are, not who or what someone wants you to

be.

Look

at

the

gifts

and

talents

you

have

and

make

a

commitment

to

pursue

those

things that you love most. If you love the social aspects of your job, but are stuck inside

an office or

―

chained to

your desk

‖

most of the time, vow to follow

your instinct and

investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others.

Dawn worked as a manager for a large retail clothing store for several years. Though she

had

advanced

within

the

company,

she

felt

frustrated

and

longed

to

be

involved

with

nature and the outdoors. She decided to go to school nights and weekends to pursue her

true

passion

by

earning

her

master

‘

s

degree

in

forestry.

She

now

works

in

the

biotech

forestry division of a major paper company.

Step 3: Self- definition

Miller suggests that once job seekers know who they are, they need to know how to

sell themselves.

―

In the job market, you are a product. And just like a product, you most

know

the

features

and

benefits

that

you

have

to

offer

a

potential

client,

or

employer.

‖

Examine

the

skills

and

knowledge

that

you

have

identify

how

they

can

apply

to

your

desired

occupation.

Your

qualities

will

exhibit

to

employers

why

they

should

hire

you

over other candidates.

Step 4: Attain a level of self- honoring.

Self-honoring or self-love may seem like an odd step for job hunters, but being able

to

accept

yourself,

without

judgment,

helps

eliminate

insecurities

and

will

make

you

more

self- assured.

By

accepting

who

you

are

–

all

your

emotions,

hopes

and

dreams,

your personality, and your unique way of being

–

you

‘

ll project more confidence when

networking and talking with potential employers. The power of self- honoring can help to

break all the falsehoods you were programmed to believe

–

those that made you feel that

you were not good enough, or strong enough, or intelligent enough to do what you truly

desire.

Step 5: Vision.

Miller suggests that job seekers develop a vision that embraces the answer to

―

What

do I really want to do?

‖

one should create a solid statement in a dozen or so sentences

that describe in detail how they see their life related to work. For instance, the secretary

who

longs

to

be

an

actress

describes

a

life

that

allows

her

to

express

her

love

of

Shakespeare on stage. A real estate agent, attracted to his current job because her loves

fixing up old homes, describes buying properties that need a little tender loving care to

make them more saleable.

Step 6: Appropriate risk.

Some

philosophers

believe

that

the

way

to

enlightenment

comes

through

facing

obstacles and difficulties. Once people discover their passion, many are too scared to do

anything about it. Instead, they do nothing. With this step, job seekers should assess what

they are willing to give up, or risk, in pursuit of their dream. For one working mom, that

meant taking night classes to learn new computer-aided design skills, while still earning a

salary and keeping her day job. For someone else, it may mean quitting his or her job,

taking out loan and going back to school full time. You

‘

ll move one step closer to your

ideal work life if you identify how much risk you are willing to take and the sacrifices

you are willing to make.

Step 7: Action.

Some teachers of philosophy describe action in this way,

―

If one wants to get to the

top of a mountain, just sitting at the foot thinking about it will not bring one there. It is by

making the effort of climbing up the mountain, step by step, that eventually the summit is

reached.

‖

All too

often,

it is

the lack of

action that

ultimately

holds people back from

attaining their ideals. Creating a plan and taking it one step at a time can lead to new and

different

job

opportunities.

Job-hunting

tasks

gain

added

meaning

as

you

sense

their

importance

in

your

quest

for

a

more

meaningful

work

life.

The

plan

can

include

researching industries and occupations, talking to people who are in your desired area of

work, taking classes, or accepting volunteer work in your targeted field.

Each

of

these

steps

will

lead

you

on

a

journey

to

a

happier

and

more

rewarding

work life. After all, it is the journey, not the destination, that is most important.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡

1

上作答。

1.

According to the recent

―

Plans for 2004

‖

survey, most people are unhappy with their

current jobs.

2.

Mary Lyn Miller

‘

s job is to advise people on their life and career.

3.

Mary Lyn Miller herself was once quite dissatisfied with her own work.

4.

Many people find it difficult to make up their minds whether to change their career

path.

5.

According

to

Mary

Lyn

Miller,

people

considering

changing

their

careers

should

commit themselves to the pursuit of ________.

6.

In the job market, job seekers need to know how to sell themselves like ________.

7.

During an interview with potential employers, self-honoring or self-love may help a

job seeker to show ________.

8.

Mary

Lyn

Miller

suggests

that

a

job

seeker

develop

a

vision

that

answers

the

question

―

_______ _

‖

9.

Many

people

are

too

scared

to

pursue

their

dreams

because

they

are

unwilling

to

________.

10.

What ultimately holds people back from attaining their ideals is ________.

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In

this

section,

you

will

hear

8

short

conversations

and

2

long

conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will

be asked about what said. Both the conversation and the questions will be

spoken

only

once.

After

each

question

there

will

be

a

pause.

During

the

pause, you must read the four choices marked A) B) C) and D), and decide

which

is

the

best

answer.

Then

mark

the

corresponding

letter

on

Answer

Sheet 2

with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡

2

上作答。

11.

A) Surfing the net.

B) Watching a talk show.

C) Packing a birthday gift.

D) Shopping at a jewelry store.

12.

A) He enjoys finding fault with exams.

B) He is sure of his success in the exam.

C) He doesn

‘

t know if he can do well in the exam.

D) He used to get straight A

‘

s in the exams he took.

13.

A) The man is generous with his good comments on people.

B) The woman is unsure if there will be peace in the world.

C) The woman is doubtful about newspaper stories.

D) The man is quite optimistic about human nature.

14.

A) Study for some profession.

B) Attend a medical school.

C) Stay in business.

D) Sell his shop.

15.

A) More money.

B) Fair treatment.

C) A college education.

D) Shorter work hours.

16.

A) She was exhausted from her trip.

B) She missed the comforts of home.

C) She was impressed by Mexican food.

D) She will not go to Mexico again.

17.

A) Cheer herself up a bit.

B) Find a more suitable job.

C) Seek professional advice.

D) Take a psychology course.

18.

A) He dresses more formally now.

B) What he wears does not match his position.

C) He has ignored his friends since graduation.

D) He failed to do well at college.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19.

A) To go sightseeing.

B) To have meetings.

C) To promote a new champagne.

D) To join in a training program.

20.

A) It can reduce the number of passenger complaints.

B) It can make air travel more entertaining.

C) It can cut down the expenses for air travel.

D) It can lessen the discomfort caused by air travel.

21.

A) Took balanced meals with champagne.

B) Ate vegetables and fruit only.

C) Refrained from fish or meat.

D) Avoided eating rich food.

22.

A) Many of them found it difficult to exercise on a plane.

B) Many of them were concerned with their well-being.

C) Not many of them chose to do what she did.

D) Not many of them understood the program.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23.

A) At a fair.

B) At a cafeteria.

C) In a computer lab.

D) In a shopping mall.

24.

A) The latest computer technology.

B) The organizing of an exhibition.

C) The purchasing of some equipment.

D) The dramatic changes in the job market.

25.

A) Data collection.

B) Training consultancy.

C) Corporate management.

D) Information processing.

Section B

Directions:

In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,

you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be

spoken

only

once.

After

you

hear

a

question,

you

must

choose

the

best

answer

from

the

four

choice

marked

A)

B)

C)

and

D).

Then

mark

the

corresponding

letter

on

Answer

Sheet

2

with

a

single

line

through

the

centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡

2

上作答。

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26.

A) Improve themselves.

B) Get rid of empty dreams.

C) Follow the cultural tradition.

D) Attempt something impossible.

27.

A) By finding sufficient support for implementation.

B) By taking into account their own ability to change.

C) By constantly keeping in mind their ultimate goals.

D) By making detailed plans and carrying them out.

28.

A) To show people how to get their lives back to normal.

B) To show how difficult it is for people to lose weight.

C) To remind people to check the calories on food bags.

D) To illustrate how easily people abandon their goals.

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29.

A) Michael

‘

s parents got divorced.

B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson.

C) Karen

‘

s mother died in a car accident.

D) A truck driver lost his life in a collision.

30.

A) He ran a red light and collided with a truck.

B) He sacrificed his life to save a baby girl.

C) He was killed instantly in a burning car.

D) He got married to Karen

‘

s mother.

31.

A) The reported hero turned out to be his father.

B) He did not understand his father till too late.

C) Such misfortune should have fallen on him.

D) It reminded him of his miserable childhood.

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

32.

A) Germany.

B) Japan.

C) The U.S.

D) The U.K.

33.

A) By doing odd jobs at weekends.

B) By working long hours every day.

C) By putting in more hours each week.

D) By taking shorter vacations each year.

34.

A) To combat competition and raise productivity.

B) To provide them with more job opportunities.

C) To help them maintain their living standard.

D) To prevent them from holding a second job.

35.

A) Change their jobs.

B) Earn more money.

C) Reduce their working hours.

D) Strengthen the government

‘

s role.

Section C

Directions:

In this section, you will

hear a passage three times. When the passage is

read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When

the

passage

is

read

for

the

second

time,

you

are

required

to

fill

in

the

blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.

For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing

information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have

just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when

the

passage

is

read

for

the

third

time,

you

should

check

what

you

have

written.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡

2

上作答 。

Nursing,

as

a

typically

female

profession,

must

deal

constantly

with

the

false

impression

that

nurses

are

there

to

wait

on

the

physician.

As

nurses,

we

are

(36)

________

to

provide

nursing

care

only.

We

do

not

have

any

legal

or

moral

(37)

________ to any physician. We provide health teaching, (38) ________ physical as well

as

emotional

problems,

(39)

________

patient-related

services,

and

make

all

of

our

nursing

decisions

based

upon

what

is

best

or

suitable

for

the

patient.

If,

in

any

(40)

________, we feel that a physician

‘

s order is (41) ________ or unsafe, we have a legal

(42) ________ to question that order or refuse to carry it out.

Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off.

All nurses are aware of

that before they enter the profession.

The emotional and physical stress.

However, that

occurs

due

to

odd

working

hours

is

a

(43)

________

reason

for

a

lot

of

the

career

dissatisfaction.

(44)

________________________________.

That

disturbs

our

personal

lives,

disrupts

our

sleeping

and

eating

habits,

and

isolates

us

from

everything

except

job-related friends and activities.

The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations.

(45)

________________________________.

Consumers

of

medically

related

services

have

evidently not been affected enough yet to demand changes in our medical system. But if

trends continue as predicted, (46) ________________________________.

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In

this

section,

there

is

a

short

passage

with

5

questions

or

incomplete

statements.

Read

the

passage

carefully.

Then

answer

the

questions

or

complete

statements

in

the

fewest

possible

words.

Please

write

your

answers on

Answer Sheet 2

.

Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

Google

is

a

world-famous

company,

with

its

headquarters

in

Mountain

View,

California. It was set up in a Silicon Valley garage in 1998, and

inflated

(

膨胀

) with the

Internet bubble. Even when everything around it collapsed the company kept on inflating.

Google

‘

s

search

engine

is

so

widespread

across

the

world

that

search

became

Google,

and

google

became a verb.

The world

fell in

love with

the effective, fascinatingly fast

technology.

Google owes much of its success to the brilliance of S. Brin and L. Page, but also to

a

series

of

fortunate

events.

It

was

Page

who,

at

Stanford

in

1996,

initiated

the

academic

project

that

eventually

became

Google

‘

s

search

engine.

Brin,

who

had

met

Page at a student orientation a year earlier, joined the project early on. They were both

Ph.D. candidates when they devised the search engine which was better than the rest and,

without any marketing, spread by word of mouth from early adopters to, eventually, your

grandmother.

Their breakthrough, simply put, was that when their search engine crawled the Web,

it did more than just look for word matches, it also

tallied

(

统计

) and ranked a host of

other

critical

factors

like

how

websites

link

to

one

another.

That

delivered

far

better

results

than

anything

else.

Brin

and

Page

meant

to

name

their

creation

Googol

(the

mathematical

term

for the number 1 followed

by

100 zeroes), but

someone misspelled

the

word

so

it

stuck

as

Google.

They

raised

money

from

prescient

(

有先见之明的

)

professors and venture capitalists, and moved off campus to turn Google into business.

Perhaps

their

biggest

stroke

of

luck

came

early

on

when

they

tried

to

sell

their

technology to

other search engines, but

no one met their price, and they built

it up on

their own.

The next breakthrough came in 2000, when Google figured out how to make money

with its invention. It had lots of users, but almost no one was paying. The solution turned

out to be advertising, and it

‘

s not an exaggeration to say that Google is now essentially an

advertising company, given that that

‘

s the source of nearly all its revenue. Today it is a

giant advertising company, worth $$100 billion.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡

2

上作答。

< br>

47.

Apart

from

a

series

of

fortunate

events,

what

is

it

that

has

made

Google

so

successful?

48.

Google

‘

s search engine originated from ________ started

by L. Page.

49.

How did Google

‘

s search engine spread all over the world?

50.

Brin

and

Page

decided

to

set

up

their

own

business

because

no

one

would

________.

51.

The revenue of the Google company is largely generated from ________.

Section B

Directions:

There

are

2

passages

in

this

section.

Each

passage

is

followed

by

some

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices

marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark

the corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet 2

with a single line through the

centre.

Passage One

Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

You hear the refrain all the time: the U.S. economy looks good statistically, but it

doesn

‘

t feel good. Why doesn

‘

t ever- greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness? It is

a question that dates at least to the appearance in 1958 of

The Affluent

(

富裕的

)

Society

by John Kenneth Galbraith, who died recently at 97.

The Affluent Society

is a modern classic because it helped define a new moment in

the human condition. For most of history,

―

hunger, sickness, and cold

‖

threatened nearly

everyone, Galbraith wrote.

―

Poverty was found everywhere in that world. Obviously it is

not of ours.

‖

After World War II, the dread of another Great Depression gave way to an

economic boom. In the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it

was 4.5 percent.

To

Galbraith,

materialism

had

gone

mad

and

would

breed

discontent.

Through

advertising,

companies conditioned consumers to

buy things they didn

‘

t

really want

or

need.

Because

so

much

spending

was

artificial,

it

would

be

unfulfilling.

Meanwhile,

government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because

people instinctively

—

and wrongly

—

labeled government only as

―

a necessary evil.

‖

It

‘

s often said that only the rich are getting ahead; everyone else is

standing still or

falling

behind.

Well,

there

are

many

undeserving

rich

—

overpaid

chief

executives,

for

instance. But over any meaningful period, most people

‘

s incomes are increasing.

From

1995

to

2004,

inflation-adjusted

average

family

income

rose

14.3

percent,

to

$$43,200.

people

feel

―

squeezed

‖

because

their

rising

incomes

often

don

‘

t

satisfy

their

rising

wants

—

for bigger homes, more health care, more education, faster Internet connections.

The other great frustration is that it has not eliminated insecurity. People regard job

stability as part of their standard of living. As corporate layoffs increased, that part has

eroded.

More

workers

fear

they

‘

ve

become

―

the

disposable

American,

‖

as

Louis

Uchitelle puts it in his book by the same name.

Because so much previous suffering and social conflict stemmed from poverty, the

arrival

of

widespread

affluence

suggested

utopian

(

乌托邦式的

)

possibilities.

Up

to

a

point,

affluence

succeeds.

There

is

much

les

physical

misery

than

before.

People

are

better off. Unfortunately, affluence also creates new complaints and contradictions.

Advanced societies need economic growth to satisfy the multiplying wants of their

citizens.

But

the quest

for growth lets loose new anxieties and economic conflicts

that

disturb the social order. Affluence liberates the individual, promising that everyone can

choose

a

unique

way

to

self-fulfillment.

But

the

promise

is

so

extravagant

that

it

predestines many disappointments and sometimes inspires choices that have anti-social

consequences, including family breakdown and

obesity

(

肥胖症

). Statistical indicators of

happiness have not risen with incomes.

Should

we

be

surprised?

Not

really.

We

‘

ve

simply

reaffirmed

an

old

truth:

the

pursuit of affluence does not always end with happiness.

注意： 此部分试题请在答题卡

2

上作答。

52.

What question does John Kenneth Galbraith raise in his book

The Affluent Society

?

A) Why statistics don

‘

t tell the truth about the economy.

B) Why affluence doesn

‘

t guarantee happiness.

C) How happiness can be promoted today.

D) What lies behind an economic boom.

53.

According to Galbraith, people feel discontented because ________.

A) public spending has

n‘

t been cut down as expected

B) the government has proved to be a necessary evil

C) they are in fear of another Great Depression

D) materialism has run wild in modern society

54.

Why do people feel squeezed when their average income rises considerably?

A) Their material pursuits have gone far ahead of their earnings.

B) Their purchasing power has dropped markedly with inflation.

C) The distribution of wealth is uneven between the r5ich and the poor.

D) Health care and educational cost have somehow gone out of control.

55.

What does Louis Uchitelle mean by

―

the disposable American

‖

(Line 3, Para. 5)?

A) Those who see job stability as part of their living standard.

B) People full of utopian ideas resulting from affluence.

C) People who have little say in American politics.

D) Workers who no longer have secure jobs.

56.

What has affluence brought to American society?

A) Renewed economic security.

B) A sense of self-fulfillment.

C) New conflicts and complaints.

D) Misery and anti-social behavior.

Passage Two

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

The use of

deferential

(

敬重的

) language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the

woman,

which

dominates

conservative

gender

norms

in

Japan.

This

ideal

presents

a

woman

who

withdraws

quietly

to

the

background,

subordinating

her

life

and

needs

to

those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master

of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy;

she

―

treads

softly

(

谨言慎行

)in the world,

‖

elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art

form.

Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the

feminine

linguistic

(

语言的

)

ideal.

They

are

using

fewer

of

the

very

deferential

―

wome n

‘

s

‖

forms, and even using the few strong forms that are know as

―

men

‘

s.

‖

This,

of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media

against

the

defeminization

of

women

‘

s

language.

Indeed,

we

didn

‘

t

hear

about

―

men

‘

s

language

‖

until

people

began

to

respond

to

girls

‘

appropriation

of

forms

normally

reserved

for

boys

and

men.

There

is

considerable

sentiment

about

the

―

corruption

‖

of

women

‘

s language

—

which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and

morality

—

and

this

sentiment

is

crystallized

by

nationwide

opinion

polls

that

are

regularly carried out by the media.

Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of

the

highly

deferential

forms

as

older

women.

This

highly

polite

style

is

no

doubt

something that young women have been expected to

―

grow into

‖—

after all, it is assign

not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to

indicate a change in the nature of one

‘

s social relations as well. One might well imagine

little

girls

using

exceedingly

polite

forms

when

playing

house

or

imitating

older

women

—

in a fashion analogous to little girls

‘

use of a high-pitched voice to do

―

teacher

talk

‖

or

―

mother talk

‖

in role play.

The fact

that

young Japanese women are using less deferential

language is

a sure

sign of change

—

of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a

sign

of

the

―

masculization

‖